Anaerobic activity

Anaerobic Contact. This process can be considered as an anaerobic activated sludge because sludge is recycled from a clarifier or separator to the reactor. Siace the material leaving the reactor is a gas—Hquid—soHd mixture, a vacuum degasifier is required to separate the gas and avoid floating sludge ia the clarifier. 

Pit morphology is particularly interesting. The major depression is cavernous and shows lateral propagation. However, only a small weeping perforation is present. It is tempting to speculate that once the pipe wall was breached, air in the vicinity of the perforation limited anaerobic activity, thus producing the laterally propagating pit. 

Beller HR, AM Spormann (1997a) Anaerobic activation of toluene and o-xylene by addition to fumarate in denitrifying strain T. J Bacteriol 179 670-676. 

Tinidazole, a second-generation nitroimidazole with protozoal and anaerobic activity, has been available outside the United States for over 30 years.18 Recently, the Food and Drug Administration (FDA) approved it for use in the United States. As a single 2-g dose, tinidazole has an efficacy equivalent to a 2-g dose of metronidazole. Tindazole also has a longer half-life than metronidazole, 14 and 7 hours respectively, and penetrates into male reproductive tissue better than metronidazole. 

Table 1 below represents the types of biocides that were used during the pulping process and subsequent biocides that have been introduced over the last few years to assist in the reduction of microbial contamination. In general, they types of biocides that are now being utilised are fast acting bactericides to prevent the anaerobic activity which results in the production of odours and blackened pulp. 

In their study of untrained vs. trained swimmers, Collomp et al.40 suggested that specific training may be the catalyst that stimulates caffeine s ergogenic effects during high intensity, anaerobic activity. The results of many studies have also suggested that only well-trained athletes derive significant benefits from caffeine due to the athletes previously stimulated lipolytic activity and the increased size and density of their mito-chondria.40-52-58-59... 

In engineering terms, a sanitary landfill is also sometimes identified as a bioreactor due to the presence of anaerobic activities in the wastes. As such, landfilling sites need the incoming waste stream top be monitored, as well as placement and compaction of the waste, and installation of landfill environmental monitoring and control facilities. Gas vent and leachate collection pipes are important features of a modem landfill. 

During incubation, anaerobic activity predominated as discussed previously, and Mn was reduced. Cobalt transformation closely followed the pathways of Mn transformation in the two soils throughout the whole period of the saturated paste incubation. The transformation of Co by itself may... 

Only a few studies have been directly concerned with chemical and biological processes in sewer sediments. However, relatively high anaerobic activity in terms of H2S formation of sediment deposits compared with what is generally observed in sewer biofilms is observed (Section 6.2.5). This activity may indicate H2S formation in the deep parts of the sediment caused by the production... 

Heterotrophic and autotrophic bacteria are important participants in the restoration industry. Both types are indigenous to almost every site. The subsurface environment includes many thousands of species of microbes, which act in harmony to support each other. Waste products from one group become nutrients for another. When free oxygen is depleted, anaerobic activity increases. Thus, it is often convenient to consider microbiological activity as a series of processes resulting from bacterially mediated oxidation-reduction reactions. 

Mege, R. M. and Bourdillon, C. (1985) Nickel controls the reversible anaerobic activation/ inactivation of the Desulfovibrio gigas hydrogenase by the redox potential. ]. Biol. Chem., 260, 14701-6. 

The COj concentration in the subsurface may be different in small and large pores and vary as a function of the aerobic or anaerobic activity of the microbial population. Paul and Clark (1989) showed that a change from aerobic to anaerobic metabolism occurs at an concentration of less than 1% (by volume). The overall aeration of the soil layer is not as important as that of individual aggregates. Calculations show that water-saturated aggregates larger than 3 mm in radius have no in their center (Harris 1981). This means that aerobic and anaerobic zones may coexist in a porous medium even under partially saturated conditions. 

Suidan MT, Cross WH, Kahn KA, et al. 1981. Treatment of phenol and substituted phenols with an anaerobic activated carbon filter. Chem Water Reuse 2 509-520. 

Influences anaerobe activity and Influences gene toxicity and... 

The use of creatine by high-profile athletes around the world has also increased its popularity among youth and adolescents, who are taking the supplement in record numbers. A recent survey by the Healthy Competition Foundation found that 390,000 children between 10 and 14 years of age had taken performance-enhancing supplements of some type, and 57% of all respondents had used creatine. Unfortunately, there has not been a similar rise in education efforts about the supplement, and many who supplement with creatine do so in a manner that is inconsistent with the current clinical research (i.e., oversupplementation, use for non-anaerobic activities, etc.), possibly endangering their health. 

The biodegradation of crude oils in their reservoirs is well documented (M, 22). It occurs in the presence of meteoric water which supplies dissolved oxygen and nutrients including phosphate and fixed nitrogen. Microenvironments may exist in which aerobic and anaerobic activities occur in close proximity so that intermediates of aerobic metabolism may become substrates for anaerobic bacteria. In reservoirs, microbes are most active at the oil-water interface and at temperatures between about 20° and 60 to 75°C. 

Antihelmintic [305], antibacterial [306], aerobic, microaerobic, anaerobic activity [307, 308], against Salmonella typimurium, Campylobacter spp. Bacteroides spp. [192], T. vaginalis [309, 310], Schistosoma haematobium, Schistosoma mansoni, [310, 311], Salmonella [312], Campylobacter fetus subsp. jejuni [313], toxicity in hypoxic cells, structure-activity [127] Aerobic, vicroaerobic, anaerobic activity [307]... 

Until recently, interest in the recycle process was limited to the treatment of high strength-low sohds industrial wastes such as meat packing wastes (1). Such systems encountered solids separation problems arising from buoyancy imparted by rising fermentation gas bubbles. Vacuum degasification has solved this problem, and hence the "anaerobic activated sludge process is feasible for industrial waste applications. 

Moxifloxacin and gatifloxacin have expanded spectrums of activity that include improved grampositive (S. pneumoniae) and anaerobic activity (Bacteroides fragilis). 

In vitro and in vivo data on a tolypomycin Y derivative with Improved activity as well as the anaerobic activity of tiamulin, were published. The total syntheses of (-) vermiculine,nocardicin A, malono-micin, capreoraycin,and erythronolide B were reported. 

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