Bureau of Mines laboratory

In view of the unusual structure of these complexes, it will be useful to begin with a general review of their properties, structure, and formation. The serendipitous preparation of the first member of this class of compounds was reported in 1958 by workers at the Bureau of Mines laboratories at Bruceton, Pennsylvania (2) ... 

The oldest information on the subject is in early patents of BASF on alkahzed Co catalysts, and the patents by Fischer and Tropsch on the so called synthol process. More recently, several papers by the Bureau of Mines Laboratory S have demonstrated that an interesting amount of oxygenates can be produced with standard alkali-promoted Fe catalysts, when proper reaction conditions are chosen and when the catalyst is properly run in . 

In the meantime Seth Neddermeyer, whose implosion experimentation group Parsons inherited, had visited a U.S. Bureau of Mines laboratory at Bruceton, Pennsylvania, to experiment with high explosives. Edwin McMillan, who was interested in implosion, went with the Caltech physicist ... 

Solvent Extraction. The industrial separation of tantalum from niobium was carried out historicahy by the Marignac process of fractional crystallization of potassium heptafluorotantalate and potassium heptafluoroniobate (15,16) or the long-estabhshed Fansteel process (17), which involved the decomposition of the ore by a caustic fusion procedure. Processors have replaced these expensive processes by procedures based on solvent extraction. This technique was developed in the United States at Ames Laboratory and the U.S. Bureau of Mines (18). Figure 2 shows the flow sheet of an industrial instahation for the hydrometahurgical processing of tantalum—niobium raw materials. 

Energy Use Patterns in Metallurgical and Non-Metallic Mineral Processing, Phase 6—Eow Priorif Commodities, final report to U.S. Bureau of Mines, BatteUe Columbus Laboratory, Columbus, Ohio, July 1976. 

Laboratory procedures for proximate and ultimate analyses are given in the Annual Book of ASTM Standards (Sec. 5, American Society for Testing and Materials, Conshohocken, Pa., 1994) and in Methods of Analyzing and Testing Coal and Coke (U.S. Bureau of Mines Bulletin 638, 1967). 

Wm. Haynes The nickel carbide formation has been reversed. That is,nickel carbide has been eliminated by hydrogen treatment in some of the laboratory tests at the Bureau of Mines, and catalyst activity has been restored that way. In the pilot plant, however, we have not been able to achieve any such regeneration of the catalyst. 

The Bureau of Mines, within the Department of the Interior, funds a substantial amount of chemical engineering research in its in-house laboratories, particularly in the area of hydrometallrugical separation processes. The U.S. minerals industry is currently in a depressed state typified by diminished research efforts within industrial laboratories and, in some cases, wholesale termination of research operations. As a result, new researchers have bleak prospects for industrial employment. At the same time, the United States cannot afford to lose a professional generation of research persormel in an area that would be of critical importance if foreign supplies of certain metals were interrupted. 

Mitchell CW, Y ant WP. 1925. Correlation of the data obtained from refinery accidents with a laboratory study of hydrogen sulfide and its treatment. From Investigation of toxic gases from Mexican and other high-sulfur petroleums and products. Smith etal. 1925. Report by the Dept of the Interior, Bureau of Mines, to the American Petroleum Institute, Washington, DC, US Government Printing Office, pp 59-80. 

Stein, L., Shearer, J. A., Hohorst, F. A., and Markun, F., Development of a Radiochemical Method for Analyzing Radon Gas in Uranium Mines, Report USBM-H0252019, prepared for the U. S. Bureau of Mines by Argonne National Laboratory, Argonne, IL, January 1977, 78 pp. 

Geophysics Division, Denver Research Center, U.S. Bureau of Mines, Department of the Interior, Denver, CO 80225 Environmental Measurement Laboratory, Department of Energy, New York, NY 10014... 

