Butylene terephthalate plastic

Butanediol. 1,4-Butanediol [110-63-4] made from formaldehyde and acetylene, is a significant market for formaldehyde representing 11% of its demand (115). It is used to produce tetrahydrofuran (THF), which is used for polyurethane elastomers y-butyrolactone, which is used to make various pyrroHdinone derivatives poly(butylene terephthalate) (PBT), which is an engineering plastic and polyurethanes. Formaldehyde growth in the acetylenic chemicals market is threatened by alternative processes to produce 1,4-butanediol not requiring formaldehyde as a raw material (140) (see Acetylene-derived chemicals). 

Hydroformylation. Hydroformylation of aEyl alcohol is a synthetic route for producing 1,4-butanediol [110-63-4] a raw material for poly(butylene terephthalate), an engineering plastic (qv) many studies on the process have been carried out. 

With the expiry of the basic ICI patents on poly(ethylene terephthalate) there was considerable development in terephthalate polymers in the early 1970s. More than a dozen companies introduced poly(butylene terephthalate) as an engineering plastics material whilst a polyether-ester thermoplastic rubber was introduced by Du Pont as Hytrel. Polyfethylene terephthalate) was also the basis of the glass-filled engineering polymer (Rynite) introduced by Du Pont in the late 1970s. Towards the end of the 1970s poly(ethylene terephthalate) was used for the manufacture of biaxially oriented bottles for beer, colas and other carbonated drinks, and this application has since become of major importance. Similar processes are now used for making wide-neck Jars. 

The growing market for birch control devices is driving the demand for tetrahydrofiirane while mothers milk substitutes create the gamma-butyro-lactone demand. Not really. Just checking to see if you re reading all this. Poly butylene terephthalate is an engineering thermoplastic being used in automobile and electrical components. Other minor uses include solvents, humectant, plasticizer, and pharmaceuticals. 

Poly(trimethylene terephthalate). Poly(trimethylene terephthal-ate) (PIT) is a crystalline polymer that is used for fibers, films, and engineering plastics. The polymer has an outstanding tensile elastic recovery, good chemical resistance, a relative low melting temperature, and a rapid crystallization rate. It combines some of the advantages of poly(ethylene terephthalate) (PET) and poly(butylene terephthalate) (PBT). Disadvantageous are the low heat distortion temperature, low melt viscosity, poor optical properties, and pronounced brittleness low temperatures. 

The decorative laminates described in the previous chapter are made with selected thermosetting resins while resins of this type can be moulded and extruded by methods similar to those outlined in the present and the next chapter the materials employed for these processes predominantly are thermoplastic. Many such plastics can be moulded and extruded under suitable conditions, the most important in terms of quantities used being those that combine properties satisfactory for the purpose with convenience in pro-cessing-especially the polyolefins (polyethylene and polypropylene), poly(vinyl chloride), and styrene polymers and blends. Other plastics with special qualities, such as better resistance to chemical attack, heat, impact, and wear, also are used—including acetals (polyformaldehyde or polyoxymethylene), polyamides, polycarbonates, thermoplastic polyesters like poly(ethylene terephtha-late) and poly(butylene terephthalate), and modified poly(phenylene oxide),... 

Another comparatively recent development is poly(butylene terephthalate) heavily filled for electroplating applications. For a plastic it has unusually high density and so gives components much heavier than would be made with conventional unfilled polymers. In some instances this is regarded as desirable—the heavier mouldings are closer in weight and in feel to components cast or machined from metal. Since they are more familiar they are perceived to be of better quality—a concept apparently quite important for uses such as bathroom fittings and plumbers requisites. 

Poly(butylene terephthalate) is a hydrophobic plastic material widely used in automotive ignition systems. 

Among polyesters synthesized from 1,4-benzenedicarboxylic acid and aliphatic diols, poly (ethylene terephthalate) (PET) and poly (butylene terephthalate) (PBT) are the most frequently applied ones. Hydrolysis is evidently the easiest chemical recycling technique of polyesters, however they may be mixed with other waste plastics, thus it is useful to know the properties of their pyrolysis product. 

Ethylene-vinyl acetate (EVA) polymers (containing 65%-70% by weight of vinyl acetate) are of industrial interest as high-molecular weight plasticizers for PVC, mainly because of their low cost. A polymeric plasticizer PB-3041 available from Du Pont allows the preparation of a highly permanent plasticized PVC formulation. It is believed to be a terpolymer of ethylene, vinyl, acetate, and carbon monoxide. Also, butylene terephthalate-tetrahydrofuran block copolymers, with the trade name of Hytrel (Du Pont), are used as excellent permanent plasticizers of PVC. 

