Anticaries

Oral Cleansing Products. Toothpastes and mouthwashes are considered cosmetic oral cleansers as long as claims about them are restricted to cleaning or deodorization. Because deodorization may depend on reduction of microbiota in the mouth, several antimicrobial agents, either quaternaries, such as benzethonium chloride [121 -54-0] or phenoHcs, such as triclosan [3380-35-5] are permitted. Products that include anticaries or antigingivitis agents or claim to provide such treatment are considered dmgs. 

The key functions of dentifrices, to remove dental stains and to freshen the oral cavity, are accomplished by abrasive cleaning and the masking or elimination of unpleasant oral odors. Materials designed to deliver antitartar, antiplaque, or anticaries benefits must be compatible with the ability of the dentifrice to tiilfill those two functions. 

Several agents deUvered via toothpaste inhibit the accumulation of dental calculus. Pyrophosphate salts, with or without a methoxyethylene—maleic acid copolymer, and zinc salts have given positive results in clinical trials (5). Pyrophosphates were added as potassium or sodium pyrophosphate or mixtures at a level of about 2—6%. The zinc salt was zinc citrate [546-46-3] (0.5—2.0%) or zinc chloride [7646-85-7] (2.0%). The products all contained fluoride in addition to the calculus inhibitor. The anticaries activity of the fluoride was not compromised (6). 

Some phosphorus-containing surfactants have bacteriostatic properties. In combination with their physiological acceptance they are used in cosmetics and pharmaceuticals. In mutanase oral anticarie compositions the combination of alkyl phosphates and nonionic surfactants stabilizes mutanase. A dentifrice useful for prevention of dental caries contains 0.5% sodium lauryl phosphate and 1.5% polyoxyethylene (20) sorbitan monooleate [222]. 

Synonyms AI3-01719 AIDS-17533 Amatin Anticarie BRN 1912585 Bunt-cure Bunt-no-more Caswell No. 477 CCRIS 325 Co-op hexa EINECS 204-273-9 ENT 1719 EPA pesticide chemical code 061001 Granox Granox NM HCB HCBz Hexa C.B. Julen s carbon chloride Julian s carbon chloride Julin s carbon chloride Julin s chloride No bunt No bunt 40 No bunt 80 No bunt liquid NSC 9243 Pentachlorophenyl chloride Perchlorobenzene Phenyl perchloryl RCRA waste number U127 Sanocid Sanocide Smut-go Snieciotox UN 2729 Voronit C. 

N.Y. Sakkab, W.A. Cilley, J.P. Flaberman, Fluoride in deciduous teeth from an anticaries clinical study, J. Dent. Res. 63 (1984) 1201-1205. 

Synonym HCB, perchlorobenzene, anticarie, Bunt-cure, Bunt-no-more, Julin s carbon chloride... 

A. M. Pfarrer, D. J. White, M. Rapozo-Hilo and J. D. Featherstone (2001). Anticaries and hard tissue abrasion effects of a dual-action whitening, sodium hexametaphosphate tartar control dentifrice. J. Clin. Dent., 13, 50-54. 

The administration of fluoride in drinking water at concentrations of approximately 1 ppm significantly reduces dental caries. The anticaries benefits are similar to those due to natural fluoride in drinking water. Fluoridated drinking water produces the following a 60% lower dental caries rate, a 75% decrease in the loss of 6-year molars, and a 90%i reduction in the incidence of proximal caries of the four upper anterior teeth. 

Sodium fluoride as an ingredient in dentifrices has been the subject of a number of clinical investigations. Recent studies of sodium fluoride dentifrices formulated to ensure ready availability of fluoride ions have shown anticaries benefits similar to those obtained in clinical caries trials with dentifrices containing stannous fluoride and sodium monofluorophosphate. 

Ripa, L.W. Review of the anticaries effectiveness of professionally applied and self-applied topical fluoride gels. J. Public Health Dent. 1989, 49 (5), 297-309. 

Sintes JL, Escalante C, Stewart B, et al. Enhanced anticaries efficacy of a 0.243% sodium fluoride/10% xylitol/silica dentifrice 3-year clinical results. Am J Dent 1995 8(5) 231—235. 

Stephen KW, Creanor SL, Russell JI, Burchell CK, Huntington E, Downie CFA A 3-year oral health dose response study of sodium monofluorophosphate dentifrices with and without zinc citrate trihydrate anticaries results. Comm Dent Oral Epidemiol 1988 16 321-325. 

Hargreaves JA, Chester CG Clinical trial among Scottish children of an anticaries dentifrice containing 2% sodium monofluorophosphate. Comm Dent Oral Epidemiol 1973 1 47-57. 

Duckworth RM, Morgan SN, Ingram GS, Page DJ Oral fluoride reservoirs and their relationship to anticaries efficacy. In Embery G, Rolla G (eds) Clinical and Biological Aspects of Dentifrices. Oxford, Oxford University Press, 1992, pp 91-104. 

Blake-Haskins JC, Mellberg JR, Snyder C Effect of calcium in model plaque on the anticaries activity of fluoride in vitro. J Dent Res 1992 71 1482-1486. 

The various modes of action of F as an anticaries agent have been discussed in detail elsewhere [20,21], The delivery and retention of F at, or close to, the site of action is regarded as an important feature of the successful application of the agent [22, 23], In particular, the maintenance of an elevated, even if low, F concentration adjacent to the tooth surface has long been believed to be the key to achieve optimal caries control [24],... 

In section 6.3, we described studies where the primary aim was to boost the F level in plaque as an anticaries measure. Complementary information is provided by studies of plaque mineralising treatments . 

Continuing the theme of saliva function, Chapter 3 describes environmental factors that affect the mineralization of hard tissue. The author describes in vitro investigations by himself and others on the relative roles of saliva and plaque fluid, and how the presence or absence of a biofilm affects the efficacy of anticaries agents. Other work focuses on the effects of lesion composition and of lesion proximity to dentine on subsequent enamel de- and remineralization behaviour. The author also discusses the importance of how the characteristics of pre-formed artificial lesions can influence subsequent mineralization behaviour in both in vitro and in situ studies. 

ANTICARIE (118-74-1) Combustible liquid (flash point 467°F/242°C). Violent reaction with strong oxidizers, dimethylformamide, liquid oxygen. Incompatible with aluminum, potas.sium, sodium. 

USE As catalyst for organic reactions as stabilizer for acetylated polyformaldehyde in anticaries compositions in seed treatments to repel birds and rodents. 

Hexachlorobenzene, Perchlorobenzene Anticarie Bunt-cure Bunt-no-more Julio s carbon chloride. C Cl4 ... 

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