Acid, thioctic

DL -a-Lipoamide ( -6,8-thioctic acid amide, 5-[l,2]-dithiolan-3-ylvaleric acid amide)... 

C,5H, CIN0, 63845-29-4) see Indalpine 8-chloro-6-oxooctanoic acid ethyl ester (C10H17CIO3 50628-91-6) see Thioctic acid... 

C H 3C103 1071-71-2) see Dopexamine Thioctic acid ethyl 5-allyl-2-hydroxy-3-methoxybenzoate... 

C2H4 74-85-1) see Maprotiline Mibefradil hydrochloride Thioctic acid ethylene carbonate... 

Langry KC, Ratio TV, Rudd RE, McElfresh MW. 2005. The AFM measured force required to rupture the dithiolate linkage of thioctic acid to gold is less than the rupture force of a simple gold-alkyl thiolate bond. Langmuir 21 12064-12067. 

Cilotti, P. (1963). The action of thioctic acid and helenien on visual acuity in reduced lighting in normal subjects (Italian). Ann. Ottalmol. Clin. Ocul. 89 1000-1004. 

Immobilized dihydrolipoamide (thioctic acid) (Gorecki and Patchornick, 1973 Gorecki and Patchornick, 1975) and immobilized N-acetyl-homocysteine thiolactone (Eldjarn and Jellum, 1963 Jellum, 1964) are the two most commonly used immobilized disulfide reductants. In addition, immobilized TCEP provides a reducing matrix that is free of thiols (Thermo Fisher). Such immobilized reductants successfully can be used to reduce many types of biological disulfides, including small molecules like oxidized glutathione and bovine insulin. They... 

Cheng, Q., and Brajter-Toth, A. (1992) Selectivity and sensitivity of self-assembled thioctic acid electrodes. Anal. Chem. 64, 1998-2000. 

Willey, T.M., Vance, A.L., Bostedt, C., van Buuren, T., Meulenberg, R.W., Terminello, L.J., and Fadley, C.S. (2004) Surface structure and chemical switching of thioctic acid adsorbed on Au(lll) as observed using absorption fine structure. Langmuir 20(12), 4939-4944. 

M. Akram, M.C. Stuart, and D.K.Y. Wong, Direct application strategy to immobilize a thioctic acid self-assembled monolayer on a gold electrode. Anal. Chim. Acta 504, 243-251 (2004). 

C. Duan and M.E. Meyerhoff, Immobilization of proteins on gold coated porous membranes via an activated self-assembled monolayer of thioctic acid. Mikrochim. Acta 117,195-206 (1995). 

Mercaptobenzoic acid 4-Mercaptohydrocinnamic acid Thioctic acid... 

Since, in order to decarboxylate pyruvate, the cofactor (6-thioctic acid) must be in its oxidized form, Calvin suggested that, in the presence of light, the coenzyme shifts to the reduced (dithiol) form, thus markedly reducing the rate of incorporation of C14 into the Krebs cycle. Furthermore, Bradley and Calvin236(f) suggested that 6-thioctic acid is an acceptor of... 

The reduced form of diphosphopyridine nucleotide (DPNH), which is used in the reduction of di-O-phosphoglyceronic acid to O-phosphoglycerose, could be regenerated with high efficiency from the oxidized form (DPN ) by the reduced form of 6-thioctic acid, thus supplying the necessary re-... 

Lipoic acid (the other names are a-lipoic acid or thioctic acid) (Figure 29.9) is a natural compound, which presents in most kinds of cells. Lipoic acid (LA) is contained in many food products, in particular in meat, but it is also synthesized in human organism from fatty acids. Earlier, it has been shown that in humans lipoic acid functions as a component of the pyruvate dehydrogenase complex. However, later on, attention has been drawn to the possible antioxidant activity of the reduced form of lipoic acid, dihydrolipoic acid (DHLA) (Figure 29.9). 

Stock solution 4. 100 x stock solution of vitamins was prepared by dissolving biotin (20 mg), folic acid (20 mg), pyrodoxine hydrochloride (100 mg), riboflavin (50 mg), thiamine hydrochloride (50 mg), nicotinic acid (50 mg), pantothenic acid (50 mg), vitamin B12 (1 mg), 4-aminobenzoic acid (50 mg) and thioctic acid (50 mg) in deionized water. The volume was adjusted to 1.0 L. The solution was filtered, sterilized and stored as 10 mL aliquots at —20 °C. 

Dijksma etal. [178] have described the formation of SAMs of thioctic acid on pc-Au electrodes in phosphate buffer of pH = 7.4. It has been found that potentiostatically formed monolayers of this acid have better characteristics than those generated under the open-circuit conditions. Also, a new strategy toward fast immobilization of thioctic SAM has been described [179]. It involved placing the known quantity of thioctic acid solution on a gold electrode surface. This way, one obtained modified electrodes that can be used in the preparation of sensors. 

Some conclusions pertaining to adsorption of 1-pentanol riboflavin and thioctic acid on Au electrode have been drawn from differential capacity-potential curves [274]. It has been found, for instance, that adsorption of these compounds obeys the Langmuir isotherm. Moreover, the free energies of adsorption have been determined. 

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