Baling press

Norbert s father, however, surely did not send his son to France to enjoy its heady freedoms but to master its science and sugar technology. Vincent Rillieux, who had invented a steam-operated cotton-baling press, would have understood Louisiana s desperate need for modern technology. 

Hughes (14) studied dust levels in a California gin in 1978. He found widely varying dust levels at both the baling press and gin stand areas that were roughly in the same range as in Wesley s Mississippi study. Table II. 

Brown and coworkers (17-18,47) reported compositions of dusts from cotton compresses and warehouses. Samples were removed with the aid of a sonic bath in hexane. The compresses were in Mississippi, Southeastern and Western Texas, and New Mexico. The samples in the bale press area were high in ash content with silicon the most abundant element (up to 18.7% in one New Mexico compress Scimple). Compared with card room dusts, samples from compresses were high in aluminum, silicon, chlorine, iron and magnesium and relatively low in potassium, phosphorus and zinc. The ratio of silica to silicon was high also for these scunples compared with textile mill dusts. 

The cleaned fibres would still retain their full lengths, so that at the final stage they can be cut to size, as required. After cutting, the fibres are baled by an automatic hydraulic baling press ready for the subsequent manufacturing... 

TSR 5. Within the Malaysian scheme SMR 5 is restricted to mbber derived from sheet material prepared by conventional processes, ie, ribbed smoked sheet (RSS), air-dried sheet (ADS), and unsmoked sheet (USS) and presented in small bale form. Other countries may source different raw materials, eg, Indonesia produces SIR 5 from thin latex coagulum (14). SMR 5 prepared by pressing dry-sheet material into standard bales must be identified by the type of sheet material, eg, SMR 5RSS, on the test certificate as well as on the wrapping. 

Processes 8 and 9 again employ giUs. The purpose is to shuffle the fibers in the combed sUvet to produce a random positional distribution, and thus the most even sUvet possible. The second finisher gilling wiU also incorporate either a baU winding head, or a press that condenses top that has been deUveted into a can. This latter product is caUed bump top. Both baU and bump facUities ate usuaUy necessary to satisfy customers differing needs. Bumps or baUs wUl then be further pressed into bales for shipment. Combed wool destined for processing on the woolen system may be sucked in short lengths from the comb to form broken top. 

The molecular weight of the polymers is controlled by temperature (for the homopolymer), or by the addition of organic acid anhydrides and acid hahdes (37). Although most of the product is made in the first reactor, the background monomer continues to react in a second reactor which is placed in series with the first. When the reaction is complete, a hindered phenoHc or metal antioxidant is added to improve shelf life and processibiUty. The catalyst is deactivated during steam coagulation, which also removes solvent and unreacted monomer. The cmmbs of water-swoUen product are dried and pressed into bale form. This is the only form in which the mbber is commercially available. The mbber may be converted into a latex form, but this has not found commercial appHcation (38). 

Natural rubber is harvested as latex by tapping trees in a manner similar to maple syrup. Tree latex contains about 35 wt% rubber solids, as well as small quantities of carbohydrates, resins, mineral salts and fatty acids. Ammonia should be immediately added to the latex to avoid coagulation by these other ingredients and to prevent bacterial degradation. After collection, the latex can be concentrated to 60-70% solids if the latex product is required for end-use. Otherwise, the latex is coagulated, washed, dried, and pressed into bales for use as dry rubber. 

The hydraulic pressure in the pipeline feeding the press, bale-cutter or other hydraulically-operated apparatus. 

Processing aid-80, a masterbatch in the form of pressed crumb consisting of an 80 20 blend of crosslinked to ordinary natural rubber. The correct proportions of vulcanised latex and field latex are blended, coagulated and the resulting crumb pressed into 100 lb bales. The use of PA 80 confers Superior Processing properties on any natural or styrene-butadiene rubber with which it may be mixed. See Superior Processing Rubber. 

The solid metal cylinder or plunger which is moved by liquid pressure, air pressure or a combination of both, in such machinery as moulding presses, bale splitters, internal mixer floating rams and bottom doors, etc. 

Dark green colored leaf, dried by mechanical means or by airing and pressed into bales. This form is best suited for use in export. 

Cotton or wood pulp as delivered to nitrocellulose plants contains 6% or more of moisture. This moisture should be removed prior to nitration so that it does not bring about any dilution of the mixed acid and thereby change the course of the reaction. Cotton is usually transported in the form of compressed bales, which are opened and shredded before drying. Wood cellulose, in the form of pressed cellulose pulp or of crepe paper, is dealt with similarly. Dryers for dehydrating cotton or cellulose may be of various types. The simplest is the shelf drier, equipped with mechanical ventilation and heaters situated at the bottom, supplied with water or steam so as to maintain a temperature of 80-100°C inside the drier. 

Parsons, T., and Bales, R. F. Family Socialization and Interaction Process. Glencoe The Free Press, 1954, p. 304. 

Bales, R.F. and Slater, RE. (eds) (1955) Role differentiation in small decision-making groups. In T. Parsons and R.F. Bales (eds) Family Socialization and Interaction Process (pp. 259-306). Glencoe, IL Free Press. 

FIGURE 1.8 A newly bound bale conies off the press at conclusion of ginning process. (Courtesy of the National Cotton Council of America, Memphis, TN.)... 

B.L. Bales, in Spin Labeling Theory and Applications Biological Magnetic Resonance, edited by L. J. Berliner and J. Reuben, Vol. 8 (Plenum Press, New York, 1989), page 77. 

Baling has long been used to densify hays, straws, and other agricultural crops such as cotton to simplify removal from the field and to reduce storage space and transportation costs. Baled straw has a density of 70 to 90 kg/m at 10 to 15 wt % moisture content, whereas the bulk density of piled straw is about 5 to 15% of this density range. When straws are compressed to form pellets, briquettes, or cubes in specially designed dies and presses, the density can be increased to 350 to 1200 kg/ml In contrast, dried wood has a density of 600-700 kg/m and a bulk density of about 350 to 450 kg/m, whereas the bulk densities and densities of wood briquettes are 700 to 800 kg/m and up to 1400 kg/m, respectively. 

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