Blood meal protein composition

Legume forages, such as alfalfa or clover, are considered high quaHty, readily available protein sources. Animal sources of supplemental protein include meat and bone meal blood meal, 80% CP fish meal other marine products and hydroly2ed feathermeal, 85—90% CP. Additionally, synthetic amino acids are available commercially. Several sources (3,9,19) provide information about the protein or amino acid composition of feedstuffs. 

Lipoproteins complexes are soluble aggregates of lipids and proteins that transport lipids through the blood and lymph. Despite their differences in lipid and protein composition, all lipoproteins share common structural features, notably a spherical shape that can be detected by electron microscopy. The lipoproteins help maintain in solubilized form some 500 mg of total lipid per 100 mL of human blood in the postabsorptive state, after the contents of a meal have been digested and absorbed into the bloodstream. 

The extraction method depends on the extraction of amino acids from the acid hyrolysates of proteins. Although the method was commercialized for amino acid production (proline, serine, tyrosine, etc), the availability of raw materials like hair, feather, keratin, blood meal, etc is usually a limiting factor. Moreover, the yield of amino acids depends on the amino acid composition of the raw material. 

The protein composition of cereals is not snfflcient to sustain optimnm growth in most domestic animals. Thus, cereals are supplemented with protein meals that contain high amonnts of lysine and tryptophan. The most common protein meals are soybean, cottonseed, canola, and meat and fish meal. The use of meat and bone meal, and other animal protein meals snch as dried blood, is prohibited in several parts of the world because its consumption has been associated with mad cow disease. 

Experimental. A second study was conducted with nine postmenopausal women age 51-65 yr. The subjects were fed standardized meals for 19 weeks. The mean composition for the 7-day menus of natural foods as % of total calories was 15% protein, 50% carbohydrate, 35% fat with a P/S ratio of 0.7, 10 g/day crude fiber, and less than 300 mg/day cholesterol. In addition, the diets supplied 1289 mg calcium, 1832 mg phosphorus, 2561 mg sodium and 5099 mg potassium daily. The diets met the RDA for all other nutrients. Calorie levels were adjusted to maintain body weight. The experimental meals were fed during the last six weeks of this 19-week period. No more than one liquid meal was consumed by each subject in one week. Fasting and postprandial samples of blood and urine were collected as in the previous study. Diuresis was induced by scheduled consumption of water. 

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