Automobiles paint finishes

Interference patterns with the reflective and refractive light occurs that varies with the viewing angle. Thin metallic flakes of, for example, aluminium, copper, bronze, coated with a dye are used extensively in automobile wheel hub-caps, and "metallised" car-body paint finishes. 

The paint industry uses P.R.175 primarily to color industrial paints and also automobile repair finishes. High transparency makes the pigment an important product for transparent and metallic effect finishes. The pigment is suited to twocoat metallic automobile (O.E.M.) finishes, also referred to as base coat/clear coat finishes, especially if the clear coat contains UV absorbants. Its lightfastness and weatherfastness are excellent. P.R.175 does not bloom, is completely fast to overpainting, and is heat stable up to 200°C. 

One clinical report of a hirnian exposed to HDI for an intermediate-dmation was reported. A 60-yem-old male automobile paint sprayer was examined following health complaints, which included shortness of breath, a productive cough, and an intermittent fever (usually about 6 hours after he finished work) of 1-month duration. Symptoms were reported to subside on weekends. He had used paint materials containing HDI for about one month and had worked without a protective mask. Clinical signs were... 

Automobile manufacturers used polytetrafluoroethylene in a variety of ways. Windshield wiper blades coated with polytetrafluoroethylene are smoother and stronger than uncoated blades. Automobile paint can be coated with polytetrafluoroethylene to protect a car s finish from tree sap, insects, and other residues. Automobile upholstery is often treated with polytetrafluoroethylene to protect against stains caused by spilled drinks and dirty shoes. Polytetrafluoroethylene added to oil makes it flow through an engine more smoothly, reducing wear and tear on the engine. 

Pumice Pumice is of volcanic origin, thus an igneous rock of an amorphous nature. It often contains impurities such as feldspar and hornblende. Pumice is used as an abrasive for a diversity of purposes. It is used in the automobile body finishing industry in the form of hone gangs for rubbing down rough stuff on automobile bodies. In powder form it is used with water for rubbing paint and varnish (Jacobs 1928). 

Figure 12 IR absorbance spectra of three similar dearcoat resins. These spectra are indistinguishable but addition of a second analytical tedmique as shown in the next figure, can facilitate discrimination. Reproduced with permission from Ryland. S. G., etal., Discrimination of the 1990s Original Automobile Paint Systems A Collaborative Study of Black Nonmetallic Base CoatIClear Coat Finishes Using Infrared Spectroscopy." Journal of Forensic Sciences 46 (2001), 31-45. Copyright 2001ASTM International.

Paints and coatings for automobiles have not been immune to damage by air polluhon. Wolff and co-workers (13) found that damage to automobile finishes was the result of scarring by calcium sulfate crystals formed when sulfuric acid in rain or dew reacted with dry deposited calcium. 

P.Y.97 is used in a variety of fields. Even in pastel shades, it is used in industrial finishes while its full shades lend color to automobile refinishes. In emulsion paints, both its medium and full shades are suited to exterior application. The printing ink industry uses P.Y.97 in high grade printing products, especially where excellent fastness is required, such as in stable posters, etc. It lends itself without difficulty to all printing techniques. However, lack of fastness to monostyrene and acetone and therefore a certain tendency to bleed in these media precludes its application in deco printing inks, i.e., for decorative laminates. 

The paint industry is interested in individual representatives of this class, such as P.Y.128. These are used to color high grade paints, such as automobile (O.E.M) finishes and automotive refinishes. Other types are used in general industrial paints. As a rule, the fastness of disazo condensation pigments to overcoating is good to excellent in some media. The pigments are also used in architectural paints, sometimes also in emulsion paints. 

High transparency makes P.Y.24 a valuable pigment for metallic finishes. It is used in relatively light shades, typically at a ratio of one part of color pigment to three parts of aluminum pigment. Thus prepared systems demonstrate excellent weatherfastness. Flavanthrone Yellow, like P.Y.108, tends to seed (Sec. 3.7.3.1). The pigment is heat stable up to 200°C and thus satisfies all possible heat stability requirements in this area. Flavanthrone Yellow is used in various industrial paints, especially in automobile O.E.M. finishes and in automotive refinishes. 

Bismuth vanadate pigments are used in the manufacture of lead-free, weather resistant, brilliant yellow colors for automobile finishes and industrial paints. They are suitable for the pigmentation of solvent-containing paints, water-based paints, powder coatings, and coil-coating systems. It can be mixed with other pigments... 

The most important and established use for pigments is the imparting of color to a variety of materials and compositions. Examples are surface coalings for exteriors and interiors of automobiles and houses wilh odor water-based paints W ood stains, leather and artificial leather finishes, printing inks and many other applications. 

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