Arsenic contaminants

Tu, S., Ma, L.Q., Fayiga, A.O., and Zillioux, E.J., Phytoremediation of arsenic-contaminated ground-water by the arsenic hyperaccumulating fern Pteris vittatah., International Journal of Phytoremediation, 6 (1), 35-47, 2004. 

Natarajan, S., Stamps, R.H., Saha, U.K., and Ma, L.Q., Phytofiltration of arsenic-contaminated ground-water using Pteris Vittata L. Effect of plant density and nitrogen and phosphorus levels, International Journal of Phytoremediation, 10 (3), 222-235, 2008. 

Figure 9.1. Measured and fitted global annual industrial age As production, (a) by mining (b) released by coal burning (c) released by petroleum burning and (d) gross annual release into the environment (See explanations in the text) (after Han et al., 2003b. Reprinted from Naturwissenschaften, 90, Han F.X., Su Y., Monts D.L., Plodinec M.J., Banin A., Triplett G.B., Assessment of global industrial-age anthropogenic arsenic contamination, pp 396-397, Copyright (2003), with kind permission of Springer Science and Business Media)...

Han F.X., Su Y., Monts D.L., Plodinec M.J., Banin A., Triplett G.B. Assessment of global industrial-age anthropogenic arsenic contamination. Naturwissenschaften 2003b 90 395 101. 

Martin et al. (2007a) investigated the accumulation and potential release of arsenic in a paddy field in Bangladesh irrigated with arsenic contaminated groundwater. The oxalate-extractable fraction related to amorphous hydrous oxide-bound arsenic represented the dominant arsenic form in the surface layer (47%). A high percentage of arsenic was removed by phosphate (22%). 

Berg M, Tran HC, Nguyen TC, Pham HV, Schertenleib R, Giger W (2001) Arsenic contamination of graundwater and drinking water in Vietnam A human health treath. Environ Sci Technol 35 2621-2626... 

Martin M, Violante A, Barberis E (2007a) Fate of arsenite and arsenate in flooded and not flooded soils of South West Bangladesh irrigated with arsenic contaminated water. J Environ Sci Health, Part A 42 1775-1783 Martin M, Violante A, Barberis E (2007b) Comparing surface interaction of arsenite and arsenate on soil colloids I Adsorption. Soil Sci Soc Am J (submitted)... 

Kirk, M.F., T.R. Holm, J. Park, Q. Jin, R. A. Sanford, B.W. Fouke and C. M. Bethke, 2004, Bacterial sulfate reduction limits natural arsenic contamination of groundwater. Geology 32,953-956. 

In air, most arsenic particulates consist of inorganic arsenic compounds, often as As+3. Burning of coal and arsenic-treated wood, and smelting of metals are major sources of atmospheric arsenic contamination (i.e., >1 pg/m3). In general, atmospheric arsenic levels are higher in winter, due to increased use of coal for heating (Pershagen and Vahter 1979). 

White spruce, Picea alba Arsenic-contaminated soil ... 

Soils amended with arsenic-contaminated plant tissues were not measurably affected in C02 evolution and nitrification, suggesting that the effects of adding arsenic to soils does not influence the decomposition rate of plant tissues by soil microorganisms (Wang et al. 1984). The half-life of cacodylic acid is about 20 days in untreated soils and 31 days in arsenic-amended soils (Hood 1985). Estimates of the half-time of inorganic arsenicals in soils are much longer, ranging from 6.5 years for arsenic trioxide to 16 years for lead arsenate (NRCC 1978). 

Sources of arsenic contamination and remediation of mine water at the historical Glen Wills mining area in Northeast Victoria, Australia... 

KEYWORDS arsenic, contaminated aquifer, leaching, adsorbent surface, mineralogy... 

This research is an outgrowth of an earlier project which sought to characterize the mechanism of arsenic metabolism in a population currently drinking arsenic-contaminated water in Taiwan. There were three parts to the study, a cohort study, a case control study for skin cancer, and a study of intra-individual variability associated with chronic arsenic exposure. The latter three research projects are complete and being submitted for publication. The results of this research are highly relevant since they indicate that alterations in methylation capacity may affect arsenic carcinogenesis. 

Consequently, the granular iron hydroxide seems to be suitable for an on site or in situ treatment of arsenic contaminated surface waters. However, the experiment is not yet finished and some more experiments (influence of the dissolved iron, regeneration of the material, and surface characterization) are required before the material can prove its efficiency in a pilot test in the filed. 

J.F. Artiola, D. Zabcik and S.H. Johnson, In situ treatment of arsenic contaminated soil from a hazardous industrial site Laboratory studies. Waste Manage. 10 1, 73-78, 1990.. ... 

Ma, L. Q., Tu, C., Kennelley, E. D., and Komar, K. M., 2000, Phytoremediation of arsenic contaminated soils and wastes, Annual meetings abstracts, American Society of Agronomy, Minneapolis, Minn. November, pp. 5-9. 

Arsenic contaminants may be found in the aquatic and terrestrial environments as a result of anthropogenic inputs and weathering of primary materials. It is known (e.g., Oscarson et al. 1983 Tournassat et al. 2002) that in such environments, manganese oxides like birnessite (b-MnO ) directly and rapidly oxidize As(III) to As(V). However, As(III) oxidation can be inhibited in sediments when additional natural materials lead to coating of MnO by CaC03 (Oscarson et al. 1983). 

Arsenic Contamination of Bangladesh Paddy Field Soils Implications for Rice Contribution to Arsenic Consumption (from Meharg and Rahman, 2003)... 

It was subsequently discovered that many of these wells have high levels of arsenic in the water. It is estimated that 75 million people in Bangladesh are exposed to arsenic-contaminated water and that will result in 200,000 to 270,000 deaths from cancer each year. In addition, people suffer from skin changes on the palms of hands and soles of feet (for additional information see presentation). 

Arsenic is an ancient and well-known hazard and, along with lead and mercury, is an important environmental contaminant. The inorganic form is far more toxic than organic arsenic, which is commonly found in seafood. Arsenic-contaminated drinking water is a worldwide problem that affects millions of people. Human exposure also occurs from arsenic-treated lumber. 

S. (1980) US Patent No. 4202871 Matthess, G. (1981) In situ treatment of arsenic contaminated groundwater. Sci. Total Environ. 21 99-104... 

---