Cleansing bar products

Dove Beauty Bar was developed by Lever Brothers Co., a subsidiary of Unilever in the United States, in the 1950 s. It has had an unusual product lifecycle in that it had a minor share of the U.S. soap market for over 25 years, after which it suddenly underwent a major expansion of market share, becoming the largest selling cleansing bar in the U.S. (as measured by dollar sales) [1,2],... 

As noted above, the original product design problem was to formulate a cleansing bar that did not leave a bathtub ring. In addition to this primary attribute, however, the product had to be generally recognizable as a high qual-... 

The second challenge is to relate the desired product attributes to the material properties of the ingredients and the structure of the product. For example, the development process would have been much more efficient if a model was available to describe the behavior of cleansing bars and structured food products. Without the benefits of predictive models, as is the present status for many consumer products, extensive trial-and-error by experiments are required. Even if a comprehensive model based on first principles is not available, a combination of physical insights and heuristics can still help improve the development process. Chapters 1-2 report some new developments in this area. See also [11] for a more detailed discussion on the issues and needs related to the roles and uses of property models in product design. 

Personal Care Products. Within the broad definition of synthetic detergents, a variety of cleansing products are made for personal care. These include such products as cleansing bars, shampoos, bubble-bath products, cosmetic cleansers, and tooth pastes. Formulations of these products vary widely, depending upon their intended use. 

Although essentially pure soap products continue lo dominate the cleansing-bar field, a few products contain synthetic surfactams in addition 10 soap to act as scum and curd dispersants. Synthetic surfactants used in this application include alkyl sulfates, alkyl glyceryl ether sulfonates, alkyl esters of sodium isothionale. and alkylamides of N-melhyl tauride. 

In 2004, Draelos and coworkers reported the effect of a petrolatum-containing body wash on the treatment of xerotic eczema. In this study, the researchers found that the patients who used a petrolatum-containing body wash in addition to moderate corticosteroid therapy had improved significantly more than the patients who used a more potent topical corticosteroid and a typical synthetic detergent cleansing bar. Thus, the petrolatum s skin treatment benefits were clearly evident, even when it was contained in a wash-off product.86... 

Syndet bars contain no soap and, again, often rely on SCI to give mild cleansing, often in combination with sulphosuccinate and alkyl sulphates. Syndets have a small share of the cleansing bar market and are often marketed as a care product, rather than as a simple cleansing bar. 

Thus, a combination of coconut (C10 C12) and tallow (C16 -C1X) fatty acids is most suitable from the viewpoint of providing a balance in lathering attributes to deliver consumer-acceptable lather. Commonly accepted ratios of these soap feedstocks are 80-85 percent tallow and 15-20 percent coconut oil for standard purpose bars and 60-70 percent tallow, 30-40 percent coconut oil for the higher lathering bar-soap products. Cleansing bars formulated with free fatty acids (superfatting) improves the quickness of lather generation and provides an open bubbly foam. Commonly accepted levels... 

Jawaorski, R.J., New Developments in Personal Cleansing—Bar and Body Wash Products, AOCS Meeting, October 1997. 

Combo bars are products having active ingredients by combination of a synthetic and soap. The soap base should be at least 10%. Although combo bars are often considered cleansing bars based on soaps to which some lime-soap dispersants are added, their look and performance characteristics are generally closer to a syndet rather than a toilet soap. This is because the synthetic active ingredient is more effective than soap. 

In the United States and Europe, the mildness concept is led by isethionate for a cleansing bar by Lever Brothers (Unilever Affiliate), followed by an amphoteric surfactant and nonionic alkylglycocide, which are really secondary surfactants to reduce the potential for irritation with a combination of typical anionics. The utilization of acylamino acid surfactants has just started in Western markets. In Europe, Biersdorf was the first company to use acylglutamate in a product for the mass market, although several upscale cosmetic cleansers pioneered its use on a small scale. 

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