Paints architectural

Architectural coatings, 18 55-56 economic aspects of, 18 73-74 Architectural fabrics, 13 394 Architectural paints, 18 72 Archives, preservation of, 11 414 Arch Raschig process flow sheet, 13 578 Arc melting techniques, 25 522-523 ARCO process, 23 342 Arc-resistance furnace, 12 304 Arc resistance testing, 19 587 Arctic polar stratospheric clouds, effect on ozone depletion, 17 789-790 Arc vaporization, 24 738 Arc welding, copper wrought alloys,... 

Formulations which do not contain lead chromate are becoming increasingly important, not only for automotive finishes, but also for architectural paints and other areas of paint application. 

Apart from pigment preparations which have been developed specifically for aqueous emulsion paints, there are also products known as multipurpose tinting pastes that show outstanding fastness. They have the advantage of being useful not only in emulsion paints but also in solvent containing architectural paints. 

P.R.146, which is also used in paints, is primarily applied in emulsion and architectural paints it also lends color to general industrial paints in applications where durability is unimportant. 

P.R.48 3 is also recommended for the coloration of printing inks, especially for packaging purposes, and also for the paint field. It is recommended for use in architectural paints and general industrial finishes. The pigment demonstrates overall fastness properties which parallel those of P.R.48 and 48 2. 

P.Y.120 has less of an impact on the paint industry. In contrast to the similarly colored P.Y.97, P.Y.120 is fast to overcoating. Moreover, it exhibits noticeably higher durability. White reductions, reduced 1 1 to about 1 5, are approximately as durable as P.Y.151 systems. P.Y.120 is recommended for general industrial finishes, including automotive refinishes, and it is also suitable for use in architectural paints. P.Y.120 is completely fast to alkali. 

The paint industry is interested in individual representatives of this class, such as P.Y.128. These are used to color high grade paints, such as automobile (O.E.M) finishes and automotive refinishes. Other types are used in general industrial paints. As a rule, the fastness of disazo condensation pigments to overcoating is good to excellent in some media. The pigments are also used in architectural paints, sometimes also in emulsion paints. 

Throughout the paint industry, P.R.144 functions as a pigment in general industrial coatings, automotive finishes, and architectural paints. 

Metal complex pigments are mainly used in paints. The products are fast enough to be applied especially in industrial finishes. Some representatives, particularly azomethine copper complex pigments, are very weatherfast, which makes them suitable candidates for automotive finishes. High transparency in combination with good weatherfastness is an asset for use in metallic finishes. It is not uncommon for metal complexes to lose much of their brilliance in white reductions. Some are also recommended for use in architectural paints, especially for emulsion paints. 

TiOz, is added. Systems up to 1/3 SD are heat stable up to 180°C. P.Y.150 is used as a colorant for general industrial and architectural paints wherever the durability requirements are not too high. It exhibits good resistance to organic solvents but is not entirely fast to overcoating. 

P.O.59 is a nickel complex which affords very dull yellowish shades of orange. The pigment was used to match deep to medium shades in the yellow and orange part of the spectrum for high grade industrial finishes, as well as for architectural paints. 

P.R.252 provides yellowish to medium red shades and is recommended particularly for use in architectural paints. The pigment shows very poor fastness to a number of organic solvents which are commonly used in paints, a deficiency which largely precludes it from being used in oven drying systems. Regarding lightfastness and weatherfastness, the only available type with coarse particle sizes performs somewhat better than the much more yellowish P.O.5. 

The stabilizing of aqueous latexes succeeded by using emulsifiers (anionic, nonionic) and/or their mixture, steric stabilizators (polyvinyl alcohol (PVOH), hydroxyethyl cellulose, polyethylene glycol, new protective colloids etc.), and polymerizable surfaces active agents, in general. Vinyl acetate (VAc) emulsion homopolymers and copolymers (latexes) are widely used as binders in water-based interior and exterior architectural paints, coatings, and adhesives, since they have higher mechanical and water resistance properties than the homopolymers of both monomers [2, 4, 7]. 

Another issue affecting the architectural paint industry is the remediation of homes, buildings, and structures that contain lead-based paint. Lead poisoning in children has been linked to ingestion of paint dust or paint chips that contain lead pigments and this has resulted in U.S. government regulations to reduce the lead content in paint to no more than 0.06%. 

The word symmetry comes from the greek word symmetria and may be defined as harmony or balance in the proportions of parts to the whole. Symmetry is associated with beauty - with pleasing proportions or regularity in form, harmonious arrangement or regular repetition of certain characteristics. Nature shows many examples of symmetry plants, animals, crystals and man s culture always employed symmetry - in architecture, painting, sculpture and music. Four types of symmetry can be found ... 

None of the factors that affect particle morphology operate alone. In particular, the mode of monomer addition is an interacting factor. This is illustrated by procedures used to produce core-and-shcll polymers for use in architectural paints [26]. Polymers used for this purpose are primarily copolymers of butyl acrylate with either vinyl acetate or methyl methacrylate. The goal here was to make particles with conventional film-forming polymer shells and cores comprised of less expensive monomers than were used in the shells. In practice, this could mean poly(vinyl acetate) cores inside vinyl acetate/butyl acrylate shells or the same or poly(methyl... 

Architectural coatings (house paints). This class includes paints and coatings, which are used for the decoration and protection of exterior and interior of buildings. They are divided into (a) solvent-based and (b) water-based paints. The normal materials used in the painting of buildings include primers, undercoats, and finish coats (top coats). In the year 2003 in the United States, the architectural paints were about 40 percent of the value of all paints. 

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