Biodegradable polyesters applications

Pitt, C. G., Marks, T. A., and Schindler, A., Biodegradable drug delivery systems based on aliphatic polyesters application to contraceptives and narcotic antagonists, in Controlled Release of Bioactive Materials (R. Baker, ed.). Academic Press, New York, 1980, pp. 19-43. 

Brandi, H., Gross, R. A., Lenz, R. W., and Fuller, R. C. 1988. Pseudomonas oleovorans as a source of poly(P-hydroxyalkanoates) for potential applications as biodegradable polyesters. Appl. Environ. Microbiol.,54,1977-1982. 

Ikada, Y. Tsuji, H., Biodegradable polyesters for medical and ecological applications. Macromol. Rapid Commun. 1999, 21(3), 117-132... 

Most of the commonly used degradable polymer scaffolds are mechanically strong, but for certain applications such as engineering muscles and tendons, which require considerable elasticity, these polymers are not optimal. Novel biodegradable polyesters have been developed with superior elasticity and strength that resemble vulcanized rubber and are hence termed as biorubber. Scaffolds made with these mechanically functional materials may be useful especially in engineering elastic tissue such as muscular-skeletal tissues and blood vessels. 

The ring-opening polymerization (ROP) of cyclic esters can be used to generate biodegradable polyesters such as poly(caprolactone) (PCL), poly(hydroxybutyrate) (PHB), and poly(lactic acid) (PLA) in a controlled fashion. Of these polyesters PLA is the most widely used, for applications ranging from food packaging to automotive parts. ... 

DeLuca, P.P., et al., Biodegradable polyesters for drug and polypeptide delivery, in M.A. El-Nokaly, D.M. Piatt, and B.A. Charpentier. Polymeric Delivery Systems Properties and Applications. Washington, DC American Chemical Society, 1993, pp 53-79,... 

Bonartsev, A. R et al. Biosynthesis, biodegradation, and application of poly(3-hy-droxybutyrate) and its copolymers natural polyesters produced by diazotrophic bacteria. Comm. Current Res. Educat Topics Trends Appl. Microbiol Ed. Mendez-VUas, A. Formatex, Spain 2007,1, 295-307. 

We can classify the different biodegradable and bio-based polymers into two major families agropolymers (categoiy a) and biodegradable polyesters (categories b and c). To illustrate the latter, the next section focuses on the description of biodegradable polyesters, from synthesis to application. 

MAJOR APPLICATIONS Films, formulation of copolymers, biodegradable polyesters, formulation of elastomeric block copolyesters, formation of diol for extension by diisocyanate. 

After discussing the synthesis and the processing of biodegradable polyesters in the previous sections, herein, their applications will be reviewed. Biomedical applications and their use in packaging materials constitute the major application areas. However, the use of biodegradable polyesters is not limited to these research fields as will become clear in the upcoming section. 

Multilayer co-extrusion is another technique used in the preparation of starch/ synthetic sheets or films [164, 263-266], in which TPS is laminated with appropriate biodegradable polymers to improve the mechanical, water-resistance and gas-barrier properties of final products. These products have shown potential for applications such as food packaging and disposable product manufacture. Three-layer co-extrusion is most often practiced, in which a co-extrusion line consists of two single-screw extruders (one for the inner starch layer and the other for the outer polymer layers) a feedblock a coat-hanger-type sheet die and a three-roll calendering system [164]. Biodegradable polyesters such as PCL [164, 264], PLA [164, 263], and polyesteramide, PBSA and poly(hydroxybutyrate-co-valerate) [164] are often used for the outer layers. These new blends and composites are extending the utilization of starch-based materials into new value-added products. 

Ikada Y. and Tsuji, H. (2(XX)) Biodegradable polyesters for mediceil and ecologicril applications. Macro-molecular Rapid Cottrmunications, 21, 117-132. 

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