Carbon nanotubes film preparation

C. Hu, X. Chen, and S. Hu, Water-soluble single-walled carbon nanotubes films preparation, characterization and applications as electrochemical sensing films. J. Electroanal. Chem. 586, 77-85 (2006). 

Kim, l.-H., et ah, Synthesis and characterization of electrochemically prepared ruthenium oxide on carbon nanotube film substrate for supercapacitor applications. Journal of The Electrochemical Society, 2005.152(11) p. A2170-A2178. 

Nagano, T., Ishikawa, Y., and Shibata, N. Preparation of silicon-on-insulator substrate on large free-standing carbon nanotube film formation by surface decomposition of SiC film. Jpn. J. Appl. Phys. 42, 2003 1717-1721. 

C.S. Du, D. Heldbrant, N. Pan, Preparation and preliminary property study of carbon nanotubes films by electrophoretic deposition, Mater. Lett. 57 (2002) 434. 

Kim, I.H., J.H. Kim, Y.H. Lee, and K.B. Kim, Synthesis and characterization of electro-chemically prepared ruthenium oxide on carbon nanotube film substrate for supercapacitor applications. Journal of the Electrochemical Society, 2005. 152(11) pp. A2170-A2178 Kim, I.H., J.H. Kim, and K.B. Kim, Electrochemical characterization of electrochemically prepared ruthenium oxide/carbon nanotube electrode for supercapacitor application. Electrochemical and Solid State Letters, 2005. 8(7) pp. A369-A372... 

The preparation of carbon nanotube sheets, called carbon nanotuhe papers [60] and carbon nanotube films by physical adsorption [61] is already known. However, reports describing the preparation of thin films with high homogeneity from purified-carbon nanotubes dissolved or dispersed in solution are very limited. By utilizing soluble nanotubes, carbon nanotube ultrathin films can be formed. Ultrathin composite films of carbon nanotubes and amphiphiles are formed by means of the LB technique [62]. Krstic etal. described the formation of mono-layers of SWNTs and a surfactant on substrates with lithographically defined electrode arrays [63]. They measured the electrical transport of the electrodes. The... 

Dopamine, an important neurotransmitter molecule, was detected with metalloporphyrin—either Zn(II)-5,10,15,20-tetrakis(4-pyridyl)porphyrin or Co(n)-5,10,15,20-tetrakis(4-methoxyphenyl)-porphyrin—thin films on screen-printed carbon nanotube electrodes, prepared by matrix-assisted pulsed laser evaporation [235]. A few years later, an iron(III) [3,7,12,17-tetramethyl-8,13-divinylporphyrin-2,18-dipropanoato]/MWCNT composite was used to fabricate a modified glassy carbon electrode that was successfully used for the simultaneous determination of ascorbic acid, dopamine, nric acid, and nitrite ion [236]. 

Lu D, Lin S, Wang L, Li T, Wang C, Zhang Y (2014) Sensitive detection of luteolin based on poly (diallyldimethylammonium chloride)-functionalized graphene-carbon nanotubes hybrid/p-cyclodextrin composite film. J Solid State Electrochem 18(l) 269-278 Ma Y, Wu D, Liu Y, Li X, Qiao H, Yu Z-Z (2014a) Electrically conductive and super-tough polypropylene/carbon nanotube nanocomposites prepared by melt compounding. Compos B Eng 56 384-391... 

Abstract. In this study various composites based on the commercial ethylene vinyl acetate polymer matrix and multiwalled carbon nanotubes were prepared by casting from solution in the form of thick films. The degree of dispergation of carbon nanotubes in the polymer matrix was examined by scanning electron microscopy. Electrical conductivity and mechanical properties of those composites were investigated. It was observed that the electrical conductivity of composites increases with an increase of multiwalled carbon nanotubes content. The mechanical properties of composites were only slightly changed when compared with properties of neat ethylene vinyl acetate matrix. 

In this work, simple (single-use) biosensors with a layer double stranded (ds) calf thymus DNA attached to the surface of screen-printed carbon electrode assembly have been prepared. The sensor efficiency was significantly improved using nanostructured films like carbon nanotubes, hydroxyapatite and montmorillonite in the polyvinylalcohol matrix. 

In view of the conductive and electrocatalytic features of carbon nanotubes (CNTs), AChE and choline oxidases (COx) have been covalently coimmobilized on multiwall carbon nanotubes (MWNTs) for the preparation of an organophosphorus pesticide (OP) biosensor [40, 41], Another OP biosensor has also been constructed by adsorption of AChE on MWNTs modified thick film [8], More recently AChE has been covalently linked with MWNTs doped glutaraldehyde cross-linked chitosan composite film [11], in which biopolymer chitosan provides biocompatible nature to the enzyme and MWNTs improve the conductive nature of chitosan. Even though these enzyme immobilization techniques have been reported in the last three decades, no method can be commonly used for all the enzymes by retaining their complete activity. 

