Bladder lesion

Koss LG, Myron R, Melamed MR, Kelly RE Further cytologic and histologic studies of bladder lesions in workers exposed to para-aminodiphenyl progress report. J Natl Cancer... 

Barsotti M, Vigliani EC Bladder lesions from aromatic amines. AMA Arch Ind Hyg Occup Med 5 234-241, 1952... 

Cardy RH, Lijinsky W, Hilderbrandt PW Neoplastic and non-plastic urinary bladder lesions induced in Fischer 344 rats and B6C3F1, hybrid mice by N-nitrosodiphenylamine. Ectotoxicol Environ Safety 3 29-35, 1979... 

Elwell, M.R., Duimick, J.K., Brown, H.R. Montgomery, C.A. (t989) Kidney and urinary bladder lesions in F344/N rats and B6C3F1 mice after 13 weeks of 2,2-bis (bromomethyl)-... 

Garrigos J, Auladell A, Perez P, Garcia J, Matoses M, Marcos M, Linares A. Lesiones vesicates calcificades secun-darias a instilacion de mitomicina C. [Calcified bladder lesions secondary to the instillation of mitomycin C.j Arch Esp Urol 1991 44 1057-60. 

Celis JE et al. Proteomics and immuno-histochemistry define some of the steps involved in the squamous differentiation of the bladder transitional epithelium a novel strategy for identifying metaplastic lesions. Cancer Res 1999 59 3003-3009. 

Intravesical infusion of linear PEI/pDNA polyplexes was evaluated in patients with superficial bladder cancer where intravesical therapy with bacillus Calmette-Guerin had failed [6, 224]. Patients had low grade superficial bladder cancer, which expressed H19. The therapeutic pDNA contains H19 gene regulatory sequences that drive the expression of an intracellular toxin. Escalating doses of 2-20 mg plasmid per intravesical treatment were applied, with responders continuing to receive polyplexes once a month every month for 1 year. The treatment resulted in complete ablation of the marker tumor, without any new tumors in four of the 18 patients (22% overall complete response rate). Eight of the 18 patients (44%) had complete marker tumor ablation or a 50% reduction of the marker lesion. 

Sidi AA, Ohana P, Benjamin S, Shalev M, Ransom JH, Lamm D, Hochberg A, Leibovitch I (2008) Phase I/II marker lesion study of intravesical BC-819 DNA plasmid in H19 over expressing superficial bladder cancer refractory to bacillus Calmette-Guerin. J Urol 180 2379-2383... 

Technical-grade PCP was related to decreased body weight and feed conversion efficiency, anemia, enlarged liver and lungs, decreased thymus weight, and lesions in urinary bladder mucosa. Holsteins exposed to analytical grade PCP were comparable to controls. The toxicity of PCP in cattle seems to be due to its contamination with toxic impurities, especially dioxins (McConnell etal. 1980 Parker etal. 1980)... 

Renal Effects. Renal effects have not been observed in humans following exposure to -hexane. Histopathological examination of the kidney and urinary bladder showed no treatment-related lesions in B6C3F, mice exposed via inhalation to -hexane at concentrations up to 10,000 ppm for 6 hours a day,... 

Renal lesions have been produced in mice by dermal application of JP-5 or marine diesel fuel. The inability to duplicate these lesions with intraperitoneal administration suggested that skin application, in particular the alteration of skin following repeated dermal application, was necessary to produce the renal toxicity, and that the renal effects appeared to be secondary to skin injury (Easley et al. 1982). Lymphocytic inflammation has been induced in the urinary bladder of mice with chronic dermal application of JP-5 or marine diesel fuel (NTP/NIH 1986). However, acute and intermediate dermal exposures to kerosene and JP-5, respectively, were not toxic to the renal system of mice (Upreti et al. 

PBNA has been tested for carcinogenicity in a number of species without conclusive results. There was no evidence of carcinogenic activity in male or female rats or in male mice fed 2500 or 5000 ppm in the diet for 2 years. The lack of carcinogenicity in rats may be related to an inability to metabolize PBNA to the known animal and human urinary bladder carcinogen P-naphthylamine. There was equivocal evidence for carcinogenicity in female mice, as indicated by the occurrence of two rare kidney tumors. Chemical-related non-neoplastic lesions, including nephropathy, karyomegaly, and hyperplasia, occurred in the kidneys of both species. 

Shirahama T. Cyclooxygenase-2 expression is up-regulated in transitional cell carcinoma and its preneoplastic lesions in the human urinary bladder. Clin Cancer Res 2000 6 2424—2430. 

Hirose M, Inoue T, Asamoto M, et al. 1986. Comparison of the effects of 13 phenolic compounds in induction of proliferative lesions of the forestomach and increase in the labeling indices of the glandular stomach and urinary bladder epithelium of Syrian golden hamsters. Carcinogenesis 7(8)... 

Huang Bai is bitter and cold, and enters the Kidney and Bladder meridians. It can dry dampness and reduce heat in the Lower-Jiao. It is suitable for use when the joints in the lower part of the body are red, warm and swollen and the skin lesions are red, itchy and weeping. 

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