Amines determination of primary

Tertiary amines determination of primary plus secondary amines... 

Akzo Chemie Method VE/1.005 Fatty amines Determination of primary, secondary and tertiary amine. 

Akzo Chemie Method VE/2.005 Fatty tertiary amines Determination of primary and secondary amine. 

The determination of primary amines on the macro scale is most conveniently carried out by titration in non-aqueous solution (Section 10.41), but for small quantities of amines spectroscopic methods of determination are very valuable. In some cases the procedure is applicable to aromatic amines only, and the diazotisation method described for determination of nitrite (Section 17.38) can be adapted as a method for the determination of aromatic primary amines. On the other hand, the naphthaquinone method can be applied to both aliphatic and aromatic primary amines. 

Liu, J., Hsieh, Y.-Z., Wiesler, D., Novotny, M., Design of 3-(4-carboxybenzoyl)-2-quinolinecarboxaldehyde as a reagent for ultrasensitive determination of primary amines by capillary electrophoresis using laser fluorescence detection, Anal. Chem., 63, 408, 1991. 

This also explains the use of pyridine in acetic anhydride as an acetylating reagent6 in the determination of primary or secondary alcohols and amines according to the following sequential reactions (with ROH as an example) ... 

Citron IM, Allan M (1964) Spectrophotometric determination of primary amines in aqueous solution with copper-(ethylenedinitrilo) tetraacetic acid. Anal Chem 36(1) 208-210... 

Modifications of the Bratton-Marshall method mentioned in Section IV.D.3.g can be used for sensitive spectrophotometric detection and determination of primary aromatic and heterocyclic amines. Thus, a simple spectrophotometric determination of the cardioprotective agent acadesine (142) was developed, to measure concentrations of the drug in plasma during intravenous infusion to patients undergoing coronary artery bypass graft surgery336. 

A spectrophotometric method for determination of primary and secondary amines requires development for each particular compound, determining the kinetics of reaction of the amine with sodium l,2-naphthoquinone-4-sulfonate (143) and the UVV absorption spectrum of the product, under a set of fixed conditions. The procedure was applied to determination of ephedrine (30) and amphetamine (28) in pharmaceutical samples339. Reagent 143 in a FLA. system was used for the fast determination of lysine (144) in commercial feed samples by multivariate calibration techniques, without need of chromatographic separation340. 

Brede, C., Skjevrak, I. and Herikstad, H. (2003). Determination of primary aromatic amines in water food simulant using solid-phase analytical derivatization followed by gas chromatography coupled with mass spectrometry, J. Chrom. A, 983, 35-42. 

DeLeenheer, A., Sinsheimer, J.E., and Burckhalter, J.H., Fluorometric determination of primary and secondary aliphatic amines by reaction with 9-isothiocyanatoacridine, J. Pharm. Sci., 62, 1370, 1973. 

Most GC determinations of primary amino groups in organic compounds (see, for instance, refs. 103-107) are based on a widely known deamination reaction used first for the determination of amines by Van Slyke [108]. A study of the kinetics and stoichiometry of the reaction showed that for quantitative analysis the reaction conditions must be chosen in accordance with the type of organic compounds to be analysed and the correctness of the procedure must be checked with the aid of model compounds [15]. 

Terashi et al." reported the determination of primary and secondary aliphatic amines in the environment by gas chromatography-mass spectrometry. Many derivatization... 

Terashi, A., Hanada, Y., Kida, A., and Shinohara, R., Determination of primary and secondary aliphatic amines in the environment as sulphonamide derivatives by gas chromatography-mass spectrometry, J. Chromatogr., 503, 369-375, 1990. 

Pfundstein, B., Tricker, A. R., and Preussmann, R., Determination of primary and secondary amines in foodstuffs using gas chromatography and chemiluminescence detection with a modified thermal energy analyzer, J. Chromalogr., 539, 141-148, 1991. 

Miyamoto, Y., Kataoka, H., Ohrui, S., and Makita, M., Determination of primary amines as their A-benzenesulfonyl-Al-trifluoroacetyl derivatives by GC with electron capture detection, Bunseki Kagaku, 43, 1113-1118, 1994. 

Liu, X., Wang, H., Liang, S. C., and Zhang, H. S., Determination of primary and secondary aliphatic amines by A-hydroxysuccinimidyl 4,3,2 -naphthapyrone-4-acetate and reversed-phase high-performance hquid chromatography. Anal Chim. Acta, 441, 45-52, 2001. 

M. H. Memon and P. J. Worsfold, The Use of Microemulsions in Flow Injection Analysis. Spectrofluorimetric Determination of Primary Amines. Anal. Chim. Acta, 183 (1986) 179. 

The spirolactone fluorescamine (432) reacts with primary amines to form highly fluroescent products making it a useful analytical reagent for the fluorometric determination of primary amines <72JA5927>. Diphenylisobenzofuran (433) continues to be useful as a trap for singlet oxygen and reactive alkenes. An example is its reaction with cyclopropabenzene (434), which is postulated to... 

Driouich, R., Takayanagi, T., Oshima, M., and Motomizu, S., Synthesis of water-soluble phenylazos-alicylaldehyde analogues and their application to capillary electrophoretic determination of primary amines. Electrophoresis, 27, 3460, 2006. 

Indirect UV-detection is a feasible option and particularly interesting for the CZE determination of primary to quarternary amines without derivatization. Imidazole, Af-ethylbenzylamine, and ben-zyltriethylammonium chloride have been proposed as electrolyte chromophoric constituents. The indirect UV-detection of aliphatic amines in ambient air has been performed by CZE in imidazole-based buffer modified by ethanol and EDTA. By replacing imidazole with ammonium, the electrolyte became applicable to MS detection (these details and other CZE methodologies are reported in Table 31.4). 

The use of OPA for the determination of primary ammo acids was originally reported by Roth in 1971 In the presence of a reducing agent, such as 2-mercaptoethanol, OPA reacts in alkaline medium with primary amines, to form highly fluorescent thioalkyl-substituted isoindoles (Simons and Johnson, 1976, Fig. 1) OPA as a derivatization reagent has several advantages ... 

Although the reagent is non-fluorescent, it nevertheless interferes with fluorescence measurements, so that the excess has to be removed before fluorimetry. Usually chromatographic procedures have been applied for this purpose. TLC, and more recently reversed phase HPLC, have been used for the determination of primary and secondary amines, amino acids, and drugs in the picomole and subpicomole range. Applications are summarized in Table 7. 

Diazotization and coupling reactions Diazotization and coupling reactions are used for, for example, trace determination of primary or secondary aliphatic alcohols and aromatic amines by employing UV-visible spectroscopy. 

Akzo Chemie Method VE/3.001 Ethoxylated fatty amines/diamines Determination of primary + secondary amine. 

The formation of aldimines can also be utilized in the reverse way for the determination of primary amines. For these purposes the application of piperonal was recommended.< > The method was used for the determination of traces of methylamine in commercial samples of dimethylamine. 

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