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Automatic distillation apparatus

A9.2 Summary of Test Method—The sample is distilled in an automatic distillation apparatus that duplicates the distillation conditions described in the manual procedure. Data are obtained from which the initial boiling point (IBP), the final boiling point (FBP), and a distillation curve of atmospheric equivalent temperature (AET) versus volume can be obtained. [Pg.238]

By analogy to solvent extraction, the column containing the solid adsorbent corresponds to the separatory funnel containing the immiscible organic solvent. The transfer of the solute to the solid adsorbent occurs in an unattended operation requiring no manual effort or additional equipment such as the shakers used in solvent extraction or the distillation apparatus used in some of the automatic extraction devices. This simplicity allows for facile automation either off-line or on-line with the separation and detection procedure (495, 512, 536). [Pg.210]

There is also a tendency to manufacture standardized distillation apparatus, beginning with circulation stills, including also combinations of non-glass flasks and glass columns, and ending up with automatic continuous pilot plants with electro-magneticaUy operated reflux heads, level control and flow control devices (Fig. 142). The maintenance-free operation of such plants requires numerous glass valves. [Pg.222]

Automatic water distillation apparatus made of Duran 50 Throughput 10 to 70 1/h... [Pg.226]

Fnlly automatic low-temperature distillation apparatus of Podbielniak... [Pg.266]

Fig. 358 shows another apparatus which has been described by Jirmann [5]. It consists of the switch cupboard with compensation recorder for a resistance thermometer and two distilling units for alternate operation. The apparatus covers the temperature ranges -j-100 to +385 °C and 0 to +285 °C. The automatic Herzog apparatus [6] also operates on the digital principle and prints the results immediately on a strip of paper. For standardized boiling point analyses at reduced pressure the apparatus shown schematically in Fig. 359 [6] was developed by Zappe et al. [7]. [Pg.433]

The vacuum distillation apparatus, shown schematically in Fig. 1, consists in part of the components described below plus others that appear in Fig. 1 but are not specified, either as to design or performance. Some of these parts are not essential for obtaining satisfactory results from the tests but are desirable components of the assembly for the purpose of promoting the efficient use of the apparatus and ease of its operation. Both manual and automatic versions of the... [Pg.222]

When the distribution ratio is low, continuous methods of extraction are used. This procedure makes use of a continuous flow of immiscible solvent through the solution if the solvent is volatile, it is recycled by distillation and condensation and is dispersed in the aqueous phase by means of a sintered glass disc or equivalent device. Apparatus is available for effecting such continuous extractions with automatic return of the volatilised solvent (see the Bibliography, Section 9.10). [Pg.173]

The technique and apparatus used in this work have been described in detail [81]. The reaction vessel was made hydrophobic by exposure to the vapour of trimethylchlorosilane and evacuated for several hours. Then isobutene, dried by sodium, and methylene dichloride, stored over calcium hydride, were distilled into it, the temperature adjusted, and the reaction started by the breaking of a phial containing a solution of titanium tetrachloride in methylene dichloride and one containing water. These could be broken in this, or the reverse, order, or simultaneously. The ensuing reaction was registered as a time-temperature curve by an automatic recorder. The range of conditions studied was [C4H8] = 0.05 -0.6 mole/1, [TiClJ = (0.1-5) x 10 3 mole/1, [H20] = (0.05-5) x 10 4 mole/1, T= 18°- -95°. [Pg.96]

The two designs of the Dean and Stark apparatus (Fig. 2.31(a) and (b) available from Bibby Science Products) carry a flask on the lower cone and a reflux condenser on the upper socket. They are used for the automatic separation of two immiscible components in a distillate and the subsequent return of the upper layer (a) or the lower layer (b) to the reaction flask. [Pg.63]

Apparatus—Conhnued automatic water trap for azeotropic distillation, 23, 38, 25, 42, 46 bain marie ware, 25, 72, 97 Claisen flask modified with column, 22, 11... [Pg.98]

The apparatus must be adequately insulated and the column jacket provided with the requisite heat compensation (section 7.7.3). The use of an automatic column head (section 7.5.3) allows the distillation to be performed with a minimum of attention. In the present case it would be useful to place a contact thermometer, connected to a bell via a relay (section 8.2.2), in the column head. The thermometer would be set to the boiling point of benzene, and when a signal was heard, the initial reflux ratio of 9 would be increased, say, to 20. In the same way it would be progressively raised to the final value of 50. The load may conveniently be regulated by means of a contact manometer actuated by the pressure differential (section 8.4.2). In accordance with the amount of the charge the still pot may be a pilot-plant flask (section 7.6.1) or a round-bottomed flask of 4 to 10 litres capacity, heated by a flask heater (section 7.7.1). [Pg.197]


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See also in sourсe #XX -- [ Pg.432 ]




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Distillation apparatus

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