Carbon black pigments properties

For specialised applications where electrical conductivity is required, such as antistatic flooring or shielding of electromagnetic induction, specific carbon black pigment/filler is used. Copper and nickel metal powders have also been studied (112). A review is available of the electrical properties of polymers filled with different types of conducting particles (416). 

In 1985, ANPA came out with the first-generation soybean-oil-based lithographic news ink, comprised of alkali-refined soybean oil, hydrocarbon resin, carbon black pigment, and an antioxidant (Moynihan, 1985a). This black ink had similar printing properties to mineral-oil-based inks, but cost 30—50% more. The color inks were formulated in a similar way, had good print quality, but cost about 5—10% more than the petroleum-based commercial inks. Thus, industry continued to search for 100% vegetable-oil-based inks to replace petroleum-based inks. 

While nanomaterials are in existence for quite some time in products such as catalysts, carbon black, pigments and other simple oxide nanopowders, in today s developing nanoceramic materials industry the emergence of low-cost, high-volume, novel manufacturing processes offer the chance of complex compositions with a level of precision and a range of properties that were, in the past, either too difficult to achieve or economically not feasible. 

Carbon black pigments are classified into six classes lamp black, furnace black, thermal black, acetylene black, channel black and gas black. They all differ in their typical properties such as particle size, jetness, undertone and surface chemistry. 

The physical properties of LSR are similar to the general purpose or medium high-strength peroxide cured elastomers. Other features such as oil and chemical resistance and electrical properties also follow the expected trend for silicone products. The LSR cure system generally results in the cured product being self-extinguishing, and with the inclusion of certain carbon black pigments will easily meet the requirements of the US Underwriters Laboratory flame test UL-94, with a class of V-O. 

Black Pigments. The only black pigment used to an appreciable extent in inks is carbon black It is used in newsprinting, pubHcation, commercial and packaging printing therefore, in large quantities. Black pigments ate offered in fluffy or beaded forms and in a variety of particle sizes and physical properties. 

Consumer articles often use colorants (qv), reodorants, or finishing agents. Carbon black (qv) provides the best technological properties for industrial appHcations, so most mbber articles are black. Red iron oxide or other inorganic pigments are used to color mineral-filled articles. Organic... 

Some inorganic compounds are used as food additives and food colorants. They include titanium dioxide, carbon black, iron oxides, ultramarin, and calcium carbonate. Some of them are important for properties other than the ability to impart color. Titanium is the most commonly used inorganic pigment in food and will be briefly discussed below. ° "°... 

As discussed in Chapter 10, a wide variety of additives is used in the polymer industry. Stabilizers, waxes, and processing aids reduce degradation of the polymer during processing and use. Dyes and pigments provide the many hues that we observe in synthetic fabrics and molded articles, such as household containers and toys. Functional additives, such as glass fibers, carbon black, and metakaolins can improve dimensional stability, modulus, conductivity, or electrical resistivity of the polymer. Fillers can reduce the cost of the final part by replacing expensive resins with inexpensive materials such as wood flour and calcium carbonate. The additives chosen will depend on the properties desired. 

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