Piping metals

Threaded Joints Pipe with taper-pipe-thread ends (Fig. 10-128), per ANSI B2.1, is available 12 in and smaller, subject to minimum-wall limitations. Fittings and valves with taper-pipe-thread ends are available in most pipe metals. 

Expanded joints (Fig. 10-138) are confined to the smaller pipe sizes of ductile metals. A smooth finish is required on the outside of the pipe and on the faces of the ridges inside the bore. Pipe and bore must have the same coefficient of thermal expansion. Furthermore, it is essential that the pipe metal have a lower yield point than the metal... 

Figure 2.5. Gasket insertion between pipe llangcs for sealing purposes and to minimize galvanic corrosion between dissimilar piping metals.

Use batteries Bearings lion Solder metal pipe metal metal producLs... 

Orgel,/. organ, -metall, n. organ-pipe metal, orientalisch, a. Oriental, orientieren, v.t. orient. 

Fume scrubber water recycle. The steel finishing industry uses fume scrubbers to capture acid gases from pickling tanks. Scrubber water, which may contain a dilute caustic solution, is neutralized and recirculated continuously to adsorb the acid. Makeup water is added to replace water lost through evaporation and water that is blown down to end-of-pipe metals treatment. 

Option 1 system consists of hydroxide precipitation3 4 5 6 7 8 12 followed by sedimentation.13 This system accomplishes the end-of-pipe metals removal from all common metals-bearing wastewater streams that are present at a facility. The recovery of precious metals, the... 

E. Attack was concentrated in the weld and heat-affected sections of A 106 pipe. Metal on either side of this zone was unaffected. 

A = pipe metal cross-sectional area R = external force axial component... 

Welded Joints The most widely used joint in piping systems is the butt-weld joint (Fig. 10-128). In all ductile pipe metals which... 

Dry Tests.—Iron salts, when moistened with hydrochloric acid and heated on a loop of platinum wire in a Bunsen flame, emit a shower of sparks. When heated on charcoal with sodium carbonate in the blowpipe flame, the compound is converted into a dark-coloured residue. If potassium cyanide is added to the sodium carbonate and iron compound, and the whole heated on charcoal in the inner flame of the blow-pipe, metallic iron is obtained as a grey, magnetic powder. 

Use and exposure Antimony is a silvery-white metal found in the Earth s crust. Antimony ores are mined and later mixed with other metals to form antimony alloys used in lead storage batteries, solder, sheet and pipe metal, bearings, castings, and pewter. Antimony oxide is added to textiles and plastics to prevent them from catching tire. It is also used in paints, ceramics, and fireworks, and as enamels for plastics, metal, and glass. 

MAJOR USES Used in the production of bullets, medicine, thermoelectric piles, lead storage batteries, sheet and pipe metal, paints, fireworks, paper, textiles and rubber. 

Another advantage with the new ISO standard (ISO 15589-1/2 2004) is that it does not specify any maximum distance between the anodes. Instead it requires calculation of maximum potential midway between two anodes based on the current density used and the actual coating breakdown factor in the end of the lifetime. Figure 19.16 shows a schematic presentation of the situation and the equivalent current flow loop with all actual resistors, where =anode potential (V versus Ag/AgCl) =potential on the pipe surface (cathode) (V versus Ag/AgCl) = anode resistance (Q) Rs= resistance for current flow in seawater outside the pipe (i2) Rc= resistance for current entering the pipe surface (Q) R f= resistance for current flowing in the pipe metal (Q) and 4= total protection current in the loop (A). 

Another information system was installed on the surge line and database was created for real time monitoring of pipe metal temperature to evaluate the possible effect of the fluid stratification. It was proven that the stratification phenomenon does not create unacceptable stresses on the pipe metal. 

Fuel piping Metal Nylon Cheaper to install and noncorrodible... 

If a freeze seal fails, it can result In an immediate loss of primary coolant. Of particular concern would be a failure of a freeze seal in a system connecting to the vessel s lower plenum region, such as the reactor water cleanup (RWCU) system at boiling water reactor (BWR) facilities. The stafFhas estimated that the reactor core could be uncovered in less than 1 hour if the freeze seal failed completely in the RWCU system. Freeze seal failures in secondary systems can also be significant because of the potential for consequential failures, such as the loss of decay heat removal. The thermal stresses on the pressure boundary resulting from the freeze seal may affect the pipe metal integrity. 

The formation of carbonates and bicarbonates reduces the amount of CO2, however this happens at the expense of slow dissolution of the pipe metal. The change in pH is, therefore, only transient and it can be misunderstood. When O2 is present, the above products are again decomposed, such as ... 

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