B-cell lymphoma-2 Bcl

The mitochondrial control of cell fate in vertebrates involves interactions among proteins of the B cell lymphoma-2 (Bcl-2) proto-oncogene family, which has been functionally conserved throughout metazoan evolution. Its involvement in programmed cell death was first described in Caenorhabditis elegans, where it was shown that expression of ced-4 was required for cell death activation, whereas ced-9 overexpression maintained cell viability by suppressing interactions between the products of ced-4 and downstream cell death executioner proteins109. 

B-cell lymphoma 2 (Bcl-2) family members are regulators of the intrinsic apoptosis (programmed cell death) pathway, and anti-apoptotic family members have been strongly implicated in cancer [172]. Heterodimer-forming interactions between anti-apoptotic family members such as Bcl-xL or Bcl-2, and ot-helical domains of pro-apoptotic proteins control the ability of cells to carry out the apoptotic program. Several compounds have been reported to bind to and inhibit various anti-apoptotic Bcl-2 family members, but for most of these compounds reported affinities are poor, and structural information is unavailable [15]. 

B-cell lymphoma-2 (Bcl-2) family proteins serve as the key regulators of apoptosis, which is associated with a variety of diseases, including cancer. Overexpression of several antiapoptotic Bcl-2 family proteins has been observed in various hematological malignancies such as non-Hodgkin s lymphoma. Thus, Bcl-2 inhibitors may be effective in the treatment of cancer. To this end, several small molecide inhibitors... 

Aoyagi M, Zhai D, Jin C ct al. Vaccinia virus NIL protein resembles a B-cell lymphoma-2 (Bcl-2) family protein. Protein Sci 2007 16(1) 118-124. 

Mounier N. Briere J, Gisselbrecht C et al. Rituximab plus CHOP (R-CHOP) overcomes bcl-2— associated resistance to chemotherapy in elderly patients with diffuse large B-cell lymphoma (DL-BCL). B/ooci 2003 101 4279 284. 

B-cell lymphoma 2, anti-apoptotic member of Bcl-2 family... 

The BCL-2 (B-cell lymphoma-2) proteins are anti-apoptotic polypeptides that are differentially expressed in some soft tissue lesions. Those that commonly label immunohistologically include solitary fibrous tumor, spindle-cell lipoma, Kaposi s sarcoma, and monophasic... 

In the multi-cellular organisms cells are normally protected from early death in part by the Bcl-2 family of anti- and pro-apoptotic regulators that mediate intrinsic pathway of apoptosis. BCL-2 (for B-cell lymphoma-2) was first identified at the chromosomal breakpoint of t(14 18) bearing human follicular B-cell lymphoma [153-155]. Bcl-2-transfected B cells were shown to be resistant toward a default death process normally induced in B cells by IL-3 withdrawal [156]. Further experiments have demonstrated that overexpression of the human bcl-2 gene in the nematode C. elegans reduced the number of... 

For activating pro- and anti-apoptotic signaling, B-cell lymphoma 2 (Bel-2) family proteins are reported to play important roles. Bcl-2 family proteins, Bcl-2, Bcl-xL, and Bcl-w are classified as antiapoptotic proteins, which share four domains BHl, 2, 3, and 4 (Chipuk et al. 2010). Other Bcl-2 family proteins, Bax and Bak, are classified as pro-apoptotic proteins which share multidomain of BHl, 2, and 3 (Chipuk et al. 2010). Also Bid, Bil, Bad, Bim, and Bmf are classified as pro-apoptotic protein, but these proteins share only BH3 domain, thus these are also called BH3-only proteins (Chipuk et al. 2010). 

Bcl-2 (B-cell lymphoma-related gene) is major mammalian gene that is known to inhibit apoptosis. 

BCL-2 Codes for a protein that blocks apoptosis Indolent B-cell lymphomas... 

Bcl-2 B cell lymphoma protein 2 (Bcl-2) is a family of proteins that regulate apoptosis (programmed cell death). Apoptosis is a necessary process whereby aged or damaged cells are replaced by new cells. Dysfunction of the apoptosis process results in disease inhibition of apoptosis results in cancer, autoimmune disorder, and viral infection, whereas increased apoptosis gives rise to neurodegenerative disorders, myelodysplastic syndromes, ischemic injury, and toxin-induced liver disease. 

The Bcl-2 protein was first identified as an oncoprotein coded by a gene affected by translocations of chromosomes 14 and 18 in B cell lymphomas. It was soon shown, however, that the Bcl-2 protein is not involved in regulation of the cell cycle, in contrast to many other oncoproteins, and thus does not fit into the classical oncogene picture. Furthermore, homology was estabhshed with the Ced9 protein of C. elegans, which has an antiapoptotic function in this organism. 

B5. Barrans, S. L., Carter, I., Owen, R. G., Davies, F. E., Patmore, R. D., Haynes, A. P., Morgan, G. L, and Jack, A. S., Germinal center phenotype and bcl-2 expression combined with the International Prognostic Index improves patient risk stratification in diffuse large B-cell lymphoma. Blood 99,1136-1143 (2002). 

Skinnider, B. E, Horsman, D. E., Dupuis, B., and Gascoyne, R. D., Bcl-6 and Bcl-2 protein expression in diffuse large B-cell lymphoma and follicular lymphoma Correlation with 3q27 and 18q21 chromosomal abnormalities. Hum. Pathol. 30, 803-808 (1999). 

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