Application strategies

M. Akram, M.C. Stuart, and D.K.Y. Wong, Direct application strategy to immobilize a thioctic acid self-assembled monolayer on a gold electrode. Anal. Chim. Acta 504, 243-251 (2004). 

There are two possible application strategies for the use of 4D-QSAR models as a VHTS. The first is to take a collection of (manifold) 4D-QSAR models and create a consensus 4D-QSAR model. The consensus model is evaluated for each molecule using all of the individual 4D-QSAR models ... 

Three solid-phase application strategies are considered here (1) landfarming, (2) composting, and (3) engineered soil cells. The benefits and limitations of these processes are summarized comparative to other implementation strategies in Table 5.7. 

Peptide dendrimers and related structures are covered in Section 14.1. They represent an important extension of peptide synthesis into novel structures.[13,14] Following the definition of dendrimers and the scope of their applications, strategies for the design and synthesis are described (Section 14.1.2). The routes include syntheses in solution (Section... 

Thompson, C. Neisess, J. Batzer, H., "Field Tests of Bacillus thuringiensis and Aerial Application Strategies on Western Mountainous Terrain", USDA Forest Service Research Paper PNW-230, Pacific Northwest Forest and Range Experiment Station, Portland, Oregon. 1977 p. 12. 

Buerkert, A. Bationo, A. and H.P. Piepho (2001) Efficient phosphorus application strategies for increased crop production in sub-Saharan West Africa.- Field Crops Research 72, 1-15. 

In the case of quadrone (Section 3.2.5), one is pretty much stuck with the complex construction of the fused rings of A, B, and C and elaboration of an applicable strategy centered around this core. On the other hand, the lactone ring D is easy to formulate at the latter stages and therefore the presence of this moiety has no strategic ramifications. 

Partial chemical synthesis is perhaps more realistic. If, for example, we wish to slightly modify the structure of a naturally occurring substance, then ttiis might be possible using chemical processes. The problem here is to identify reagents and reactions which will be specific, both in terms of the site of attack on the natural product and the stereospedfidty of the reaction. We must anticipate, therefore, diat chemical reactions may be used in some cases, but dus is not a universally applicable strategy. 

The preparation of diversely substituted azaindoles is fairly difficult, and there are no generally applicable strategies in the literature. Research by L. Xu et al. showed that 2-substituted-5-azaindoles could be synthesized by the Pd-catalyzed coupling of aminopyridyl iodides with terminal alkynes. The coupling reaction proceeded in good yield under the conditions originally developed by Larock. Therefore, this example can be considered an extension of the Larock indole synthesis. By stopping the reaction early it was shown that the intermediate was an internal alkyne. 

A generally applicable strategy for developmental toxicity risk assessment is depicted in Figure 9.6, although it will be modified to a certain extent for each program. It begins by understanding the theoretical risks associated with the... 

Structure, properties, application, strategy, and practice of chemical synthesis of peptide-nucleic acids 02UK81. 

The reliability of separation/permeation performance is coupled with (a) fouling problems and (b) the stability of the micro(pore) structure of the membrane system. Fouling is a problem in almost all liquid separation applications. Strategies have been developed to cope with this problem, usually in a satisfactory way. 

Application Strategies for the Primary Structure-Activity Relationship Exploration... 

TABLE 1—3. Advantages and Disadvantages of Pharmacoeconomic Application Strategies... 

This chapter gives an overview of different types of redox active ligands and the above mentioned four different application strategies. The number of publications on this concept is growing rapidly, especially over the past few years. Some excellent reviews and essays on this subject have appeared recently a Forum issue of Inorganic Chemistry [4], a Special issue of the European Journal of Inorganic Chemistry [5], a tutorial review article in ACS Catalysis [6] and some other reviews [7] have been used in this chapter as a basis for much of the older work on this subject. This chapter also includes relevant new examples in the field of reactive redox active ligands. 

In order to illustrate the range of application strategies chocolate mousse, fuel oil spill etc.) that are closely related to the chemical structures of the respective crude oil fractions, examples are summarised in Table 2 that stem from the ARCHIMEDES experiments carried out in the German Bight in 1983 and 1985 (Commission 1985). 

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