Polymethacrylic acid resin

An electrochemical method projected for the determination of the effective volume of a colloidally dispersed polyelec-trolyte phase in aqueous media was evaluated. Experiments with the highly flexible Sephadex (carboxymethyldextran) gel and the more rigidly cross-linked polymethacrylic acid resin were performed for this purpose. With the well-defined resin (gel) phase it was possible to measure the polymer volume as a function of every experimental condition used to test fully the fundamental concepts on which the method is based. The results substantiate the validity of concepts developed. Application of this method for estimating the effective volume of weakly acidic (basic) polymers in solution seems worthy of further consideration. However, some modification of the treatment of the electrochemical data is necessary for polymeric sols, and this aspect is discussed briefly. 

The radioactively labeled proteins of the mitochondrial membranes were separated using an amphipathic chromatographic system The stationary phase of this system is polymethacrylic acid resin, some of the carboxylic groups of which are linked to oleylamine by means of an amide bond (as outlined in Fig. 3). The mobile phase is a solution of the detergents cholate and deoxycholate. Thus, the mobile phase and the resin... 

Fig. 3. Preparation of the oleyl-polymethacrylic acid resin. Commercial polymethacrylic acid resin (Amberlite CG 50 III) was refluxed with thionylchloride the excess thionylchloride was removed the partially chlorinated, partially anhydrated resin was suspended in dichloro-methane and oleylamine and triethylamine were added. The resulting resin contained 3.6 meq/g COOH, 66.3% C, 9.6% H, and 2.2%...

Fig. 4. Chromatographic separation of mitochondrial membrane proteins on oleyl-polymethacrylic acid resin. The chromatography was performed with double-labeled mitochondrial membrane proteins. [ CJleucine was incorporated in the absence and [ H]-leucine in the presence of cycloheximide. The specific C radioactivity of proteins was 94 counts X min x (Mg protein)" For detail see ref. 22.

Fig. 2.77. Ion-exchange resins, a = nafion b = the Asahi structure similar to nation s c = polyimines d = polyphosphates e = polyacrylic add f = polymethacrylic acid g = polyvinylpyridine h = polysterene sulphonic add.

As anticipated, upon reaction of this polymeric ester under hydrogen with phosphonium iodide, the poly(methacrylic acid) which had formed in an 84% yield showed no optical activity. When the same ester was copolymerized with three molar equivalents of maleic anhydride, the resulting ester-anhydride copolymer had an optical rotation of [hydrogen with phosphonium iodide, the resulting polymethacrylic acid had an optical rotation of = +23° (Note the reversal of the optical rotation in this case.) This appears to have been the first demonstration of a case of asymmetric induction during vinyl polymerization. 

Uses Carboxylated comonomer for polyacrylic and polymethacrylic acids, other acrylic acids, acrylic polymers, styrene-butadiene, vinyl acetate, nitrile latex comonomer for radiation-cured polyester/polyurethane resin paints antimigrant for pigment pad dyeing pigment print emulsifier... 

The acid chlorides of both acrylic and methacrylic acids polymerize by free-radical mechanism in dry aromatic and aliphatic solvents. Molecular weights of the products, however, are low, usually under 10,000 [273, 274]. Polyacrylic and polymethacrylic acids are used industrially as thickeners in cosmetics, as flocculating agents, and when copolymerized with divinyl benzene in ion-exchange resins. 

Xylene Polymethacrylate Ethyl cellulose Abietic acid resin ... 

PMR spectroscopy has been applied to the characterisation of a wide range of homopolymers including PMMA [286-289], PVC [290-294], PS [293, 295, 296], polyvinyl ethers [297-300], polyacrylic acid [301], poly(methyl-a-chloroacrylate) [302], carboxy terminated polybutadiene [303], poly(a-methyl styrene) [304], natural rubber [305-307], chlorinated polyisobutylenes [308], sulfonated PS resins [309, 310], polyvinyl phenyl ether [311], lactone polyester [312], chlorinated PVC [313], PC [314], poly 1,3 butadiene [315], poly-2-allyl phenyl acrylate [316], poly(4-methyl-pentene-1) [317], polymethacrylic acid [318], PP [296], cyclic ethers [319], polymethacrylonitrile [320], poly(a-methyl styrene) tetramer [321], PEG [322], PE [289], polyacrylamide [311], polymethylacrylamide [323], polypyrrolidone [324], polychloroprene [325], phenol formaldehyde resins [326, 327], Nylon 66 [328], polyvinylidene fluoride [329], polyvinyl formate [330], polyacrylonitrile [331], epoxy resins [332], allyl biguanide [333], poly(2-isopropyl-2-oxazollines) [334] and trehalose vinyl benzyl ether [335]. 

Methacrylic acid and its esters are useful vinyl monomers for producing polymethacrylate resins, which are thermosetting polymers. The extruded polymers are characterized by the transparency required for producing glass-like plastics commercially known as Plexiglas ... 

Polymethacrylate and polyvinyl resins play only a secondary role in the manufacture of cation exchangers. Presently, the only polymethacrylate-based cation exchanger is offered by Sykam (Gauting, Germany) under the trade name LCA K02. This column differs from its PS/DVB analogue (see Table 3-24) only in the particle size (5 pm) and exchange capacity (0.4 mequiv/g). With a tartaric acid eluent, this phase is preferred for the analysis of heavy and transition metals. 

A A-isopropylacrylamide-bound hydroxamic acid copolymer 34 was prepared by the reaction of poly(A-isopropyl acrylamide)-co-(2-acryl-oxysuccinimide) with 6-aminohexanehydroxamic acid [95], This water-soluble copolymer quantitatively separates from aqueous solution after Fe uptake and its concentration is reduced from 15.5 ppm to 116 ppb. Poly(hydroxamic acid) beads prepared from polymethacrylate strongly complex Cu(II), Fe(III) and Pb(II) at pH 5 [96], In addition, Co(II), Cu(II) and Fe(II) were selectively eluted from the resin at pH 4, and Pb(II) and Ni(II) with 4 M HNO3. 

Stationary phases containing carboxylic acid functional groups are now frequently used for I EC instead of strong-acid sulfonated resins. The carboxylic acid particles are often a polymethacrylate gel. These materials have found extensive use for the analysis of low concentrations of both cations and anions in acid rain. Acid rain caused by SO2 and NOx in air is a major environmental pollution problem in many parts of the world. The major cationic components of acid rain are Na, NH4, K, Mg and Ca, and the major anionic components are cr, NOg and SO4 . The ionic balance between the total positive charge and negative charge of... 

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