Anionic surfactants shampoos

Uses Secondary surfactant, thickener, foaming agent for anionic surfactants, shampoos, body washes, foclal cleansers, liq. soaps, paint strippers, metal cleaners, all-purpose, heavy-duty Ind. cleaners Features Good add and altellne stability... 

Anionic Surfactants. In terms of general usage in cosmetic products, the anionics are by far the most widely used and are chiefly found in shampoo systems. They provide the formulator with the basic conditions for preparing these products, ie, foaming, cleansing, and solubiHty. 

Alkyl polyglucoside carboxylate (INCI-name Sodium Lauryl Glucose Carboxylate (and) Lauryl Glucoside, Plantapon LGC SORB) is a new anionic surfactant with excellent performance for personal care cleansing applications. In shampoo and shower bath formulations the anionic surfactant shows a good foaming behavior. In body wash applications it improves sensorial effects. These properties make Plantapon LGC SORB suitable for several cosmetic applications, e.g., mild facial wash gel, mild baby shampoo, mild body wash for sensitive skin, wet wipes, and special sulfate-free shampoo applications. 

The primary application of these alcohols is the manufacture of anionic or nonionic surfactants for personal cleansing products, most of which end up in your wastewater treatment plants and rivers. Microorganisms don t chew up branch-chain surfactants as well as they do the straight ones. It used to be, for example that the surfactant based on the sodium salt of dodecyl benzene sulfonate, a 12-carbon branch chained anionic surfactant, was found to be slowing, down water treatment processes. Dodecyl alcohol as a raw material for these surfactants has been largely replaced by laurel alcohol, a 12-carbon straight-chain, linear alcohol. If you look at the bottle next time you shampoo your hair and rinse, you ll see sulfonates based on laurel alcohol listed, but none based on dodecyl. 

Amnionic surfactants used in shampoos, cosmetics, toothpaste, and laundry products include linear alkylbenzenesulfonates (LAS), alcohol sulfates (AS), alcohol ethoxysulfates (AES), alcohol glycerol ether sulfonates, and alpha-olefin sulfates. Household end use of anionic surfactants in the United States was 7.3 X 105 metric tons in 1987 LAS, AS, and AES accounted for 98% of the total (I). 

Shampoos are commonly formulated in liquid, paste, and gel form and usually consist of high-sudsing anionic surfactant(s) (such as LAS and those previously listed for bars), along with specific ingredients for improved hair health or control (such as antidandruff agents and substantive collagen proicins). 

Use High-foaming anionic surfactant for use in nonirritating shampoos, soaps, and bubble bath. 

Fig. 8-60. Gradient elution of anionic surfactants in a shampoo. - Separator column Hypersil 5 MOS eluent (A) 0.001 mol/L NaOAc, (B) 0.001 mol/L NaOAc — acetonitrile (10 90 v/v) gradient linear, 34% B in 10 min to 45% B flow rate 1 mL/min detection (A) UV (254 nm), (B) direct conductivity injection 50 pL of a 0.2% solution.

A characteristic example in the field of cosmetics is the separation and determination of anionic surfactants in shampoos. The sole sample preparation step required is the dilution of the respective product in de-ionized water and membrane-filtration (0.45 pm) prior to injection. Fig. 8-60 illustrates the gradient elution of anionic surfactants in a commercial shampoo with simultaneous conductometric and UV detection. While the peak pattern with UV detection indicates the presence of alkylbenzene sulfonate (ABS) (see also Fig. 5-40 in Section 5.5), the characteristic peak profile for alkylether sulfate (see Fig. 5-39 in Section 5.5) is also evident in the conductometric chromatogram after visually subtracting the ABS-signal. Therefore, application of ion chromatography provides a way to unequivocally identify surfactant raw materials in finished cosmetic products without the time-consuming sample preparation. 

The change in charge with pH of amphoteric surfactants affects their properties, such as wetting, detergency, and foaming. Atthe i.e.p., the properties of amphoterics resemble those of nonionics very closely, but below and above the i.e.p. the properties shift towards those of cationic and anionic surfactants, respectively. Zwitterionic surfactants have excellent dermatological properties, and also exhibit low eye irritation consequently, they are frequently used in shampoos and other personal care products (e.g., cosmetics). 

Quaternized polymers have been found to improve wet combing and reduce static charge. In general, they can be formulated with anionic surfactants greater deposition occurs with a mixture of amphoteric and nonionic surfactants. Two of the most important examples are Polyquaternium-10, a quaternized hydroxyethylcel-lulose polymer, and Polyquaternium-7, a copolymer of diallyldimethylammonium chloride and acrylamide. These are the two most frequently used polymeric conditioning agents in commercial shampoos [46,47],... 

In a shampoo formula, Polyquaternium-10 and Polyquaternium-7 form negatively charged complexes with excess anionic surfactant [48,50]. These complexes are repulsed by the negatively charged hair surface, resulting in reduced deposition. The magnitude of this effect is determined by the particular anionic employed and the anionic surfactant/polymer ratio. 

It is important to note that cationic quaternary compounds (monoquats) are rarely used alone in two-in-one shampoos because their substantivity to hair is either greatly reduced in the presence of anionic detergents [102] or else they form undesired precipitates with anionic surfactants. Therefore, combinations of anionic, nonionic, amphoteric, and zwitterionic surfactants are often employed to minimize the formation of insoluble complexes. 

U.S. 5145607 (1992) Rich (Takasago) Anionic surfactants (Na, K, NH4 alkyl sulfate) cationic conditioning surfactant Clear conditioning shampoo... 

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