Viewing angle

To suppress the light leakage at oblique angles and further widen the viewing angle, several phase compensation schemes using uniaxial films [20-22] and biaxial films [23-25] have been proposed. Computer simulation and experimental results have been reported. 

In this section, we focus on the analytical solutions for the uniaxial film-compensated wide view LCDs. With the analytical solutions, the interdependency between the LC cell and film parameters is clearly revealed. More importantly, analytical solutions provide a clear physical description of the compensation mechanisms. 

---

Object dimension is defined as the viewing angle in radiant minutes under which the eye observes tbe object. With increasing dimension, the visibility increases. 

Flere we examine the viewing angle dependence of the differential Raman cross-section for the cases of... 

Figure Bl.10.10. Schematic diagram of the effect of detector view angles on coincidence rate. The view angles of two detectors are shown along with the common view angle. Maximum signal collection efficiency is achieved when the individual view angles have the maximum overlap and when the overlap coincides with the maximum density of the incident beam.

The desire to improve sharjDness and viewing angle range led to the development of supertwisted nematic displays name suggests, STN displays have higher twist angles than the TN display, typically 220-270°. They are widely us laptop computers. 

FIGURE 1.19 Viewing angle as a means of designating the absolute configuration of compounds with a chiral axis, (a) (R )-2-Butanol (sequence clockwise) (b) (fi)-2-butanol (sequence counterclockwise). 

Fig. 1. Reconstructions from a hologram, (a) Normal viewing angle (b) viewing from left side (c) viewing from right side. Courtesy of Mr. Tae Jin Kim.

View Factor. The view factor of a point on a plane surface located at a distance L from the center of a sphere (fireball) with radius r depends not only on L and r, but also on the orientation of the surface with respect to the fireball. If 2 is the view angle, and 0 is the angle between the normal vector to the surface and the line connecting the target point and the center of the sphere (see Figure 6.9), the view factor (F) is given by... 

Figure 6-23. Sketch of the experimental arrangement tor measuring the angular dependence or lluores-ccncc and electroluminescence. The viewing angle 0 is varied between -90 " and +90 .

Figure 1. Monochromatic two source interference (a) Young s points, (b) Michelson interferometer, (c) 3D representation of far-held interference fringes over all viewing angles showing both Michelson fringes at the poles and Young s fringes at the equator .

For a fixed A , the fringes vary cosinusoidaUy approximately with the square of the viewing angle. The Michelson and Young s interferences are in fact the same with the Michelson, the effect of the two arms is to produce two virtual... 

Figure 11.6 Scanning electron micrographs of a dewetted polymer droplet before and after solvent treatment. Viewing angle is 45° and the scale bar is 1 Xm.

Interference patterns with the reflective and refractive light occurs that varies with the viewing angle. Thin metallic flakes of, for example, aluminium, copper, bronze, coated with a dye are used extensively in automobile wheel hub-caps, and "metallised" car-body paint finishes. 

Fig. 9 Snapshot of a single crystal of lattice polymers viewed from the chain direction. The bonds are drawn as solid cylinders. The viewing angle is large for better observation of folds. The chain length is 512 units and the thickness of the crystallite is about 12 units. The dissolved chains are not shown for clarity [57]...

Fig. 15 shows the detailed structure of the droplet from a viewing angle of 60°. Experimental images show that a hole is formed in the center of the droplet for a short time period (3.4 4.8 ms) and the center of the liquid droplet is a dry circular area. The simulation also shows this hole structure although a minor variation exists over the experimental images. As the temperature of the surface is above the Leidenfrost temperature of the liquid, the vapor layer between the droplet and the surface diminishes the liquid-solid contact and thus yields a low surface-friction effect on the outwardly spreading liquid flow. When the droplet periphery starts to retreat due to the surface-tension effect, the liquid in the droplet center still flows outward driven by the inertia, which leads to the formation of the hole structure. 

CIE coordinates of the TOLED (—0.06, —0.01) more than that of the bottom-emitting device (—0.03, +0.01) when one considers a viewing angle of 60°. However, this is of minor concern for green emission but care must be taken when applying this design to blue and red pixels. 

Viewing angle Wide 160 degree viewing angle... 

Wide 160 degree viewing angle High printable ink-like characteristics High, microseconds. Video enabling. Slower switching speeds (100 p.s) for LEC architectures >10,000... 

---