Gentamicin Amphotericin

Dopamine is degraded by alkaline preparation and is incompatible with sodium bicarbonate solutions, furosemide, ampicillin, amphotericin, gentamicin sulfate, cephalothin sodium, oxacillin sodium, and thiopentone sodium. Percussion or excessive heat may cause an explosion with undiluted erythrityl tetranitrate. Care must be exercised to avoid contact with skin, eyes, and mucous membranes when handling ethacrynic acid. Sodium ethacrynate solutions are incompatible and less stable at very high pH, below pH 5, and at higher temperatures. 

Prolonged presence of the drug at the site of injection is the aim of liposome encapsulation of drugs, which are injected in the vitreous body. Both amphotericin and gentamicin in liposome formulations were cleared from the injection site significantly more slowly than the free drug residence times depended on liposome size and, in some cases, on bilayer composition (Tremblay et al., 1985 Barza et al., 1985, 1987 Fishman et al., 1986). 

However, it is important to note that the addition of nephrotoxic agents, such as amphotericin B, aminoglysides (e.g., gentamicin, tobramidn, or amikacin), and non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs e.g., naproxen, ibuprofen, or ketorolac) may potentiate the nephrotoxic effects of the calcineurin inhibitors. 

Drugs with Synergistic Nephrotoxicity Gentamicin Amphotericin B... 

The test medium used for the virucidal assays was Minimum Essential Medium (MEM) supplemented with 1-10% (v/v) heat inactivated FBS. The medium may also be supplemented with one or more of the following 10 pg/ml gentamicin, 100 units/ml penicillin, and 2.5 pg/ml amphotericin B. 

Endothelial cells are maintained in a basal culture medium, such as DMEM or a proprietary medium supplied with the cells, which is supplemented with hydrocortisone (lug/mL). epidermal growth factor (EGF 100 ug/mL) bovine fibroblast growth factor (FGF 1 ng/mL), antibiotics (gentamicin and amphotericin, at 50 ug/mL) and fetal calf serum (2-10%). Alternatively, bovine brain extract (3 ug/mL) can be used instead of EGF and FGF. The cells are cultured in either standard tissue culture flasks directly on plastic or on flasks coated with collagen. The cells are grown to confluence and subcultured and reseeded in a ratio of 1 3. For all experiments primary endothelial cells should be used between passages 3 and 12. 

Clinically important, potentially hazardous interactions with amikacin, amphotericin B, delavirdine, drugs causing kidney toxicity, foscarnet, gentamicin, hydroxyurea, pentamidine, tobramycin... 

Clinically important, potentially hazardous interactions with amphotericin B, colistin, gentamicin... 

Noninterfering acyclovir, amikacin, amphotericin B, cefazolin, ceftazidime, clindamycin, gentamicin, metronidazole, piperacillin, trimethoprim, sulfamethoxazole... 

Noninterfering acetaminophen, acyclovir, allopurinol, amoxicillin, amphotericin B, am-picillin, aspirin, azlocillin, bendrofluazide, bumetanide, buprenorphine, carbenidllin, cefazolin, cefotaxime, cefoxitin, ceftazidime, cefuroxime, cephalexin, chlorambucil, chloramphenicol, chlordiazepoxide, chlorpheniramine, chlorpropamide, cyclophosphamide, cyclosporin, C5d arabine, daunorubicin, dextropropoxyphene, dihydrocodeine, domperidone, flucytosine, furosemide, gentamicin, griseofulvin, melphalan, methotrexate, metochlo-pramide, metronidazole, miconazole, nabilone, netilmicin, nicotinamide, nitrazepam, penicillin G, piperacillin, prednisolone, procarbeizine, prochlorperazine, riboflavin, rifampin, sulfamethoxazole, thioguanine, tobramycin, tolbutamide, trimethoprim... 

Nephrotoxicity Renal toxicity usually takes the form of acute tubular necrosis. This adverse effect, which is often reversible, is more common in elderly patients and in those concurrently receiving amphotericin B, cephalosporins, or vancomycin. Gentamicin and tobramycin are the most nephrotoxic. 

One study su ested that amphotericin B decreased the clearance of amikacin and gentamicin. The concurrent use of aminoglycosides and amphotericin B can result in nephrotoxicity. 

A study found that amikacin or gentamicin clearance was impaired in 12 of 17 children given amphotericin B. Serum creatinine increased by 50% or more in 3 of them, but there was no significant increase in creatinine levels in 7 others. As a result, the aminoglycoside dose was decreased or the dose interval lengthened in 7 children. ... 

The renal function of 4 patients receiving moderate doses of gentamicin deteriorated when they were given amphotericin B. Both drugs are known to be nephrotoxic and it is suggested, on the basis of what was seen, that eombined use may have had additive nephrotoxic effects. A further ret-rospeetive analysis found that the use of amikacin tended to increase am-photeriein B-related nephrotoxicity. ... 

A study assessing the risk factors for nephrotoxicity with aminoglycosides (tobramycin and gentamicin) enrolled 1489 patients, 157 of whom developed clinical nephrotoxicity. Of these patients 118 had no immediately identifiable cause (sueh as acute renal failure) and further evaluation of other risk factors found that the concurrent use of amphotericin B significantly increased the risk of nephrotoxicity. ... 

Gentamicin (GIBCO, Life Technologies, Thermo Fisher Scientific) Fungizone Amphotericin B (GIBCO, Life Technologies, Thermo Fisher Scientific)... 

Detach H5 insect cells grown to confluence in six (75 cm ) or three (150 cm ) culture flasks (approximately 1.8 x 10 cells) and seed into a Fembach culture flask in 150 mL F15 Insect-Xpress medium supplemented with 0.2% (v/v) Pluronic F-68, 50 pg/mL gentamicin, and 2.5 i /mL amphotericin B. 

---