Bagasse,

While others may exist, a choice was made to only discuss bagasse, cereal straw, coconut coir, corn stalks, cotton stalks, jute, kenaf and rice husks [3, 4]. 

As previously mentioned, only bagasse fibre is utilised for the production of high-quality composite panels. The fibres after depithing are more accurately described as fibre bundles that can be used for making particleboard, or they can be refined to produce fibres for fibreboard. 

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Bagasse fiber Bagels Bag filters Baghouse Baghouses... 

Insulation Boa.rd. The panel products known as insulation board were the earliest commodity products made from fibers or particles in the composite panel area. These are fiber-base products with a density less than 500 kg/m. Early U.S. patents were obtained in 1915 and production began soon thereafter. The initial production used wood fiber as a raw material, but later products were made of recycled paper, bagasse (sugar cane residue), and straw. Schematics of the two major processes still ia use are shown ia Figure 4. 

Includes fuelwood, charcoal bagasse, and animal, crop, pulp, paper, and municipal soHd wastes, but does not include derived biofuels. Sums of individual figures may not equal totals because of rounding. 

Nonwood fibers are used in relatively small volumes. Examples of nonwood pulps and products include cotton Enters for writing paper and filters, bagasse for cormgated media, esparto for filter paper, or Manila hemp for tea bags. Synthetic pulps which are based on such materials as glass (qv) and polyolefins also are used (see Olefin polymers). These pulps are relatively expensive and usually are used in blends with wood pulps where they contribute a property such as tear resistance, stiffness, or wet strength which is needed to meet a specific product requirement. 

In the United States, up to about 4 x 10 Btu/yr of biofuels ate consumed for electricity generation, raising process heat, and domestic heat. Eurthermore, much of the energy needs of many nations are met by biofuels, including wood and wood waste, spent pulping fiquors, bagasse, and municipal waste. Some use is also made of dried com cobs, rice hulls, and a wide variety of agricultural wastes used in niche appfications. 

The manufacture of sugar was early understood to be an energy-intensive process. Cuba was essentially deforested to obtain the wood that fueled the evaporation of water from the cane juice. When the forests were gone, the bagasse burner was developed to use the dry cane pulp, called bagasse, for fuel. Bagasse was no longer a waste product its minimal value is the cost of its replacement as fuel. 

A cane factory generates its own requirements for energy, from burning bagasse to produce electricity one tonne of mill mn bagasse (50% moisture) is equivalent in fuel value, at 3,700 kj /kg (884 kcal/kg), to one barrel (159 L) of fuel oil. An efficient raw sugar or plantation white factory will use 70—80%... 

Other Products. Other products from sugarcane, in addition to cane sugar, are cane fiber (known as bagasse) and molasses, the final thick symp from which no more sugar may be economically removed by crystallization. In some cane-growing countries, cane tops and leaves, separated during harvest, are used for catde feed. 

One of the most promising substrates for future production of microbial biomass is the ceUulose contained in agricultural residues such as wood pulp, sawdust, feed-lot waste, com stover, rice huUs, nut sheUs, and bagasse, aU of which contain ceUulose as the principal carbon source. CeUulose contents range from 90% in cotton to 15—20% in dicotyledon leaves. Wood residues and grasses contain mixtures of ceUulose, hemiceUulose, and lignin. The major... 

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