J. Qu, Y. Shen, X. Qu, and S. Dong, Preparation of hybrid thin film modified carbon nanotubes on glassy carbon electrode and its electrocatalysis for oxygen reduction. Chem. Commun. 1, 34—35... 

Fig. 12.3 Fabrication of the nanocomposite paper units for battery, (a) Schematic of the battery assembled by using nanocomposite film units. The nanocomposite unit comprises LiPF6 electrolyte and multiwalled carbon nanotube (MWNT) embedded inside cellulose paper. A thin extra layer of cellulose covers the top of the MWNT array. Ti/Au thin film deposited on the exposed MWNT acts as a current collector. In the battery, a thin Li electrode film is added onto the nanocomposite, (b) Cross-sectional SEM image of the nanocomposite paper showing MWNT protruding from the cel-lulose-RTIL ([bmlm] [Cl]) thin films (scale bar, 2pm). The schematic displays the partial exposure of MWNT. A supercapacitor is prepared by putting two sheets of nanocomposite paper together at the cellulose exposed side and using the MWNTs on the external surfaces as electrodes, (c) Photographs of the nanocomposite units demonstrating mechanical flexibility. Flat sheet (top), partially rolled (middle), and completely rolled up inside a capillary (bottom) are shown (See Color Plates)...

Yu, A., et al., Silver nanoparticle-carbon nanotube hybrid films Preparation and electrochemical sensing. Electrochimica Acta, 2012. 74(0) p. 111-116. 

A variety of nanomaterials have been synthesized by many researchers using anodic aluminum oxide film as either a template or a host material e.g., magnetic recording media (13,14), optical devices (15-18), metal nanohole arrays (19), and nanotubes or nanofibers of polymer, metal and metal oxide (20-24). No one, however, had tried to use anodic aluminum oxide film to produce carbon nanotubes before Kyotani et al. (9,12), Parthasarathy et al. (10) and Che et al. (25) prepared carbon tubes by either the pyrolytic carbon deposition on the film or the carbonization of organic polymer in the pore of the film. The following section describes the details of the template method for carbon nanotube production. 

By applying the template technique, Kyotani et al. and Che et al. succeeded in preparing Pt and Pt/Ru metal-filled uniform carbon nanotubes in which the metal is present as either nanorods or nanoparticles. It should be noted that no metal was observed on the outside wall of the tubes. This is due to the preparation procedure, in which the metal precursor was loaded into the carbon-deposited alumina film before the dissolution of alumina by HF (see Fig. 10.1.9). Thus, there is no other space for metal to be loaded except in the channels. 

A carbon-deposited film was prepared from the alumina film with 30-nm channels by the CVD technique using propylene. Fluorination was carried out by direct reaction of the film with dry fluorine gas (purity 99.7%). The film was placed in a nickel reactor and was allowed to react with 0.1 MPa of fluorine gas for 5 days at a predetennined temperature in the range of 50 to 200°C. Then the fluorinated carbon nanotubes were separated by dissolving the alumina film with HF. A schematic drawing of the fluorination process is given in Fig. 10.1.15. 

It was found that 5-nm-thick resist-mask polysilane films worked well in a direct lithography process on silicon substrates, resulting into a line width of 40 nm prepared by scanning probe microscope lithography, using a carbon nanotube tip.57 Thin PMPS films of 6—8 nm, with a molecular weight of 30,000 were prepared by spin casting and cured at 150°C to obtain a smooth surface. It has been interpreted that moisture was essential for the oxidation of the polysilane. The proposed mechanism involved dissociation of Si-Si bonds in polysilane by the electron injection from the carbon nanotube tip catalyzed by moisture. 

Du, C. and Pan, N., Preparation of single-walled carbon nanotube reinforced magnesia films , Nanotechnology, 2004, 15, 227-231. 

Process of chemical vapor deposition (CVD) is one of the most effective methods for preparation of flat emission cathodes. This method allows to produce different carbon structures on the cathode substrate. Depending on conditions of deposition, derivable carbon surface can be diamond-like films [1], amorphous graphite [2], various carbon constitutions, including carbon nanotubes [3], Investigation results of field emission properties produced cathodes have shown this is a promising technology for production Field Emission Display (FED). 

---