The Bureau of Mines, Denver Research Center and the Department of Energy, Environmental Measurement Laboratory, developed through parallel efforts, two closely related techniques for the measurement of 218p0 (RaA) diffusion coefficient spectra. This work was prompted by reports in the past 5 years indicating that the diffusion coefficient of unattached 218Po may vary due to various physical and chemical factors in different environments. The diffusion coefficient is important because it affects the amount and site of 218Po deposition in the respiratory tract. 

Several workers have reported that bulk carbide does not form readily during normal FTS conditions.76 82 Bureau of Mines work, using laboratory XRD measurements, showed that detectable amounts of bulk carbide were not formed under synthesis conditions.82... 

The U.S. Bureau of Mines-Spokane Research Center is conducting research on the environmental impacts of placing mine wastes underground as backfill. This work includes a review of residual cyanide in placed landfill, water quality monitorings at two mines and laboratory tests of cyanide fate in underground environments and permeability/leachate effects through cemented tailings. 

George A. Burrell, a former director of the Bureau of Mines Pittsburgh laboratory, was selected by Manning to be in charge of... 

The branch laboratory established at Yale University was given responsibility for testing the toxicity of samples prepared by the group of chemists organized by Reid. Throughout 1917, Yandell Henderson, a Yale physiologist and a consultant to the Bureau of Mines, directed the activities of the staff of about 50 civilian and military personnel at this station (24). 

The moisture and gas content of charcoals and the activation of charcoal for use in gas masks was the major project undertaken by the branch laboratory at Princeton University. George A. Hullet, a professor of physical chemistry at the University, directed a staff of 14 chemists who as soldiers were stationed there during the war. Fred Neher, an organic chemist, was assisted by three graduate students employed by the Bureau of Mines in the synthesis of several compounds suggested by E. Emmet Reid (27). ... 

Chloroacetophenone was among the many samples of possible war gases prepared by E. Emmet Reid and sent to the Bureau of Mines in 1917. Because there were no testing facilities for lachryma-tors until the central laboratory was completed, the value of this compound as a tear gas went unnoticed. It was January, 1918, before the results of the physiological tests were reported which showed chloroacetophenone to be superior to any other tear gas in use at the time (23). The Johns Hopkins University branch laboratory, in cooperation with a unit at American University then developed a method of synthesis. Although chloroacetophenone was not produced in quantity before the war ended, it became the standard tear gas used by civilian police after the war (38). 

The 1970 Bureau of Mines report stimulated research in several industrial and academic laboratories. 

On his way home from the Netherlands he studied mining and metallurgy in the Harz, and in 1727 he was placed in charged of the chemical laboratory at the Bureau of Mines in Stockholm, which was then in poor financial condition. After the laboratory was sold, Brandt and his students Henrik Teofil Scheffer and Axel Fredrik Cronstedt carried on their epoch-making researches at the Royal Mint, and in 1730 Brandt became assay master of the Mint. Three years later he published a systematic investigation of arsenic and its compounds in which he showed that arsenic is a semi-metal and that white arsenic [arsenious oxide] is its calx (35). 

In 1782 Hjelm was made Assay Master of the Royal Mint at Stockholm, and twelve years later he became Director of the Chemistry Laboratory at the Bureau of Mines. He died in that city on October 7, 1813 (7). 

A.J. Clear, "Standard Laboratory Procedures for Determining Sensitivity, Brisance and Stability of Explosives", PATR 3278 (Dec 1965) [Superseding PATR FRL-TR-25 (l )6l] Impact Test with Picatinny Arsenal Apparatus (pp 2-4 and Figs 1, 2, 3 4, pp 32-35) Impact Test with US Bureau of Mines Apparatus (pp 4-7 and Figs 5, 6 7, pp... 

Brief mention of impact machines is made under Physical Tests in Vol 1, p XVII. Because there are many literature references to the following impact machines, and not because they are inherently better than any others, we will now describe the following Explosives Research Laboratory (ERL), Rotter, Bureau of Mines (BOM) Picatinny Arsenal (PicnArsn)... 

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