Density, apparent, bulk

Plot the physical properties of the equilibrium catalyst. The plotted properties will include particle size distribution and apparent bulk density. The graph confirms any changes in catalyst properties. 

Apparent Bulk Density—ABD. The density of the catalyst at which it is shipped either in bulk volume or bags. It is density of the catalyst at minimum fluidization velocity. 

Apparent Bulk Density (ABD) is the density of catalyst as measured, loosely compacted in a specified container. 

Using the catalyst vendor s equilibrium catalyst report, the physical properties of the circulating catalyst may be monitored for any change. Albemarle routinely analyzes a sample of the circulating catalyst inventory among others for physical characteristics, including surface area (SA), metal content, apparent bulk density (ABD), and particle size distribution (PSD). 

The additive mnst have a high degree of physical integrity so that it is able to withstand the severe hydrothermal environment of the FCCU. Factors such as attrition resistance, apparent bulk density, and particle size distribution are critical in retaining the additive in the unit. 

New applications of zeolite adsorption developed recently for separation and purification processes are reviewed. Major commercial processes are discussed in areas of hydrocarbon separation, drying gases and liquids, separation and purification of industrial streams, pollution control, and nonregenerative applications. Special emphasis is placed on important commercial processes and potentially important applications. Important properties of zeolite adsorbents for these applications are adsorption capacity and selectivity, adsorption and desorption rate, physical strength and attrition resistance, low catalytic activity, thermal-hydrothermal and chemical stabilityy and particle size and shape. Apparent bulk density is important because it is related to adsorptive capacity per unit volume and to the rate of adsorption-desorption. However, more important factors controlling the raJtes are crystal size and macropore size distribution. 

Regenerator dimensions Reactor dimensions Catalyst retention in reactor Catalyst retention in generator API of raw oil feed Reactor pressure Regenerator pressure Average particle size Pore volume of catalyst Apparent bulk density Catalyst surface area... 

Ushakumari et al. (2007) developed a process for the preparation of expanded ragi. After parboiling and decortication, the grains were conditioned to 40% moisture, flattened in a roller flaker, and then toasted in salt maintained at 220-225 °C for 6 s. Shape factor (ratio of measurements on two peripendicular axes), the expansion ratio (ratio of the volume of expanded millet to that of the decorticated millet of equal weight), apparent bulk density (volume of known weight of expanded millet), and sensory characteristics were the criteria used. The optimum conditions to prepare a product with the highest expansion ratio was then determined. 

Apparent bulk density the density of a catalyst as measured usually loosely compacted in a container. 

The catalyst used was Katalco 23-1 Primary Reforming Catalyst, a commercial nickel reforming catalyst supported on alumina. Its chemical composition was reported as 10-14% NIO, 0.2% SIO2 balance AI2O3. It was supplied as hollow cylinders of size 5%-in O.D., 5/16-in 1.0. and 3/8-1n long, and had an apparent bulk density of 66 5 lb/ft. The rings were crushed and sieved to obtain the 24/32 mesh cut used In all of the experiments. 

Apparent bulk density (ABD, g/ml). ABD is determined by measuring the mass as a known volume of catalyst settles freely under its own weight. A higher ABD improves cyclone efficiency, in general. Its effect on catalyst circulation depends on the unit design and operation, as well as the particle size distribution. 

The catalyst used was a commercial Cu/SiOg catalyst (Harshaw), with the following characteristics Surface area 4 m /g Pore volume 0.61 m3/g Apparent bulk density 0.5 g/cm Particle size between 1000 and 1600 pm. It was found that both Cu and the promoter Na were located in a thin external layer on the catalyst particles. 

ISO 845-88 Cellular Plastics and Rubbers Determination of Apparent (Bulk) Density - 1988, Second Edition, 6 pp... 

Properties Powder. Apparent bulk density, (fully settled, light) 0.6-0.8 g/cc dense, 1.2-1.4 g/cc high neutron absorption. 

The apparent bulk density (ABD) is a prime consideration of the user and in this respect, ABD of the PDIL catalyst (CD-ED-101) has half of the value of the imported catalyst. Other physical parameters viz. surface area, pore volume, crushing strength, attrition loss etc., considered by the users to select a catalyst for commercial use in the plants, were better for the indigenous catalyst than the imported one. 

Dihydrate, hygroscopic granules, flakes or powder. Apparent (bulk) density 0.835. Freely sol in water, alcohol. Commercial grades contain 73-80% CaCl2. Keep well closed. 

The development of these catalysts occurred in an atmosphere of tight secrecy, and little has been published on those efforts. All three were of the particulate type one contained noble metal(s) while the other two were noble-metal promoted base-metal catalysts (16). The UOP noble metal catalyst was provided several years later to GM and to Ford for evaluation with unleaded fuel and for other studies, and it can be deduced that it was supported on low-density (about 0.32 g/mL apparent bulk density) 1/8 inch spheres (17) and may have contained about 0.47 troy ounces of platinum per cubic foot (ca. 0.16 weight percent), with the platinum concentrated in a subsurface shell some distance below the exterior surfaces of the spheres for improved poison resistance (18) The Cyanamid catalyst was later studied by Ford (16, 19) it apparently was an extrudate (1/8" diameter x 1/8" long) of about 0.67 g/mL ABD, with about 125 ppm (weight) of palladium and 5 weight % each of CuO and 2 5 Si02 95% AI2O3 support of about... 

BS EN ISO 845, Cellular plastics and rubbers—Determination of apparent (bulk) density. 1995. 

ISO 1068. PVC resins - Determination of compacted apparent bulk density. 1975. 

Changes in the apparent (bulk) density (Table 38.1, pap) do not correlate with S and Vp, which are mainly linked to the parameters of prunary particles and aggregates, but the empty space in firmed silica (Vemp (1000 - (pap/ PsiOjll/Pap) cormected to pap (i.e., agglomerates and... 

C and at a pressure of about 30 bar. The catalyst used in the BenSat benzene saturation technology from UOP is based on an alumina support characterized by spherical particles, a surface area of about 160—200m g and an apparent bulk density of about 0.45—0.6. The concentration of platinum metal present on the catalyst may vary from 0.375 to 0.75 wt% (407,408). 

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