Basic Design Considerations

Second pumping stage Fig. 12.4. Schematic of an early electrospray ion source design [14]. 

Note One should be aware of the fact that ESI requires analyte ions to be present in the sample solution because ESI does not actively create ions as El, Cl, FAB, FD, or MALDI do. Thus, ESI is rather a method of ion transfer than a true ionization method. Therefore, electrospray ionization (ESI) is also singly referred to as electrospray (ES) and ESI ion sources are also termed ESI interface or ES interface. 

Modem ESI sources - also termed ESI interfaces - are constructed in many variations of this basic design. [48,49] They may have a heated transfer capillary 

In this section we shall discuss flare spacing, location and height. Spacing, location and height of flares are determined by consideration of the following factors  

Radiant Heat - Acceptable levels of radiant heat density in areas where personnel may be present. 

Burning Liquid Fall-Out - The possibility of burning liquid fall-out from an 

Pollution Limitations - (i.e., smoke formation, malodorous or toxic combustion products, noise) which may be based on statutory and/or public relations requirements. 

Flare sizing is covered in some detail under a later section in this chapter, as well as sizing of the overall flare system. 

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A subsequent study of construction features of motors for Zone 2 locations, resulted in the development of nonsparking, type n motors. The basic design consideration for such motors is similar to that of type e motors but now there is no restriction in the limiting temperature, by 10°C, as in type e motors. Frame sizes for these motors are generally the same as for general-purpose motors. Thus they tend to be smaller and less expensive than type e motors for the same output. 

The items mentioned above are basic design considerations that must be considered for all specifications. Before proceeding, a list of items to be covered in the specification will help establish a format for a specification draft. These items include ... 

NFPA 69 (NFPA 1997) contains information on basic design considerations, design and operating requirements, and instrumentation requirements. Appendix D presents methods for ventilation calculations, including the time required for ventilation to reduce the concentration to a safe limit, the number of air changes required for reaching a desired... 

Basic Design Considerations for Interior Surfaces of Walls,... 

Basic Design Considerations for Building Exits and Windows... 

Basic design considerations Correct air/fuel ratio... 

With this presentation on pneumatic conveying, the basic design consideration and analysis is reviewed. Further analysis of such systems is possible. One theme that has received much attention is the area of flow classification with several diflerent phase diagram approaches. 

As for aliiminiim forgings, basic design considerations include specification of the following ... 

First, common joint designs to be found in many industrial applications will be discussed and some basic design considerations reviewed. 

Several of the General Design Criteria (GDC) defined in Appendix A of 10 CFR 50 (Reference 4) applied directly to the design of the reactor core. These GDC requirements are captured in the restart criteria under design requirements, item (2) of the criteria. They ensure that basic design considerations needed for safe reactor operation have been incorporated into the reactor design. 

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