Calcium chloride test

Barium chloride solutions (BaCD have only a slight action, comparable to that of calcium chloride. Tests in solutions at 1-10% on 1050 have shown that up to 50 °C, the dissolution rate is below 0.03 mm per year at 98 °C, it is in the order of 0.15 mm per year, and superficial micro-pitting is observed [10]. 

Caldum chloride test. Add CaCl2 solution to a neutrai solution of an oxalate a white precipitate of calcium oxalate is formed, insoluble in acetic acid, but soluble in dil. HCl. 

It should be emphasised that the calcium chloride solution used in testing for acids is of Reagent concentration (p. 524) throughout. 

Di-n-butyl ether. Technical n-butyl ether does not usually contain appreciable quantities of peroxides, unless it has been stored for a prolonged period. It should, however, be tested for peroxides, and, if the test is positive, the ether should be shaken with an acidified solution of a ferrous salt or with a solution of sodium sulphite (see under Diethyl ether). The ether is dried with anhydrous calcium chloride, and distilled through a fractionating column the portion, b.p. 140-141°, is collected. If a fraction of low boiling point is obtained, the presence of n-butyl... 

A.STM Standard D98-87 Standard Specificationsfor Calcium Chloride, Issue 90-06, American Society of Testing Materials, Information Handling Services, Englewood, Colo., Dec. 1990—Jan. 1991. 

There have been a number of cell designs tested for this reaction. Undivided cells using sodium bromide electrolyte have been tried (see, for example. Ref. 29). These have had electrode shapes for in-ceU propylene absorption into the electrolyte. The chief advantages of the electrochemical route to propylene oxide are elimination of the need for chlorine and lime, as well as avoidance of calcium chloride disposal (see Calcium compounds, calcium CHLORIDE Lime and limestone). An indirect electrochemical approach meeting these same objectives employs the chlorine produced at the anode of a membrane cell for preparing the propylene chlorohydrin external to the electrolysis system. The caustic made at the cathode is used to convert the chlorohydrin to propylene oxide, reforming a NaCl solution which is recycled. Attractive economics are claimed for this combined chlor-alkali electrolysis and propylene oxide manufacture (135). 

Depth loading The deposition of particles mainly within the filter interstices, rather than on the filter surface. Desiccator A sealed container containing a water-absorbing substance such as silica gel or calcium chloride used to dry test materials in the laboratory,... 

Add calcium chloride and stir with a glass rod. A crystalline precipitate of calcium tartrate, C.,H40(,Cad-4H20, is formed u hich dissolves in acetic acid and caustic alkalis. Repeat the fniegoing test, but add a few drojts of acetic acid before the calcium chloride. There is no precipitate. Calcium sulphate also gives no precipitate with tartaric acid or neutial tartrates, ( compare reactions for OKalic acid, p. 100). 

Pure Commercial Benzene, obtained from coal-tai naphtha, should distil w lthin one degiee (80—Si ), and solidify completely when cooled to 0°. Other tests are as follow s shaken with concentrated sulphuric acid for a few minutes, the acid should not darken, and a drop of bromine water should not be immediately decolourised. A single distillation over a few small pieces of sodium, which absorb any traces of water, is usually a sufficient purification. If the benzene impart a brown or black colour to the sulphuric acid, it must be repeatedly shaken with about 20 per cent, of the acid until the lattev becomes only slightly yellow on standing. This is done in a stoppered separating funnel, and after shaking fora few minutes the mixture is allow ed to settle, and the low er layer of acid diawn off. The benzene is then shaken tw o 01 three times with water to free it from acid, carefully separated from the aqueous layer, and left in contact with fused calcium chloride until the liquid becomes clear. It is then decanted, frozen in ice, and any liquid (carbon bisulphide, paraffins) carefully drained off, and die benzene finally distilled over sodium. 

Not all sulphates are as readily reduced as sodium sulphate, for instance, calcium sulphate does not usually lead to sulphide penetration, although the presence of other substances with calcium sulphate may lead to accelerated oxidation for other reasons. The results for laboratory tests on a series of metals and alloys in sodium sulphate -F sodium chloride and calcium sulphate + calcium chloride mixtures are shown in Table 7.12 . In many cases sulphide peneration could be noted with the sodium salts but not with the calcium salts. 

Galvanised steel provides increased corrosion resistance in carbonated concrete. In concrete with more than 0.4% chloride ion with respect to the cement content, there is an increased risk of corrosion and at high chloride contents the rate of corrosion approaches that of plain carbon steel. In test conditions the rate of corrosion is greater in the presence of sodium chloride than calcium chloride. Fusion-bonded epoxy-coated steel performs well in chloride-contaminated concrete up to about 3.9% chloride ion in content. 

Sf.if-Test 6.17A Calculate the lattice enthalpy of calcium chloride, CaCl2, by using the data in Appendices 2A and 2D. 

At the conclusion of a few selected damage tests, an additional experiment was performed in which solutions containing 10% TKPP, 0.1% calcium chloride, and 0.4% magnesium chloride were pumped through the damaged cores. In each instance, the permeability of the core recovered dramatically, as shown in Figure 1. 

---