Bottle test

The dielectric constant can be used as a criterion for screening, ranking, and selecting demulsifiers for emulsion breaking. In a study, the dielectric constants of emulsions and demulsifiers were measured using a portable capacitance meter, and bottle tests were conducted according to the API specification [18]. The results showed that the dielectric constants can be used effectively to screen and rank demulsifiers, whereas a confirmatory bottle test should be conducted... 

DEMULSIFICATION TESTS. Demulsification tests were conducted using standard bottle test procedures to evaluate the relative performance of Thin Film Spreading Agents in coalescing emulsions of formation brine in crude oil under reservoir conditions. 

The use of a battery of environmental bioassays for the management of hazardous wastes is applied in the Czech Republic [176]. This battery of environmental bioassays has included representatives of producers, consumers, and destructors D. magna (possible substitution by D. pulex), acute, reproduction, chronic test Scenedesmus quadricauda S. capricomutum), as bottle test or in microwell plates Poecillia reticulate (Danio rerio), acute, chronic, embryolarval tests 5. alba (Lactuca sativa), germination test, 72 hours. 

Scenedesmus quadricauda (Selenastrum capricornutum) as bottle test or in microwell plates ... 

The standard ASTM D2585 filament wound pressurized bottle test method utilizes a 0.15-m (5.75-in.)intemal diameter filament wound bottle as the test article. This standard test method (with variation in bottle sizes) has been used extensively by the rocket motor industry [47-50] to evaluate glass, aramid, and graphite fiber composite vessel performance. This test method has generally shown good results, but is a relatively expensive test method. Testing of one 0.5-m (20-in.) diameter bottle can cost up to 20K. Other disadvantages are ... 

Fill in clean bottles tested for microbial contamination. 

Figure 9.6 Biodegradability of structurally related antineoplastics [113] (CBT— closed bottle test ZWT = Zahn-Wellens test).

Al-Ahmad, A., Ktimmerer, K. and Schon, G. (1997) Biodegradation and toxicity of the antineoplastics mitoxantron hydrochloride and treosulfane in the Closed Bottle Test (OECD 301 D). Bull. Environ. Contam. Toxicol., 58 (5), 704—711. 

Kiimmerer, K., Steger-Hartmann, T., Baranyai, A. and Burhaus, 1. (1996) Examination of the biodegradation of the antineoplastics cyclophosphamide and ifosfamide with the Closed Bottle Test (OECD 301 D). Zentratbl. Hyg. Umweltmed., 198 (3), 215-225. 

Roberts, D.J., Rabke, S. and Bernier, R. (2005) Evaluation of marine sediment qualities and their effect on the marine closed bottle test for testing biodegradability of synthetic drilling mud base fluids. SPE 94430 SPE/EPA//DOE Exploration and Production Environmental Conference 7-9 March 2005, Galveston, TX. Society of Petroleum Engineers, Richardson, TX, pp. 7. 

By far, the most successful means of selecting chemicals involves adding the various chemicals to samples of the emulsion and observing the results. Hus is commonly called-the bottle test. Fig. 4. It is not a foolproof approach but run by a competent person with sufficient care, it will give a good answer. There has been much criticism of the bottle test, but this stems mostly from a lack of understanding of the test. 

Because of the variety of factors influencing settling time, it will vary considerably from one system to another. Preliminary bottle tests wilt give some indication and this, combined with experience and theoretical data, will allow for a pretty good prediction of the required time. 

Schizosaccharomyces pombe 2. Set up split bottles test with... 

An empirical test in which an amount of potential foaming agent is added into a blender containing a specified volume of liquid to be foamed. After blending at a specified speed and for some specified time, the blending is halted and the extent (volume) of foam produced is measured immediately and after a period of quiescent standing. This test has many variations. See also Bottle Test. 

For emulsions, foams, or water treatment, see Bottle Test. A dispersion technique in which a jet of liquid is directed... 

A microemulsion that has a high water content and is stable while in contact with a bulk oil phase, and in laboratory tube or bottle tests tends to be situated at the bottom of the tube, underneath the oil phase. For chlorinated organic liquids, which are denser than water, the oil is at the bottom phase rather than the top. See Microemulsion, Winsor-Type Emulsions. 

A microemulsion that has high oil and water content and is stable while in contact with either bulk oil or bulk water phases. This stability can be caused by a bi-continu-ous structure in which both oil and water phases are simultaneously continuous. In laboratory tube or bottle tests involving samples containing unemulsified oil and water, a middle-phase microemulsion tends to situate between the two phases. See also Winsor Type Emulsions. 

Biodegradation test methods By using the test method summaries of Table 7.1, explain the differences in concept of CEC and Close bottle test. Why the presence of additives (nitrogen and phosphorus excluded) in the lubricants is known to have a significant effect on the rate of biodegradation ... 

Testing codes within the scenario of a fully developed fire are based on intermediate, large, or full-scale testing. Specimens are typically in the dimension of several square meters and often, real components such as building columns are tested, or the whole product in the case of gas bottles. Tests like the small-scale test furnace based on specimens of 500 mm x 500 mm are exceptions. Intensive flame application or the use of furnaces realizing standard time-temperature curves are used to simulate the characteristics of fully developed fires. Thus, in particular the heat impact of convection and the surface temperature are clearly greater than in the tests discussed earlier. The fire properties investigated are often resistance to fire, or the fire or temperature penetration. 

Ready Closed bottle test (67/S48/EEC) EC V.C.4-E ISO N. 160 OECD 301D 02 only 60% or greater... 

---