Atherosclerosis rabbit

De Scheerder I, Wang K, Wilczek K, et al, Local methylpred-nisolone inhibition of foreign body response to coated intracoronary stents, Coronary Artery Dis 1996 7 161-166. Baker J, Nikolaychik V Zulich A, et al, Fibrin coated stents as depot to deliver RGD peptide inhibit vascular reaction in atherosclerosis rabbit model [abstr], J Am Coll Cardiol I 996 27 197A,... 

YAMAKOSHi J, KTAOKA s, KOGA T, ARiGA T (1999) Proanthocyanidin-rich extract from grape seed attenuates the development of aortic atherosclerosis in cholesterol-fed rabbits, Atherosclerosis, 142, 139-49. 

Del Boccio, C., Laprenna, D., Porreca, E., Pennilli, A., Savini, F., Feliciani, P., Ricci, G. and CuccuruUo, F. (1990). Aortic antioxidant defence mechanisms time-related changes in cholesterol fed rabbits. Atherosclerosis 81, 127-135. 

Minor, RL., Myers, P.R, Guerra, R, Bates, J.N. and Harrison, D.G. (1990). Diet-induced atherosclerosis increases the release of nitrogen oxides from rabbit aorta. J. Clin. Invest. 86, 2109-2116. 

Carew, T.E., Schwenke, D.C. and Steinberg, O. (1987). Antiatherogenic effect of probucol unrelated to its hyper-cholesterolaemic effect evidence that antioxidants in vim can selectively inhibit low density lipoprotein degradation in macroph -rich fatty streaks slowing the progression of atherosclerosis in the WHHL rabbit. Proc. Natl Acad. Sci. USA 84, 7725-7729. 

Kita, T., Nagano, X., Yokode, M., Ishii, K., Kume, N., Ooshima, A., Yoshida, H. and Kawai, C. (1987). Probucol prevents the progression of atherosclerosis in Watanabe heritable hyperlipidaemic rabbits an animal model for hyper-cholesterolaemic. Proc. Natl Acad. Sci. USA 84, 5928-5931. 

The expression of 15-LOX in atherosclerotic lesions is one of the major causes of LDL oxidative modification during atherosclerosis. To obtain the experimental evidence of a principal role of 15-LOX in atherosclerosis under in vivo conditions, Kuhn et al. [67] studied the structure of oxidized LDL isolated from the aorta of rabbits fed with a cholesterol-rich diet. It was found that specific LOX products were present in early atherosclerotic lesions. On the later stages of atherosclerosis the content of these products diminished while the amount of products originating from nonenzymatic lipid peroxidation increased. It was concluded that arachidonate 15-LOX is of pathophysiological importance at the early stages of atherosclerosis. Folcik et al. [68] demonstrated that 15-LOX contributed to the oxidation of LDL in human atherosclerotic plaques because they observed an increase in the stereospecificity of oxidation in oxidized products. Arachidonate 15-LOX is apparently more active in young human lesions and therefore, may be of pathophysiological importance for earlier atherosclerosis. In advanced human plaques nonenzymatic lipid peroxidation products prevailed [69],... 

Fig. 9.5. Protection by SERMs against atherosclerosis has been researched in animals. In a model of ovariectomized rabbits, raloxifene reduced the cholesterol content in the inner part of the aorta more than placebo did (upper panel). This effect was more intense in animals treated with estradiol (Bjarnason et al. 1997). In contrast, in a different model of oophorectomized monkeys (lower panel), estradiol, and not raloxifene at two different dosages, significantly decreased the size of atherosclerotic plaques (Clarkson et al. 1998)...

Bjarnason NH, Haarbo J, Byrjalsen I, Kauffman RF, Knadler MP, Christiansen C (2000) Raloxifene reduces atherosclerosis studies of optimized raloxifene doses in ovariectomized, cholesterol-fed rabbits. Clin Endocrinol 52 225-233... 

Raloxifene and estrogen reduces progression of advanced atherosclerosis -a study in ovariectomized, cholesterol-fed rabbits. Atherosclerosis 154 97-102... 

Haines CJ, James AE, Panesar NS, Ngai TJ, Sahota DS, Jones RL, Chang AM (1999) The effect of percutaneous oestradiol on atheroma formation in ovariectomized cholesterol-fed rabbits. Atherosclerosis 143 369-375... 

