Sulphated castor oil

Soaps of 12-hydroxystearate, derived from castor oil, have superb thickening and lubricity properties and are hence used in greases. Sulphated castor oil is used in a mineral-based lubricant for pre-sizing polyester fibres and thus minimising abrasion. Ethoxlyated castor oil is a hydrophilic emulsifier which has found use in metalworking fluids. 

Preformed micro emulsions can also be used for soil decontamination. The application of bioremediation with microemulsions containing nutrients for oil spills is already a well-known technology [84, 85] and is also proposed for in situ treatment of DNAPL sites [86]. Studies on contaminant extraction, however, are less frequent. In most cases, these systems have been discussed and investigated for adsorbed or highly viscous contaminants which can only be solubilised. Enhancement of solubilisation in micro emulsions compared with surfactant solutions was found for pyrene [87] and patented for ex situ treatment of contaminated soil [88]. An interesting cost-effective variation uses partially sulphated castor oil [89]. 

These include, for example, sulphated castor oil (triglyceride of the fatty acid 12-hydroxyoleic acid). This is used as an emulsifying agent for oil-in-water creams and ointments (non-irritant). 

These are prepared by treating fixed oils, for example castor oil, (which contains the triglyceride of the fatty acid 12-hydroxyoleic acid) with sulphuric acid and neutralizing with sodium hydroxide solution. Sulphated castor oil is used pharmaceutically as an emulsifying agent for oil-in-water creams and ointments. It is non-irritant and is used as a cleansing agent when soap is contra-indicated. It is also used in the manufacture of shampoos and deodorant sprays. 

Mattila MJ, T akki S, Jussila J. Effect of sodium sulphate and castor oil on drug absorption from the human intestine. Ann ClinRes (1974) 6,19-24. 

Sulphation of castor oil with sulphuric acid or oleum yields an easily water-soluble or dispersible sulph(on)ated castor oil also called Turkey red oil, one of the first synthetic detergents, which has been used for textile dyeing, softeners and metal working. ... 

BROMIC ACID CADMIUM CYANIDE CALCIUM BISULFIDE CALCIUM BISULFITE CALCIUM CARBONATE CALCIUM CHLORIDE CALCIUM HYDROXIDE CALCIUM HYPOCHLORITE CALCIUM NITRATE CALCIUM SULPHATE CARBON DIOXIDE CARBON MONOXIDE CARBONIC ACID CASTOR OIL CAUSTIC POTASH CAUSTIC SODA CHLORAL HYDRATE CHLORIC ACID. 20% CHLORIDE (WATER) CHLORINE WATER CHROME ALUM CITRIC ACID COPPER CARBONATE COPPERCHLORIDE COPPER CYANIDE COPPER FLUORIDE... 

Injection volume was 50 fi and concentration of injection vehicle was 30 mg ml for bleomycin and l(X)mgml for bleomycin-dextran sulphate complex. Results are expressed as the mean of two animal groups (10 rats). The water-in-oil emulsion comprised 77.8% sesame oil, 1.5% polyoxyethylated castor oil (E = 60) and 5.7% sorbitan sesqui-oleate. From Muranishi et al. [258] with permission. 

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