Castor oil soaps

Ricinus, m. castor-oil plant, -ijl, n. castor oil. -(ilsaure, /. ricinoleic acid. -Slseife, /. caator-soap, -olsulfosaure, /. castor-oil sulfonic acid, -samen, m. castor bean, -saure, /. ricinic (ricinoleic) acid, -seife, /. castor-oil soap. 

Ihe effect of a hydroxyl in the opposition was to increase the selective germicidal actisaturated soaps and to diminish that of unsaturated >ecies. Larson (U) found that Pnetxnooocci and Str tococci would not grow in the presence of even anall amounts (<0.1%) of sodiim ricinoleate. Larson and Nelson (H) reported that Pneimococci instantly lost their pathogeiicity on treatment with castor oil soap at a final dilution of 0.1%. Scarlet fever Streptococci was inhibited after 5 min in 0.5 % sodiim ricinoleate. Miller and Castles... 

Castor Oil Soap.—This soap, prepared as below, is said, by Mr. Hammer to answer best for preparing soap liniment [Linimeatum Saponin Cb.) —... 

Other Cresol-type Disinfectants and Antiseptics. Various non-irritant germicides of low toxicity, and therefore particularly suitable for disinfecting the skin and for application to wounds, contain different amounts of chloroxylenol, dichloroxylenol, benzyl cresols, o-phenylphenol, chloro-benzylphenols, special narrow-range boiling fractions of coal tar distillates, etc. They are usually dissolved in a soap, such as castor oil soap, and essential oil solution as they are only sparingly soluble in water. The various phenol coefficient tests, and particularly the Chick-Martin test, are of value in standardising such preparations, but they are of little value in determining their practical efficacy as antiseptics. For such purposes, other more specific tests are required which are beyond the scope of this book. 

Solution of Chloroxylenol, B,P. A 5 per cent solution of chloroxylenol in a mixture of terpineol, alcohol and castor oil soap. The chloroxylenol in this preparation can be determined by the above fusion method after evaporation of 5 ml of the sample to dryness with sodium hydroxide or colorimetrically by the 4-aminophenazone method. 

With the exception of tall oil and castor oil acids, and acids used for sodium and potassium soaps, Tables 3, 4, and 5 provide detailed production and disposition information on the U.S. triglyceride-based fatty acids. These data show a 2—3%/yr growth rate between 1985 and 1990, virtually in line with world projections, with the most significant growth occurring in the stearic and coconut acid segments. 

The important but unusual fatty acid ricinoleic acid, or 12-hydroxyoleic acid, is a major component of castor oil (>87%) and is also found in useful quantities in ergot. The metal salts of the acid find use in dry-cleaning soaps but the majority is converted to aminoundecanoic acid (Scheme 6.6) which is used to make nylon 11. Nylon 11 has very good chemical and shock-resistance properties, which have led to it being used in the automotive industry. Ricinoleic triglyceride is initially transesterified to the methyl ester. This is heated to 300 °C at which temperature it is... 

The same chemist patented somewhat Later (Ref 1, p 343) four expls contg K chlorate or perchlorate with "solidified oil (huile solidifiee), which was prepd by adding to 100 parts of soap (completely dried at 120—130°), 10 to 15 parts of castor oil and then continuing to heat for 2—3 hrs... 

Soap prepared from fish oil is very similar to the last named. God-liver oil soap differs only in having a more unpleasant smell and less consistency. Suet or tallow soap is white and solid, and has a slight odor of the fat. Exposed to the air, it loses water, and becomes brittle. Soap prepared from lard is very white, solid, inodorous, and especially valuable for the production of toilet soaps. Rancid butter yields a soap whieh is white, and in properties similar to tallow soap, but retains a rancid smell. Castor oil and spermaceti soaps are emollient, and especially applicable to toilet pur-... 

The principal use of the plant is lor the oil contained in the seeds, This oil is pressed out without healing the seeds. The particular properties make this oil valuable for specialized uses, such as low temperature lubrication. It is an important constituent of hydraulic brake fluid and other fluids where the degree of compressibility is important- Castor oil also finds medical uses, as an ingredient of special soaps, and in the preparation of some lexiile dyes. Ricin, an alkaloid present in castor oil. also has been used in insecticides. Prior lo the preparation of refined castor oil for medical purposes, ricin must be removed. 

A device for imparting shear to a dispersion for the purpose of reducing the particle size of the dispersed material. Somewhat similar to a roll crusher. Examples of dispersions processed over a roll mill are pigment grinds (pigments dispersed in a fluid such as castor oil) and soap formulations (where the dispersed material includes fragrance oil droplets and pigments). 

The term soap is a class name for the sodium and potassium salts of fatty acids. These fatty acids were found in animal fats and in plant oils such as coconut oil, palm oil, olive oil, castor oil, or cottonseed oil [1-6]. 

Solubilization has been used for many years in the formulation of phenolic antiseptic and disinfectant solutions. In the case of Cresol and Soap Solution (Lysol) and Chloroxylenol Solution B.P., soap micelles are used to solubilize the phenolic substances. The soap (anionic surfactant) is formed by reaction of potassium hydroxide with a suitable oil such as linseed oil (in Cresol and Soap Solution) or castor oil (in Chloroxylenol Solution). The solubilizing potential of surfactant solutions for hydrophobic species has also been exploited in the design of cholelitholytic solvents for gallstone dissolution with some limited success. 

Soaps of 12-hydroxystearate, derived from castor oil, have superb thickening and lubricity properties and are hence used in greases. Sulphated castor oil is used in a mineral-based lubricant for pre-sizing polyester fibres and thus minimising abrasion. Ethoxlyated castor oil is a hydrophilic emulsifier which has found use in metalworking fluids. 

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