Anion polymethacrylate

Sodium polymethacrylates are also anionic and are useful as iron oxide dispersants and iron stabilizers. Typical MWs range from 6,000 to 20,000. Examples include Polacryl F70-40S, Tamol 850, Tamol 960, and Aquatreat AR-232. 

Polymethacrylate Weak anion exchanger (tertiary amine) ProSwift WAX Dionex Corporation 50x4.6mm 50x 1 mm Ion exchange chromatography of proteins... 

Kabanov AV, Bronich TK, Kabanov VA, Yu K, Eisenberg A. Soluble stoichiometric complexes from poly(A-ethyl-4-vinylpyridinium) cations and poly(ethylene ox de)-block-polymethacrylate anions. Macromolecules 1996 29 8999. 

Polymethacrylate ProtEx-DEAE Strong anion Diethylaminoethyl 5 100 2-11 Mitsubishi Kasei... 

Anionic Catalysis Several bulky methacrylates afford highly isotactic, optically active polymers having a single-handed helical structure by asymmetric polymerization. The effective polymerization mechanism is mainly anionic but free-radical catalysis can also lead to helix-sense-selective polymerization. The anionic initiator systems can also be applied for the polymerization of bulky acrylates and acrylamides. The one-handed helical polymethacrylates show an excellent chiral recognition ability when used as a chiral stationary phase for high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) [97,98]. 

Bronich, T.K., Kabanov, A.V., Kabanov, V.A, Yu, K. and Eisenberg, A. (1997) Soluble complexes from poly(ethylene oxide)-block-polymethacrylate anions and N-alkylpyridinium cations. Macromolecules, 30, 3519-3525. 

Solvent dyes [1] cannot be classified according to a specific chemical type of dyes. Solvent dyes can be found among the azo, disperse, anthraquinone, metal-complex, cationic, and phthalocyanine dyes. The only common characteristic is a chemical structure devoid of sulfonic and carboxylic groups, except for cationic dyes as salts with an organic base as anion. Solvent dyes are basically insoluble in water, but soluble in the different types of solvents. Organic dye salts represent an important type of solvent dyes. Solvent dyes also function as dyes for certain polymers, such as polyacrylonitrile, polystyrene, polymethacrylates, and polyester, in which they are soluble. Polyester dyes are principally disperse dyes (see Section 3.2). 

It seems, however, that only polyanions are chiefly concerned in the interferon induction. Further polymers having anionic groups have been investigated besides poly(nucleic acid)s and co-(cyclopolymers) 8, for which a partial hydrolysis of the anhydride moiety is supposed. Thus, poly(vinylsulfonate)s or polyacrylates have been found to be active, but, polymethacrylates inactive. It has been shown that in the case of acrylic acid copolymers the molecular weight is also of importance in addition to the structure of the polymer chain and the fraction of carboxy groups. The influence of these various parameters has been discussed in detail by De Somer (45). 

Because LiCl-mediated anionic polymerization of methacrylates is living, the addition of a second monomer to living polymethacrylate chains expectedly results in diblock copolymers, such as PtBuA-fc/ock-PMMA , PtBAEMA-/)Zock-PMMA , PtBMA-block-VGMA , PtBAEMA-fc/ock-PtBuMA and PtBMA-/)Zock-PDMAEMA 4. 

Polymerization or copolymerization of properly snbstitnted methacrylates is a direct and very effective strategy for the preparation of polymers grafted by a series of substituents. For instance, polymethacrylate containing amino groups was prepared by living LiCl-mediated anionic polymerization of 2-(dunethylamino)ethyl methacrylate (DMAEMA) °° and 2-(f-butylamino)ethyl methacrylate in THF at —78 °C. Mixtures of DMAEMA and tBuMA were also copolymerized . 

For coupling to be selective, the chain to be coupled must be end-capped by mutually reacting groups. For example, a living anionic polyacrylate or polymethacrylate can be directly coupled to any polymer or copolymer end-capped by a suitable electrophile. Fladjichristidis and coworkers coupled living anionic PMMA chains with the living PtBuA anion of PS- Zoc -PtBuA by reaction with l,2-bis(bromomethyl)benzene, with formation of a triblock copolymer . ... 

Polymethacrylates are synthetic cationic and anionic polymers of dimethylaminoethyl methacrylates, methacrylic acid, and methacrylic acid esters in varying ratios. Several different types are commercially available and may be obtained as the dry powder, as an aqueous dispersion, or as an organic solution. A (60 40) mixture of acetone and propan-2-ol is most commonly used as the organic solvent. See Tables I and III. 

Polystyrene-based anion and cation exchangers, polymethacrylic add cellulose-based anion and cation exchangers substance-spedfic complexing tigands... 

In the following text we focus on cylindrical brushes prepared by polymerization of macromonomers, in particular on two systems. First, cylindrical brushes consisting of poly-2-vinylpyridine side chains and a poly-methacrylic main chain are discussed these were converted into cationic polyelectrolyte brushes by quaternization of the pyridine units by alkyl halides. The second system comprises sulfonated anionic cylindrical brushes, i.e. polymacromonomers with polystyrene side and main chains and polymacromonomers with polymethacrylic main and polymethacrylic acid side chains. 

As discussed so far in this section, the helical polymethacrylates are synthesized predominantly using anionic polymerization techniques. However, recently, more versatile, inexpensive, and experimentally simple free-radical polymerization has been proved to be an alternative, effective way to prepare helical polymethacrylates from some monomers. Although the stereochemical control of radical polymerization is generally more difficult compared with that in other types of polymerization,69 an efficient method would make it possible to synthesize helical, optically active polymers having functional side chains by direct radical polymerization without using protective groups. In the radical polymerization of bulky methacrylates, helix-sense selection is governed by the chirality of a monomer itself or an additive. 

Free-radical and anionic polymerizations of TAD-DOL—MA (30) proceed exclusively via a cyclization mechanism, and the obtained polymer seems to have a helical conformation with an excess helicity.92-94 The main chain structure of poly(TADDOL—MA) with cyclized units (poly-30) is different from that of all other polymethacrylates discussed here. Similar monomers have been synthesized and polymerized.95... 

Styrene/divinylbenzene copolymers, polymethacrylate, and polyvinyl resins are the most important organic compounds that were tested for their suitability as substrate materials in the manufacturing process for polymer-based anion exchangers. 

With a 50 X 4.6 mm column packed with a polymethacrylate anion exchanger of 30 3 p/mL capacity, the chromatographic behavior of several anions was studied by direct photometric detection at 210 nm. Linear plots were obtained for log k (log retention factor) vs. log NaCl concentration in the eluent (Fig. 6.15). 

Polydectrolytes Polyacrylic acid, -(CH2-CH-COOH) -. At pH > 5, ionisation of the carboxylic acid groups occurs forming an anionic polyelectrolyte. Polyacrylic acid/polymethacrylic acid, (CH2-CH-COO ) - (CH2-C (CH3)-COO ). Naphthalene formaldehyde sulphonated condensates, Hgnosulphonates. 

The three most important commercial VI improver families each represent one of the most important commercial techniques for manufacturing high molecular weight polymers, thus polymethacrylates by free-radical chemistry, olefin copolymers by Ziegler chemistry and hydrogenated styrene-diene or copolymers by anionic polymerization. 

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