Australia scientific reviews

Hinwood, J.B., Poots, A.E., Dennis, L.R., Carey, J.M., Houridis, H., Bell, R.J., Thomson, J.R., Boudreau, P. and Ayling, A.M. (1994) Environmental implications of drilling activities, in Environmental Implications of Offshore Oil and Gas Development in Australia—The Finding of an Independent Scientific Review (eds J.M. Swan, J.M. Neff and P.C Young), Australian Petroleum Exploration Association, Sydney, pp. 123—207. 

P. Martin, B. Ryan, Natural-series radionuclides in traditional Aboriginal foods in tropical northern Australia a review, The Scientific World JOURNAL, 2004, 4, 77. 

Sulfur mustard (SM) is unique among chemical warfare agents because of the large number of reports of its effects in man. The majority of these reports are of its effects after release on the battle field, and give a description of the types of effect and their time course from exposure to resolution of the injury. However, SM is also one of the few chemicals that have been the subject of tests on humans to determine how toxic they are in terms of the doses or dosages that produce toxic effects. Unlike reports of accidental or battlefield exposures, these trials were carried out in chambers under controlled, or at least carefully recorded, conditions, usually with analytical confirmation of chamber concentrations. Many of the reports of these trials, which were elassified at the time they were produced, have now been released into the public record and are available for scientific review. This chapter reviews those reports that are now available to the general public in addition to the work already published. Volunteer trials were carried out in the USA, UK, India and Australia. The reports of these trials that have been released to the public record are held by the Defense Technical Information Service... 

Bland DE (1976) Research Review - Australia, Commonwealth Scientific and Industrial Research Organization, Division of Chemical Technology, p 27... 

For the Third Review Conference in 1991 a number of states parties (Australia, Czechoslovakia, Sweden, the UK and the USA) produced contributions for the background paper on scientific and technological developments.28 The UK contribution is particularly useful for our purposes since it used the same sections as the 1980 paper by the Depositary States. It therefore offers the possibility of directly comparing the conclusions. 

The authors are grateful for the fracture surfaces of sintered hydroxyl apatite and various forms of sintered hydroxylapatite supplied by Mr. V. Gross, Commonwealth Scientific Industrial Research Organisation, Australia. We thank David Williams and Serena Best for their careful reviews of this chapter. 

The science of animal nutrition continues to advance and this has necessitated, to varying degrees, the updating of most chapters. In particular the new developments in dairy cow nutrition in the Feed into Milk System and the new nutrient requirements of pigs proposed by the British Society of Animal Science have been incorporated in the middle chapters and the Appendix tables. In addition new information, published in recent reviews of nutrient requirements by the National Research Council of the United States, and the Commonwealth Scientific and Industrial Research Organisation of Australia has been included. 

Dr. Nandakumar Kalarikkal is a Professor of Physics at the School of Pure and Applied Physics and Joint Director of Centre for Nanoscience and Nanotechnology at Mahatma Gandhi University, Kottayam, Kerala, India. The recipient of research fellowships and associateships from prestigious organizations, he has collaborated with national and international scientific institutions in India, South Africa, Slovenia, Canada, and Australia, and is co-author of several books chapters, peer-reviewed publications, and invited presentations in international forums. 

Specialist societies of chemical interest are also to be found in most Commonwealth countries. In Australia the Royal Australian Chemical Institute (55 Collins Place, Melbourne, C.l), founded in 1917 publishes its Proceedings and Reviews of Pure and Applied Chemistry. The Chemical Institute of Canada (48 Rideau Street, Ottawa 2) was founded in 1921 as the Canadian Institute of Chemistry and adopted the present title in 1945. Its aims are to encourage general interest in chemistry and chemical engineering, to promote scientific collaboration, and to maintain the educational professional and material standards of chemists in Canada. It publishes the Canadian Journal of Chemical Engineering and Chemistry in Canada. The Indian Chemical Society (University College of Science Buildings, 92 Upper Circular Road, Calcutta 9) publishes the Indian Journal of Applied Chemistry. 

We may start from what is currently considered as formal education in chemistry and how this is best described. One of the findings from a curricular Delphi study on chemistry education in Germany by Bolte (2008) based on responses from teachers, students, educators, and scientists is that the main emphasis of chemistry teaching is still on chemistry topics rather than having a focus on scientific or chemical literacy. The learning of facts and theories is considered to be more the emphasis of formal chemistry education, rather than to enable students to understand the role of science/chemistry in their life, in society and to become able to participate in societal debate about developments coimected to science and technology. A review of other studies and assessment of chemistry curricula in Australia, the USA, and Israel also has shown this to be the case, despite the rhetoric to have a populace with high levels of chemical literacy. 

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