Carbon fibre reinforced polymers application

APPROXIMATE MEASUREMENTS OF SOME PHYSICAL PROPERTIES OF CARBON FIBRE REINFORCED POLYMERS, RELEVANT TO THEIR APPLICATIONS IN TRIBOLOGY. 

Moy, S. S. J. and Nikoukar, F. (2002), Flexural behavior of steel beams reinforced with carbon fibre reinforced polymer composite . Proceedings of the First International Conference on Advanced Polymer Composites for Structural Applications in Construction, Southampton University, UK, 15-17 April 2002, pp. 195-202. 

The markets for polyetherimides arise to an extent from stricter regulations concerning flammability and smoke evolution coupled with such features as high strength, toughness and heat resistance. Application areas include car under-the-bonnet uses, microwave equipment, printed circuit boards and aerospace (including carbon-fibre-reinforced laminated materials). The polymer is also of interest in flim, fibre and wire insulation form. 

Eddy current (EC) Inspection of carbon fibre-reinforced structures bases on their anisotropic electrical properties. Great differences in conductivity between carbon fibres, polymer matrix and integrated functional components contribute to this circumstance. The paper describes suitable eddy current probes, the fundamental idea of modelling and measurement of EC distribution and provides a short survey of application potential to characterise CFRP non-destructively. 

Fibre-reinforced polymers (FRP) rebars, usually made of an epoxy matrix reinforced with carbon or aramide fibres, have also been proposed both as prestressing wires and reinforcement. Nevertheless, they are not discussed here, because these applications are still in the experimental phase and there is a lack of experience on their durability. In fact, while they are not affected by electrochemical corrosion typical of metals, they are not immune to other types of degradation. FRP are also used in the form of laminates or sheets as externally bonded reinforcement in the rehabilitation of damaged structures this application will be addressed in Chapter 19. 

Most carbon fibre reinforced plastics (CFRP) used and investigated to date are produced from preimpregnated continuous carbon fibre prepregs. Polymers reinforced with aligned short carbon fibres have certain advantages as materials for structural components, because they can easily be formed into complicated shapes with satisfactory mechanical properties. Woven fabrics produced from carbon fibres find increasing application in the aerospace and many other industries, because they are easy to handle, they have the ability to conform to complicated shapes and the in-plane properties are more isotropic than those of equivalent unidirectional materials. 

The well-known possibilities of the use of textiles and fibres in construction have developed into fields of application ranging from geotextiles to fibre-reinforced concrete, concrete reinforcing armatures made of fibre-reinforced polymers, usually carbon fibre composites (CFCs), textile membranes and sheeting and to constructions made of fibre-reinforced polymers as multi-layer composites. The present book is dedicated to the spectrum of building geotextiles are excluded, since they are less commonly used for building construction and are more common in earthworks, transit structures and landfills. 

Because ablation is carried ont at high temperatures it is possible to examine thermally static polymers snch as poly-p-methylstyrene. Other recent applications of ToF-SIMS include the examination of PS [182-184], PE [185], carbon fibre-reinforced epoxy resins [186], polyalkylacrylates [187], alkylketene dimers [188], perfluorinated polymers [189],... 

This paper should not end without giving some information on present and future applications of this anisotropic polymer carbon. In space technology, carbon fibre reinforced composites are the unique structural material. In aircraft industry all military planes make use of this revolutionary material. Fig. 26 shows the model of a future fighter which combines wings and stabilizers in one structural element. The whole structure consists of advanced composites. Only small parts, i.e. the engines are still made from metals. In today s commercial aircrafts only secondary and tertiary parts are made from CFRP, as shown in fig. 27. There is... 

Other recent applications of ToF-SIMS without XPS include the examination of PS [6, 17-19], polyethylene (PE) [20], carbon fibre reinforced epoxy resins [21], polyalkyl methacrylates [22], alkylketene dimers [23], perfluorinated polymers [24], perflnorinated ethers [25], polyethylene glycol (PEG) oligomers [15, 25-29], rubber [30], ethylene-tetrafluoroethylene copolymer [30], Nylon-6 [31], PC [32,33], PDMS [34], polypyrrole coated PS [35], poly-p-phenylene vinylene [36], butyl rubber [37], poly(4-vinyl phenol)/poly(4-vinyl pyridine blends) [38], polypyrrole-silica gel composites [39], y-glycidoxypropyl trimethoxy silane [40], triblock copolymer poly(ethylene glycol)- 3 poly(phenylene ethylene)- 3 poly(ethylene glycol) [41], ethylene-terephthalate-hydroxybenzoate copolymer [42], PS-polyvinyl methyl ether, polycarbonate - PS blends [43] and PDMS-urethane [44],... 

At the beginning of the 1980s, interest became focused on developing ACF by the steam activation of conventional carbon fibres (CF), a fibril material whose main application was to reinforce polymer matrix composites. Poly-aciylo-nitril (PAN) based ACF was first produced by Toho Rayon Co. (Japan). At the end of the 1980s, interest centred on developing ACF from inexpensive precursors such as pitch based carbon fibres. 

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