Cardiac irregularities

Dhuner KG, Nordqvist P, Renstrom B. 1957. Cardiac irregularities in trichloroethylene poisoning. Acta Anaesthesiol Scand 1 121-135. 

Morris LE, Noltensmeyer MH, White JM Jr. 1953. Epinephrine induced cardiac irregularities in the dog during anesthesia with trichloroethylene, cyclopropane, ethyl chloride and chloroform. Anesthesiology 14 153-158. 

It is true that the degree of system damage may be determined in part by the nature of the exposure thus, in mammals, high concentrations of DDT may produce central nervous system stimulation and cardiac irregularities, while low concentrations, absorbed over a period of time, may produce damage primarily to parenchymal tissues (3). Generally, similar chemical types exert approximately similar qualitative physiologic... 

HCN is a systemic poison toxicity is due to inhibition of cytochrome oxidase, which prevents cellular utilization of oxygen. Inhibition of the terminal step of electron transport in cells of the brain results in loss of consciousness, respiratory arrest, and ultimately, death. Stimulation of the chemoreceptors of the carotid and aortic bodies produces a brief period of hyperpnea cardiac irregularities may also occur. The biochemical mechanisms of cyanide action are the same for all mammalian species. HCN is metabolized by the enzyme rhodanese which catalyzes the transfer of sulfur from thiosulfate to cyanide to yield the relatively nontoxic thiocyanate. 

Aconitine (1) is highly toxic, when administered to anesthetized cats, it produced bradycardia, larger doses tachycardia and cardiac irregularities terminating cardiac arrest [10]. 

With severe intoxication by all routes, an excess of acetylcholine at the neuromuscular junctions of skeletal muscle causes weakness aggravated by exertion, involuntary twitchings, fasciculations, and eventually paralysis. The most serious consequence is paralysis of the respiratory muscles. Effects on the central nervous system include giddiness, confusion, ataxia, slurred speech, Cheyne-Stokes respiration, convulsions, coma, and loss of reflexes. The blood pressure may fall to low levels, and cardiac irregularities, including complete heart block, may occur. ... 

Hyperkalemia Carefully evaluate patients for possible fluid and electrolyte balance disturbances. Hyperkalemia may occur with impaired renal function or excessive potassium intake and can cause cardiac irregularities that may be fatal. Ordinarily, do not give potassium supplements with spironolactone. 

Systemic Nausea vomiting abdominal cramps diarrhea urinary incontinence fainting sweating salivation difficulty in breathing cardiac irregularities. 

Overdose may produce agitation, tachycardia, palpitations, cardiac irregularities, chest pain, psychotic episode, seizures, and coma. 

Certain types of seizures will also be harmful if the patient loses consciousness or goes into convulsions and injures himself or herself during a fall. Certain types of convulsions are potentially fatal if cardiac irregularities result and the individual goes into cardiac arrest. Even relatively minor seizures may be embarrassing to a person, and social interaction may be compromised if the individual is afraid of having a seizure in public. Consequendy, a strong effort is made to find an effective way to control or eliminate the incidence of seizures. 

Cardiovascular Problems. Some problems with cardiac arrhythmias may arise in a patient taking levodopa. However, these problems are usually fairly minor unless the patient has a history of cardiac irregularity. Caution should be used in cardiac patients undergoing levodopa therapy, especially during exercise. 

Anticholinergics are associated with many side effects including mood change, confusion, hallucinations, drowsiness, and cardiac irregularity.13,39 In addition, blurred vision, dryness of the mouth, nausea/ vomiting, constipation, and urinary retention are fairly common. Antihistamine drugs with anticholinergic properties are also used occasionally (Table 10-2). 

Clearly, the dosage of a calcium supplement must be determined by the specific needs of each individual. Excessive doses must also be avoided because they may produce symptoms of hypercalcemia, including constipation, drowsiness, fatigue, and headache. As hypercalcemia becomes more pronounced, confusion, irritability, cardiac arrhythmias, hypertension, nausea and vomiting, skin rashes, and pain in bones and muscle may occur. Hypercalcemia is a cause for concern because severe cardiac irregularities may prove fatal. 

Cardiovascular Effects. Three of 12 workers chronically exposed to barium carbonate dust had elevated blood pressure and 2 workers had ECG abnormalities (Essing et al. 1976). However, it is unknown whether this represented an increased incidence because no comparison with a control population was performed. Increased blood pressure and cardiac irregularities were reportedly observed in guinea pigs exposed by inhalation for an unspecified period of time to 0.06 mg barium/m/min as aerosolized barium chloride solution (Hicks et al. 1986). 

Locoweed is devasting to liverstok reproduction. Principal effects on the developing fetus include delayed placentation, decreased vascularization, fetal edema and hemorrhage then reduces fetal heart rate and causes cardiac irregularity, which may contribute to fluid accumulation in the placenta. These factors contribute to fetal death and trigger abortion [158]... 

Rabbits exposed via inhalation to hydrogen sulfide at 72 ppm ( 102mgm ) exhibited disturbed liver, brain, kidney metabolism, serum protein, enzyme and mineral changes, decreased myocardial enzymes, cardiac irregularities, and unconsciousness. Dermal exposure resulted in changes in blood chemistry. 

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