Steel ASTM methods

Standard Test Method for Adhesion Between Steel Tire Cords and Rubber. Steel cords are vulcanised into a block of mbber and the force necessary to pull the cords linearly out of the mbber is measured as adhesive force. ASTM method D2229-93a can be used for evaluating mbber compound performance with respect to adhesion to steel cord. The property measured by this test method indicates whether the adhesion of the steel cord to the mbber is greater than the cohesion of the mbber, ie, complete mbber coverage of the steel cord or less than the cohesion of mbber (lack of mbber coverage). 

There are also ASTM methods for gasket material8 and laminated composite gasket materials9 which uses the expansion of a calibrated steel bolt to measure the force. The test is restricted to 22hrs compression, usually at 100°C. 

The cellulose esters that result from the process described are chemical raw materials and are used by many branches of the chemical industry. They are generally characterized by acyl content in weight percent and viscosity in seconds, the viscosity being obtained by timing the fall of a steel ball through a solution of the cellulose ester in accordance with ASTM Method D 134 . Low-viscosity esters are generally used in solution processes high-viscosity esters are used in the production of plastics. 

Flow system for total cyanide analysis by ASTM Method D 7511-09e2. Detector silver working electrode, Ag/AgCI reference electrode, stainless steel counter electrode IV Injection valve RC reaction coll. 

Other than end group analysis, measurement of melt viscosity and volatile materials produced by the untreated and stabilized polymers helps define the improvement in polymer stability, Melt viscosity is measured by ASTM Method D123 8. Specific melt viscosity is calculated from Eq. (5.10). In this method, 10 g of polymer is charged to a corrosion resistant steel tube (9.5 mm inside diameter) held at 380°C. After reaching equilibrium, the molten polymer is extruded... 

Penetrability is the depth, expressed in tenths of a millimeter, a standard steel needle penetrates into a bitumen sample at 25°C. The needle carries a weight of 100 g and the test is applied for five seconds. The corresponding test method is relatively difficult to carry out and is defined in France by the standard NF T 66-004, and in the USA by the method ASTM D 583. Penetration is related to the viscosity. 

Scrap from municipal refuse may be in the form of source-separated steel cans, a mixed ferrous fraction, metal magnetically separated from mixed waste or incinerator ash, and C D debris. An ASTM specification (E1134-86) was developed in 1991 for source-separated steel cans. The Steel Recycling Institute has a descriptive steel can specification entitled "Steel Can Scrap Specifications". PubHshed standards for municipal ferrous scrap also include ASTM E701-80, which defines chemical and physical test methods, and ASTM E702-85 which covers the chemical and physical requirements of ferrous scrap for several scrap-consurning industries. 

Ma.nufa.cture. The preparation of sulfuryl chloride is carried out by feeding dry sulfur dioxide and chlorine into a water-cooled glass-lined steel vessel containing a catalyst, eg, activated charcoal. Alternatively, chlorine is passed into Hquefted sulfur dioxide at ca 0°C in the presence of a dissolved catalyst, eg, camphor, a terpene hydrocarbon, an ether, or an ester. The sulfuryl chloride is purified by distillation the commercial product is typically 99 wt % pure, as measured by ASTM distillation method D850. 

Standard Test Methods for Steel Tire Cord. ASTM standard D2969-92 includes test methods for steel cords that are specifically designed for use in the reinforcement of pneumatic tires. It describes test methods determining steel cord constmction, break strength, elongation at break. 

Mechanical Properties. The mechanical properties used for design shall be the minimum values allowed by the applicable material specification or shall be the minimum values determined by the manufacturer in accordance with the test procedures specified in ASTM A370 Methods and Definitions for Mechanical Testing of Steel Products, or by mill certification for mill products. The yield point shall be used in lieu of yield strength for those materials exhibiting a yield point. Yield strength shall be determined at 0.2% offset. 

Clark, W. L., Cowan, R. L. and Walker, W. L., Comparative Methods for Measuring Degree of Sensitisation in Stainless Steel, ASTM STP 656, ASTM, Philadelphia, 99 (1978)... 

An ASTM recommended practice (A Standard Reference Method for Making Potentiostatic and Potentiodynamic Anodic Polarisation Measurements, G5 1972) has been issued. It provides a means of checking experimental technique and instrumentation using a specimen from a single heat of AISI Type 430 stainless steel, which is available from ASTM. ... 

These were plotted and are compiled in API RP 520, Chart D-2 (page 55). The data plotted is for vessels constructed of ASTM A-5I5, Grade 70 steel, a steel typically employed for process vessels. If other materials are used an allowance for their stress characteristics under heat application needs to be made. Therefore a general determination of the need for protective measures, such as depressurization, can be made for a particular vessel by comparison to the D-2 chart and selected fire exposure temperatures. It should be noted that this is the best available fire test exposure data in the public domain. Improved methods and test data may be available in the future to refine the calculation methods. 

With small modifications, ASTM standard G48 can be used to determine a CPT. The test is used as a ranking parameter for the resistance to pitting of high-alloyed austenitic stainless steels. In this method, material coupons are typically exposed for 24 or 72 h to a 6% FeCl3 (=1.11 mole/liter) solution at fixed temperatures (typically with 2.5°C intervals). The CPT is defined as the lowest temperature at which the specimen is attacked by pitting corrosion. 

The bulk density of the feedstock at ambient temperature and pressure should be measured prior to the design of a new screw, especially if it contains in-plant recycle resin. The measurement method is extremely simple and requires only a calibrated cell and a scale. A calibrated measuring cell with a volume of 500 cm can easily be constructed by welding a thin-walled metal pipe to a flat sheet of metal, as shown in Fig. 4.2. The bulk density is measured by filling the cell with feedstock, leveling the top with a steel ruler, and then weighing the cell contents. A more formal measurement technique was developed by ASTM as standard method D1895. 

ASTM E 1529 Standard Test Methods for Determining Effects of Large Eiydrocarbon Pool Fires on Structural Members and Assemblies and Underwriters Laboratories Inc. 1709 Standard for Rapid Rise Fire Tests of Protection Materials for Structural Steel are two tests which are used to evaluate the performance of structures, equipment, and protective materials to hydrocarbon fires (see Figure 5-17). 

Standard Reference Method for Making Potentiostatic and Potentiodynamic Anodic Polarization Measurements", ASTM G5-72. "Evaluating Degree of Rusting on Painted Steel Surfaces", ASTM D610-68. 

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