Heat deflection temperature for glass fiber reinforced engineering plastics over 500 K Poly(ether ether ketone) (PEEK), Nylon 6,6, poly(ethylene terephthalate), poly(butylene terephthalate)... 

Izod impact strength is very important characteristic of the engineering plastics.The izod impact strength(notched,J/m) of injection molded test pieces was 92 J/m which was lower than , but higher than those of poly(butylene terephthalate) and glass fiber reinforced . 

Polyesters. Main chain of their macromolecules is characterized by repeated — CO—O— groups. Unsaturated polyester resins are thermosets used mainly for manufacturing glass fibre-reinforced plastics products. The most wide-spread type of thermoplastic polyesters are polymers of an aromatic dicarboxylic acid (mainly terephthalic acid) and an aliphatic diol (e. g. ethyleneglycol or butanediol). The most important representatives of this group are poly(ethylene terephthalate) and poly-(butylene terephthalate). Polyarylate aromatic polyester is a high-temperature thermoplastic of an aromatic dicarboxylic acid (terephthalic acid) and an aromatic diol (bisphenol-A). In the chemical sense, polycarbonate is also a polyester. 

Poly (ethylene terephthalate) (PET) was first introduced as a synthetic fibre when flameretarded by grafting with bromostyrene. Later PET and poly(butylene terephthalate) (PBT) emerged as engineering plastics, so that their more effective flame-retardance became of crucial importance. Diphenyls and diphenyl oxides at different degrees of bromination as well as brominated polymeric flame-retardants have been proposed (e.g. PBB-PA, Dead Sea PO 64 P, Great Lakes.) ... 

Terephthalic acid forms linear polyesters with diols. Saturated linear polyesters are thermoplastics to be processed into fibres, films, and more recently, into engineering plastics by injection moulding and blow moulding. Poly(ethylene terephthalate) and poly(butylene terephthalate) are the most important representatives of thermoplastic polyesters. Possibilities for their flame-retardance are discussed in Section 5.I.3.4. 

In terms of tonnage and use, poly(ethylene terephthalate) is these days virtually a commodity plastic, with widespread, large volume, use in food packaging, beverage bottle and fibres. Other aromatic polyesters have increased in volume production over the last decade or so, such as poly( butylene terephthalate) and poly(ethylene naphthalate). There is also the promise of large quantity use of the most recently commercialised member of the family, poly (trimethylene terephthalate). 

Polyester is the category of polymers with ester functional group on the main chain, although there are many types of polyester, the term polyester in industries specifically refers to poly(ethylene terephthalate) (PET) and poly(butylene terephthalate) (PBT). Polyesters can be classified as thermoplastic or thermosetting depending on the chemical stmctures. Table 1 shows the industrial production of polyesters, and it is estimated that the production will exceed 50 million tonnes by the year of 2015. Polyesters are made from chemical substances found mainly in petroleum and are mainly manufactured into fibers, films, and plastics. These polyesters are abbreviated as wiGT, where m denotes the number of methylene groups for example, PET, PTT, and PBT are abbreviated as 2GT, 3GT, and 4GT, respectively. 

In the early 1990s unpainted plastic mirror housings started to appear in automobiles. The optional electric mirror on the 1991 Chevrolet Blazer and GMC Jimmy was molded in color with polycarbonate and poly(butylene terephthalate) blend (PC/PBT). The technology was a joint development between GE Australia... 

Selected chemolysis processes for PET are illustrated in Figure 9.8 and tabulated in Table 9.6. These reactions yield either the original monomers or products that can be converted to other monomers. Hydrolysis can be effectively used with PET and polyurethane waste plastics in feedstock recovery (Zia et al., 2007). Reaction conditions employed are varied and these selected references do not cover them exhaustively. Aromatic polyesters, PET and poly(butylene terephthalate), have been studied intensively for feedstock recovery. PET is extensively used in soda bottles and less than 30% of the product is mechanically recycled. 

Poly(butylene terephthalate) (PBT) is produced in a much smaller voliune than PET. However, PBT is more widely accepted as an injection-moldable engineering plastic in the large automotive and electronic markets due to its faster crystallization rate (Pratt and Hobbs 1976). Hence, PBT is more commonly employed in the formulation of blends also. PBT has generally been preferred over PET in the engineering plastics arena because of its superior processability, faster crystallization rate, shorter molding cycles, and better properties (DTUL/impact balance) in the molded parts, particularly in the unfilled form. Nevertheless, PET is also used to... 

Ultradur B Poly(butylene terephthalate), PBT, and impact-modified PBT BASF Plastics... 

Valox 200 Poly(butylene terephthalate) unreinforced, PBT GE Plastics... 

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