Naphthalene formaldehyde sulphonate

Fillers are often employed to reduce the surface tack of the final product. Examples are talc and china clay. If powdered materials are added directly to a latex they compete for the emulsion stabiliser present and tend to coagulate the latex. They are therefore added as an aqueous dispersion prepared by ball milling the filler with water and a dispersing agent, for example a naphthalene formaldehyde sulphonate at a concentration of about 1% of the water content. Heat and light stabilisers which are solids must be added in the same way. 

Polydectrolytes Polyacrylic acid, -(CH2-CH-COOH) -. At pH > 5, ionisation of the carboxylic acid groups occurs forming an anionic polyelectrolyte. Polyacrylic acid/polymethacrylic acid, (CH2-CH-COO ) - (CH2-C (CH3)-COO ). Naphthalene formaldehyde sulphonated condensates, Hgnosulphonates. 

The sulphonated aromatic condensation products form a large and varied group, since formaldehyde will condense with many aromatic compounds [330], including sulphonated arylamines, phenols and aliphatic ketones the range of commercially important products is relatively limited, however. One of the oldest is the condensation product of naphthalene-2-sulphonic acid and formaldehyde (10.99), in which the degree of condensation is thought to... 

Concrete may use plasticizers (e.g., sulphonated melamine and naphthalene formaldehyde condensates), air-entraining agents (aIkyI/aryl sulfonate surfactants), retarders (hydroxy carboxylic acids such as polyethylene glycol mono-p-nonylphenyl ether) and surface washes (benzalkonium chloride) (RAIA 1997). Little has been published on air emissions from concrete additives, their leaching into surface waters appearing to be of greater environmental concern (Ruckstuhl, 2001). 

A good example of polyelectrolytes is sulphonated alkyl naphthalene formaldehyde condensates ... 

Wetting agents. These facilitate the wetting of surfaces and aid colloidal stability without foaming. Naphthalene sulphonate/formaldehyde is the most common wetting agent. 

Naphthalene and other aromatic hydrophobes are also used to produce sulphonates, such as structure 9.17. Of greater importance, however, are the more complex condensation products that form the basis of many excellent dispersing, resist and aftertreating (syntan) agents. Typical examples are the condensation products of naphthalenesulphonates with formaldehyde, and the lignosulphonates derived from pulping processes these are described in more detail in section 10.6.1. 

Stability of surfactants in a water matrix, even using different preservation agents, is poor and serious, quantitative and qualitative changes in sample integrity occur if the storage exceeds 7 days. The most suitable preservation additive is formaldehyde (minimum 3%) for non-ionic surfactants and LAS, and acidification to pH < 3 for benzene and naphthalene sulphonates. However, storage for longer than 7 days is not recommended. 

Naphthalene sulphonic acid -formaldehyde condensates Dispersants... 

Mannich reaction of propiophenone with formaldehyde and dimehtylamine yields the corresponding amino ketone, which on treatment with benzylmagnesium bromide gives rise to the corresponding amino alcohol. Esterification of this alcohol with propionic anhydride forms the levopropoxyphene base, which on reaction with an equimolar quantity of 2-naphthalene sulphonic aeid gives the official compoimd. 

Sodium naphthalene sulphonate, formaldehyde condensate Concentration % 40... 

Sodium naphthalene sulphonate formaldehyde condensate Concentration % 92... 

Commercial polymerizations are typically carried out in jacketed glass-lined kettles at about 40 C using potassium persulphate as initiator with the emulsifier being formed in situ using rosin, aqueous caustic soda and the sodium salt of a naphthalene sulphonic acid-formaldehyde condensation product. Monomer conversion is followed by measuring the specific gravity of the emulsion. In the case of sulphur-modified polychloroprenes polymerization may be... 

Sodium naphthalene sulphonate Potassium chloride fert-Dodecyl mercaptan p-Menthane hydroperoxide Ferrous sulphate (FeS04-7H20) Ethylenediamine tetraacetic acid sodium salt Sodium formaldehyde sulphoxylate... 

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