The standard diet used in our experiments is a semipurified, cholesterol-free preparation that is composed of 25% protein, 40% sucrose, 13% coconut oil, 1% corn oil, 15% cellulose, 5% mineral mix, and 1% vitamin mix. This diet has been shown to induce an endogenous hypercholesterolemia and lead to atherosclerosis in rabbits and monkeys (4, 5). The specific question addressed by our series of investigations is whether the type of dietary protein, when all other dietary components are constant, can influence the development of hyperlipoproteinemia and atherosclerosis. More specifically, we have examined the effects of the individual amino acids, lysine and arginine, and their ratios in the diet on plasma and hepatic lipids as well as the development of arterial plaques. 

Table I. Serum Lipids and Aortic Atherosclerosis in Rabbits fed Casein, Soy Protein, Casein Arginine, or Soy Lysine...

Number of Treatment Rabbits Serum Lipids (mg/dl) Atherosclerosis Cholesterol Triglycerides Arch Thoracic ... 

Table VII. Serum Lipids and Atherosclerosis in Rabbits fed Three Animal Proteins with Different Lysine/Arginine Ratios...

Brigehus-Flohe,R., Maurer, S., Lotzer, K., Bol, G., Kalhonpaa, H., Lehtolainen, P., Viita, H., and Yla-Herttuala, S., 2000, Overexpression ofPHGPx inhibits hydroperoxide-induced oxidation, NFkappaB activation and apoptosis and affects oxLDL-mediated proliferation of rabbit aortic smooth muscle cells, Atherosclerosis 152 307-316. 

Kinscherf, R., Wagner, M., Kamendc, H., Bonaterra, G.A., Hou, D., Schiele, R.A., Deigner, H.P., Metz, J., 1999, Characterization ofapoptotic macrophages in atheromatous tissue of humans and heritable hyperlipidemic rabbits. Atherosclerosis 144 33-39. 

Atherosclerosis The imaging of atherosclerosis with [ F]FDG PET was advanced and recent studies in rabbits showed that the tracer accumulated in macrophage-rich atherosclerotic plaques. It was assumed that the vascular macrophage activity can be quantified by p FlFDO PET [189]. Further studies in rabbits demonstrated that this imaging modality is useful for the clinical evaluation of therapeutic effects of drugs as well as for the development of new drugs that can reduce and inhibit inflammation of vulnerable plaques [190]. 

Quig, D. W., and D. B. Zilversmit. High-density lipoprotein metabolism in a rabbit model of hyperalphalipo-proteinemia. Atherosclerosis 1989 76(1) 9-19. 

CN125 Vas Dias, F. W., M. J. Gibney, and T. G. Taylor. The effect of polyunsatu-rated fatty acids on the n-3 and n-6 series on platelet aggregation and platelet and aortic fatty acid composi-tion in rabbits. Atherosclerosis 1982 43(2-3) 245-257. 

Bises, and D. M. Klurfeld. Experimental atherosclerosis in rabbits fed cholesterol-free diets. Atherosclerosis 1982 41(2-3) 279-284-... 

CN128 Olsson, G., A. M. Ostlund-Lindquist, G. Bondjers, O. Wiklund, and S. O. Olofsson. Quantification of plasma lipids and apolipoproteins in British Halflop rabbits. A comparison between normocholesterolemic rabbits, hypercholesterolemic rabbits (modified WHHL rabbits) and rabbits fed an atherogenic diet. Atherosclerosis... 

The oxidation hypothesis of atherosclerosis states that the oxidative modification of LDL (or other lipoproteins) is important and possibly obligatory in the pathogenesis of the atherosclerotic lesion thus, it has been suggested that inhibiting the oxidation of LDL will decrease or prevent atherosclerosis and clinical sequelae. LDL oxidation also has important implications for vascular health function. High concentrations of LDL may inhibit arterial function in terms of the release of nitric oxide from the endothelium and many of these effects are mediated by lipid oxidation products. Furthermore, oxidized LDL inhibits endothelium-dependent nitric oxide-mediated relaxations in isolated rabbit coronary arter-... 

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