Beneficial health effects

Trilinolenin is an omega-3 polyunsaturated fat. This type of fat, like trilineolin, has been linked to a number of beneficial health effects, and it is an antioxidant. It is found in oils such as soybean oil and linseed oil. 

Phytochemicals have little nutritional value and do not get absorbed in the body, but they seem to turn on certain switches in the biochemical mechanisms, which signal the beneficial pathways to maintain health, and to turn off the switches which proceed to adverse biochemical pathways. Rice bran products have demonstrated significant benefits as nutritional therapies in diabetes, hyperlipidemia, cancer, fatty liver, hypercalcuria and heart disease. There is experimental and clinical evidence for the beneficial health effects of the following bioactives of rice bran ... 

Due to their beneficial health effects and economic importance, the reduction of drug inputs into the environment through restricting or banning their use is not possible. Moreover, the use of pharmaceutical compounds is expected to grow with... 

Inability in most instances to detect potential beneficial health effects from reduced exposure to chemicals due to the chronic nature and multifactorial etiologies of the conditions in question. 

Psyllium is an excellent dietary source for both soluble and insoluble fibers and has been used in supplemental and food products for its beneficial health effects. The strong water-absorbing and gelling capacities have made it a great challenge to incorporate psyllium in foods at the level needed to claim health benefits on the label. This review is focused on the approaches to improve the functionality. 

It is well accepted that the soluble fiber is the primary contributor for the beneficial health effects of psyllium especially the cholesterollowering activity, while the insoluble fiber may also have a contribution. The effects of solid-state enzymatic treatment on fiber contents were investigated for the modified psyllium. Shearzyme 500 L, Viscozyme L, and Pentopan Mono BG treatments all caused loss of soluble fiber under... 

Marine organisms represent a valuable source of nutraceuticals and functional compounds. The biodiversity of the marine environment and the associated chemical diversity constitute a practically unlimited resource of novel active substances for the development of bioactive products. Recently, a great deal of interest has been expressed in marine-derived bioactive peptides because of their numerous beneficial health effects. Moreover, several studies have reported that marine bioactive peptides can be used as... 

Miyashita, K. and Hosokawa, M. (2008). Beneficial health effects of seaweed carotenoid, fucoxanthin. In "Marine Nutraceuticals and Functional Foods", (C. Barrow and... 

Therefore, when COX-associated biochemical reactions are intensively associated with EPA due to increased EPA levels and decreased proinflammatory AA levels, less harmful and significantly reduced inflammatory status can be expected. Thus, increased n-3 PUFA levels compared to n-6 PUFA can impart significant beneficial health effects against inflammation. Also, it has been recently suggested that increased n-3 PUFA levels in patients can improve the outcome of critically ill patients (Ott et al., 2011). 

Additionally there is an increasing interest in carotenoids because of their potentially beneficial health effects, such as provitamin A, anticarcinogenic, antiulcer, antiaging, and antioxidant properties and increased immune responses (27,28). Because the vitamin A potential of cis isomers is less than those of their all-trans counterparts, it is important to distinguish and quantify the various forms (29). According to reports and clinical studies carotenes may be important in the prevention of some forms of cancer (30). Since the National Cancer Institute has recommended an increased intake of food high in carotenoids (31), more detailed information about the carotenoid composition of foodstuffs is desirable. 

As flavonoids are ubiquitous components of fruits and vegetables, they are part of almost any human diet. The identification of potential targets for the beneficial health effects of flavonoids exponentially increased over the years. The physiological relevance of the interactions of flavonoids with cell... 

Direct proof regarding whether antimutagenic or anticarcinogenic effects also occur in humans under normal dietary conditions can only be obtained from studies with humans. Indeed, epidemiological studies indicate that consumption of fruits and vegetables is inversely associated with the risk of cancer. In particular, brassica vegetables such as cabbage, brussels sprouts, and broccoli have been attributed with beneficial health effects in humans. 

Despite the apparently beneficial health effects of flavonoids, several studies indicate their mutagenicity and genotoxicity in mammalian systems. This may be due to their activity as pro-... 

The current consensus is that the contemporary low-dose preparations pose minimal risks in women who have no predisposing risk factors and, in fact, may provide certain beneficial health effects (e.g., protection against endometrial and ovarian cancer). Oral contraceptive pills have been associated with increased risk for myocardial infarction, stroke, and venous thromboembolism. However, studies have been published that suggest that these risks are minimal in appropriately chosen low-risk women. 

Ozone is an extremely reactive chemical. Its reaction with alkenes was discussed in Section 11.11. Although it is considered a pollutant in the lower atmosphere, its presence in the upper atmosphere has beneficial health effects due to its absorption of ultraviolet light. 

This is a heavier oil used in soaps and cosmetics but less favoured for massage unless blended with less viscous oils. It is traditionally used as a culinary oil, with many researched beneficial health effects due to the high level of monounsaturated fatty acids. Fatty acid composition is oleic (75.5%), palmitic (11%), linoleic (8%), stearic (2.7%), palmitoleic (1.2%) and linolenic (0.7%). 

Olive oil aromatized with chili pepper is a common condiment in the Mediterranean area. Under these conditions, transamidation of capsaicin to N-oleoylvanillamrne (olvanil, 69a) has been demonstrated [122]. Olvanil is nonpungent, but more potent as an anti-inflammatory agent than capsaicin, and one therefore wonders if olvanil might also contribute to the beneficial health effects traditionally attributed to olive oil flavored with hot pepper. 

It is widely accepted that polyphenols in wine are responsible for beneficial health effects (Sun et al. 2006). Particularly fran.y-resveratrol has been intensively studied and marked biological activities with regard to the prevention of cardiovascular disease and cancer have been reported (Ito et al. 2003). Other stilbenes also have properties similar to those of fran.y-resveratrol. Therefore, monitoring new stilbene derivatives in wine is of particular relevance (Guebailia et al. 2006). 

This review will focus on the food content of anthocyanins, their absorp-tion/metabolism, and reports of potential beneficial health effects. Other reviews have been published that deal more with the chemistry of anthocyanins. - ... 

Recently, olive oil polyphenols have gained much more attention because of their potential beneficial health effects (65, 285-287). For example, olive oil was found to improve lipid metabolism and antioxidant protection in rats fed cholesterol-rich diets (288, 289). Hydroxytyrosol was especially effective in lowering the levels of hydroperoxides, DNA damage, and mRNA levels of the antioxidant enzyme, glutathione peroxidase (290). 

Exposure to nephrotoxicants not only occurs in the clinical setting, but also occurs from environmental sources. Environmental nephrotoxicants are defined as nephrotoxicants found in the natural, home, and/ or work environment which have no therapeutic utility. Unlike therapeutic nephrotoxicants, which are administered to obtain a beneficial health effect, exposure to environmental nephrotoxicants usually... 

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