Bread mold

Prior to 1941, mj/o-inositol was often determined by isolation, as such or as the hexaacetate.87 The isolated inositol was weighed, or was oxidized to carbon dioxide (which was measured in a gas buret).92 In 1941, Woolley98 published his microbiological method, in which the yeast Saccharomyces cerevisiae was used as a test organism. Soon afterward, there appeared an improved procedure, using Saccharomyces carlsbergensis,9i 96 and an additional method based on the discovery of an inositol-less mutant of the common bread-mold, Neurospora crassa.96-98 Plundreds of types of foods,... 

Although all of the amino acids listed in Table SO-1 are present in the proteins of the human body, not all of them need to be in the food. Experiments have been carried out which show that nine of the amino acids are essential to man. 1 hese nine essential amino acids are histidine, lysine, tryptophan, phenylalanine, leucine, isoleucine, threonine, methionine, and valine. The human body seems to be able to manufacture the others, which are called the non-essential amino acids. Some organisms that we usually consider to be simpler than man have greater powers than the human organism, in that they are able to manufacture all of the amino acids from inorganic constituents. The red bread mold, Neurospora, has this power. 

Rhizopus nigricans (Mucor stolonifer), commonly known as Black Mold or Black Bread Mold, is frequently found on bread, jellies, syrups, acetic pharmaceutical extracts and other substrata, where it forms a dense thready mycelium bearing numerous black tiny spore cases. The source of this mold is the spores, which are found in the air or water with which the attacked substratum is... 

A. Fleming s credited 1929 discovery of a fungal (common bread mold) metabolite from Pmicillium notatum that demonstrated potent bactericidal effects. Termed penicillin, this antibiotic was not isolated and purified until the period of World War II (1939-1945), when two scientists,... 

In A Thousand Miles of Mustangin , about a horse-gathering expedition down into the parts of Old Mexico in times past, Ben Green reminds us of the very common origins of penicillin. Here, an Indian medicine woman used bread mold to cure an infected horse bite on Ben s arm. Another annotation is that the ancient Chinese would induce a mold on a sliced orange half and use this against infections. 

Over 100 years ago, Raulin (1869) demonstrated that zinc was necessary for the growth of a black bread mold, Aspergillus niger. Subsequently, the essentiality of zinc was established for highly developed plant life (Sommer and Lipman 1926), and animals (Todd et al. 1934). 

Common Names the Black Pin Mold the Black Bread Mold... 

Class Ascomycetes Order Xylariates Family Sordariaceae Common Names Pink Mold Red Bread Mold... 

The red bread mold belongs to the Neurospora crassa complex. The pink mold seen in mushroom culture is most frequently Neurospora sitophila. a pernicious contaminant that is difficult to eliminate. 

Rhizopus stolonifer. the black bread mold, is also utilized in the commerical production of fu-maric acid and cortisone. Other species in the genus secrete assorted alcohols and acids as metabolic waste products. 

In 1941, George W. Beadle (1903-89) and Edward L. Tatum (1909-75), working at Stanford University, discovered that specific mutations of a bread mold, induced by X-rays or UV light, cause the mold to lose its ability to synthesize specific molecules such as pyridoxine (vitamin Bg). This led them to propose the one gene-one enzyme theory. At that time, the chemical nature of the gene was unknown, although proteins were the prime suspects. Beadle and Tatum would later share the... 

For packaged bread mold growth and insect Infestation are the biggest threats. Here the company s developmental ReNovus additive, used at 3% % in PE bread bag film, inhibits mold and Insect activity by migrating to the inner surface of the bag, reportedly lengthening shelf life to several weeks... 

Developmental bread mold inhibitor (trade name ReNovus), supplier product fact sheet. Phoenix Plastics Co., Inc. 

Bread mold A fungus with complex mycelia composed of aseptate hyphae with chitin-ous cross walls. 

Zygospore In bread molds, a thick-walled, resistant, spore-producing structure enclosing a zygote. 

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