Basic design

Fig. 1. Simple illustration of the basic design of the wind turbine rotor blade scanner.

I 1982. Soft Modeling. The Basic Design and Some Extensions. In Joreskog K-G and H Wold litors) Systems under Indirect Observation Volume II. Amsterdam, North-HoUand. 

The basic design of instrumentation for monitoring molecular fluorescence and molecular phosphorescence is similar to that found for other spectroscopies. The most significant differences are discussed in the following sections. 

The basic design is a direct extension of the discussion of the preceding section. 

This allows each section, as it rotates, to go through a series of operations such as filtration, dewatering, cake washing, and discharge. Two basic designs exist, depending on the method of soHds discharge. 

Ultrasonic Welding. Ultrasonic welding has been appHed to Tefzel with weld strength up to 80% of the strength of the base resin. Typical conditions include a contact pressure of 172 kPa (25 psi) and 1—2 s cycle time. The two basic designs, the shear and butt joints, employ a small initial contact area to concentrate and direct the high frequency vibrational energy. 

There are three heat-transfer modes, ie, conduction, convection, and radiation, each of which may play a role in the selection of a heat exchanger for a particular appHcation. The basic design principles of heat exchangers are also important, as are the analysis methods employed to determine the right size heat exchanger. 

Data Communication Wires. Electronic cables such as data communication wires employ three basic designs coaxial, twisted pair, and fiber optics (3,4) (Eig. 1). Coaxial cables are so named because the axis of curvature of its outer conductor is concentric to its inner central wire. The metal braiding wrapped around the insulated center wire acts as the return current conductor in addition to shielding the wire from various interferences. 

Fig. 3. Basic design of a commercial silicon solar cell.

The basic design is that of the Ostwald viscometer a U-tube with two reservoir bulbs separated by a capillary, as shown in Figure 24a. The Hquid is added to the viscometer, pulled into the upper reservoir by suction, and then allowed to drain by gravity back into the lower reservoir. The time that it takes for the Hquid to pass between two etched marks, one above and one below the upper reservoir, is a measure of the viscosity. In U-tube viscometers, the effective pressure head and therefore the flow time depend on the volume of Hquid in the instmment. Hence, the conditions must be the same for each measurement. 

Chlorine. Most processors have converted from graphite to metal anodes. The two basic designs were diaphragm ceUs, which used graphite plates as anodes, and mercury ceUs in which a layer of mercury acted as the cathode with intricately machined graphite blocks as the anode (42). 

FGG Gatalyst Goolers. Heat-removal systems have been used in commercial FCCUs since the early 1940s. The three basic designs are internal regenerator bed coils, external cods with ddute-phase upflow, and external cods with dense-phase downflow. 

Overall Heat-Transfer Coeffieient The basic design equation for a heat exchanger is... 

A thickener has several basic components a tank to contain the slurry, feed piping and a feedwell to allow the feed stream to enter the tank, a rake mechanism to assist in moving the concentrated sohds to the withdrawal points, an underflow solids-withdrawal system, and an overflow launder. The basic design of a bridge-supported thickener mechanism is illustrated in Fig. 18-86. 

Natural-circulation and convection boiler banks are the basic design features on which a line of standard industrial boilers has been developed to accommodate the diverse steam, water, and fuel requirements of the industrial market. 

Schematic elevation sec tions of a vertical cylindrical, cross-tube convection heater a horizontal-tube cabin heater and a vertical cylindrical, helical-coil heater are shown in Fig. 27-51. The seven basic designs and some variations of them are pictured and described in the reference cited above and by R. K. Johnson Combustion 50(5) 10-16, November 1978).

A subsequent study of construction features of motors for Zone 2 locations, resulted in the development of nonsparking, type n motors. The basic design consideration for such motors is similar to that of type e motors but now there is no restriction in the limiting temperature, by 10°C, as in type e motors. Frame sizes for these motors are generally the same as for general-purpose motors. Thus they tend to be smaller and less expensive than type e motors for the same output. 

These are protection CTs lor special applications such as biased differential protection, restricted ground fault protection and distance protection schemes, where it is not possible to easily identify the elass of accuracy, the accuracy limit factor and the rated burden of the CTs and where a full primary fault current is required to be transformed to the secondary without saturation, to accurately monitor the level of fault and/or unbalance. The type of application tind the relay being used determine the knee point voltage. The knee point voltage and the excitation current of the CTs now form the basic design parameters for such CTs. They are classified as class PS CTs and can be identified by the following characteristics ... 

The basic design requirement is that the pressure hull shall have the minimum possible mass compatible with surviving the design pressure. 

The equation of motion as given in terms of angular momentum can be transformed into other forms that are more convenient to understanding some of the basic design components. To understand the flow in a turbomachine, the concepts of aboslute and relative velocity must be grasped. Absolute velocity (V) is gas velocity with respect to a stationary coordinate system. Relative velocity (IV) is the velocity relative to the rotor. In turbomachinery. 

The standards define terms used in the industry and describe the basic design of the unit. It deals with the casing, rotors and shafts, wheels and blades, combustors, seals, bearings, critical speeds, pipe connections and auxiliary piping, mounting plates, weather-proofing, and acoustical treatment. 

---