Asthma risk factors

Influenza vaccine. Influenza vaccine is recommended annually for children age > 6 months with certain risk factors (including but not limited to asthma, cardiac disease, sickle cell disease, HIV, diabetes see MMWR. 2001 50(RR-4) 1-44), and can be administered to all others wishing to obtain immunity. Children aged <12 years should receive vaccine in a dosage appropriate for their age (0.25 mL if age 6-35 months or 0.5 mL if age >3 years). Children aged <8 years who are receiving influenza vaccine for the first time should receive two doses separated by at least 4 weeks. 

The role of atopy in anaphylaxis has not completely been resolved. On the one hand there is for example no evidence of a higher risk of severe reactions in venom-allergic patients. A recent study by Sturm et al. [38] indicated that patients with high total IgE levels predominantly developed mild to moderate reactions. By contrast, atopy may increase the risk and severity of systemic reactions in beekeepers and their family numbers [39]. On the other hand, atopy and in particular allergic asthma are risk factors for food allergy and therefore are also important risk factors for food-induced anaphylaxis. This is most likely also true for exercise-induced anaphylaxis, but also non-IgE-dependent anaphylaxis induced by NSAIDs or contrast media. 

Asthma results from a complex interaction of genetic and environmental factors however, the underlying cause is not well understood. There appears to be an inheritable component, as the presence of asthma in a parent is a strong risk factor for the development of asthma in a child. This risk increases when a family history of atopy is also present.13 Approximately 50% of asthma can be attributed to atopy, and atopic asthma is more common in children than adults.3 Furthermore, atopy in childhood asthma is the strongest prognostic factor for continued asthma as an adult.1,3... 

Devereux G and Seaton A. 2005. Diet as a risk factor for atopy and asthma. J Allergie Clin Inmunol 115 1109-1117. 

Allergic rhinitis is a risk factor for asthma up to 78% of asthma patients have nasal symptoms, and about 38% of allergic rhinitis patients have asthma. 

Pb exposure at low to moderate levels appears to alter T lymphocyte responses in such a way as to increase the risk of atopic disease and some forms of autoimmunity. Increased IgE production following exposure to Pb is among the most frequently reported immune alteration, suggesting that Pb is a possible risk factor for allergic asthma [33, 34, 40, 91, 92] as well as later life allergic disease [32],... 

PERSONAL RISK FACTORS ASSOCIATED WITH DEVELOPMENT OF OCCUPATIONAL ASTHMA... 

Other personal risk factors such as increased body mass index are being considered as to whether they are important to asthma [45,46], Whether emerging risk factors, along with the general increase in atopic diseases from the mid-1960s to the present [47] will have an impact on development and incidence of OA remain to be determined. 

Pre-employment screening of potential workers for risk factors associated with occupational asthma is not viable from a legal/ethical stand or from a practical point of view. Newman-Taylor estimated that seven atopic individuals would have to be denied employment in order to eliminate one case of OA [81]. Since asthma is a complex disease, focus on one risk factor (e.g., atopy) will have little impact on prevention. Investigators have suggested that this can lead to a false sense of control with the opportunity for greater disease [82],... 

King, M.E., Mannino, D.M., and Holguin, F., Risk factors for asthma incidence. A review of recent prospective evidence, Panminerva Med., 46, 97, 2004. 

Jones et al. (49) also point to a possible connection between atopy and risk of byssinosis. Most but not all persons with extrinsic asthma exhibit atopy (50). From observations on 255 workers in four cottonseed crushing mills, Jones et al. (49) conclude that "Atopy and exposure to dust were found to have significant interaction large mean declines in FEVi and FEF25-75 occurred only in the workers exposed to 1 inter dust who were also atopic." They also state "These findings point to atopy as a risk factor in the bronchoconstrictor response to cotton dust aerosol, and, by inference, a risk in byssinosis. 

Kemp, T., Pearce, N., Fitzharris, P., et al. (1997) Is infant immunization a risk factor for childhood asthma or allergy Epidemiology. 8, 678-680. 

While biochemical markers of bone metabolism may be sensitive to the effects of glucocorticoids in the short term, the relation between changes in these markers and intermediate measures, such as bone mineral density, and the more important clinical outcomes of fractures, is unknown. In a random stratified sample of 3222 women in the perimenopausal age range (47-56 years), including 119 women with asthma, bone mineral density was measured to determine whether asthma was a risk factor of osteoporosis and to investigate the effect of inhaled glucocorticoids (102). The subjects had predominantly adult-onset asthma, as the age at diagnosis was over 40 years. There were 26 patients who were treated mainly with... 

It is recommended that allergic rhinitis should be considered as a risk factor for asthma along with other known risk factors. 

In conclusion, the ARIA WHO workgroup emphasized the link between rhinitis and asthma and declared rhinitis a major chronic respiratory disease and a risk factor for the development of lower airway disease. It is therefore critical to treat both airway manifestations in a combined strategy, and immunotherapy has been proven to be a suitable treatment when patients are selected carefully. 

Air pollution, both outdoor and indoor, has been identified as a potential risk factor for both the initiation/induction and the exacerbation of respiratory diseases, especially asthma. Pollutants or... 

What are the risk factors for developing asthma What risk factors does the patient have ... 

Q3 List the risk factors for asthma and the triggers which may exist in Jane s house. 

Risk factors for asthma include genetic susceptibility, infection and exposure to triggers such as cold air, animal products and house dust mites. 

Neukirch C, Henry C, Leynaert B, Liard R, Bousquet J, Neukirch F Is sensitization to Altemaria altemata a risk factor for severe asthma A population-based study. J Allergy Clin Irrrmrmol 1999 103 709-711. 

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