Aliphatic lead salts

Lead salts of aliphatic acids Burning characteristics remain substantially unaffected by variations in pressure during operation. Such propellants are suitable for use in rockets and guided missiles [235]. 

Combination of lead and copper salts of aliphatic and aromatic carboxylic adds Extend mesa region compared with lead salts alone in propellants having cal. val. -600-1250calg 1 i.e., both cooler and hotter propellants [238, 239]. 

Cooley, R.A., and Bruson, H.A. (1961) NC propellants containing lead salts of aliphatic acids. US Patent 2,982,638. 

Triazenes have been prepared by the treatment of resin-bound aromatic diazonium salts with secondary amines (Figure 3.27). Regeneration of the amine can be effected by mild acidolysis (Entry 1, Table 3.23). Triazenes have been shown to be stable towards bases such as TBAF, potassium hydroxide, or potassium tert-butoxide [454], and under the conditions of the Heck reaction [455]. Primary amines cannot be linked to supports as triazenes because treatment of triazenes such as R-HN-N=N-Ar-Pol with acid leads to the release of aliphatic diazonium salts into solution [373]. Triazenes derived from primary amines can, however, be used for the preparation of amides and ureas (see Section 3.3.4),... 

The results of the high-pressure polycondensations of the aliphatic-aromatic salt monomers XPMA, XBPA, XTPE, XOPA, and XBTA under 200-600 MPa at 220-320°C for 3-30 h leading to the formation of a series of aliphatic polyimides (see Eq. 5) are summarized in Table 1 [22,24-26]. 

Internal stabilization with lead undecylenate appears to be caused for similar reasons. As can be seen in Figure 9, the carbonyl band of the incorporated salt group (obtained from a KBr briquet sample of the copolymer) appears at 1540 cm.-1. The intensity of this absorption band decreases with time of heat treatment. At the same time a band appears at 1730 cm."1 which, in analogy to the investigations of Frye and Horst (10), is to be attributed to formation of ester groups in the polymers. Accordingly, there seems to be no basic difference between the stabilizing action of admixed and of chemically incorporated lead salts of aliphatic carboxylic acids. 

Phillips, J. W. C. and Mumford, A. (1934). Dimorphism of certain aliphatic compounds. V. Primary alcohols and their acetates. J. Chem. Soc., 1657-65. [98] Pierce-Butler, M. A. (1982). Structures of the barium salt of 2,4,6-trinitro-l,3-benzenediol monohydrate and the isomorphous lead salt (/3-polymorph). Acta Crystallogr B, 38, 3100. [294]... 

In addition to the three basic types of epoxide types enumerated, the literature contains data on the use of certain other substances containing epoxide rings in the molecules to stabilize polyvinyl chloride. Salts of lead, barium, calcium, cadmium, and aliphatic epoxy acids, with 11-22 carbon atoms in the chain, have been described. It has been shown that in contrast to salts of nonepoxided aliphatic acids, salts of epoxy acids give no synergic effect when they are used together [71]. 

Formation of lead soaps appears to be the mechanism by which lead-based paints inhibit corrosion of clean steel. When formulated with linseed oil, lead reacts with components of the oil to form soaps in the cured film in the presence of water and oxygen, these soaps degrade to, among other things, salts of a variety of mono- and di-basic aliphatic acids. The lead salts of azelaic, suberic, and pelargonic acid act as corrosion inhibitors lead azelate is of particular importance in LBP. These acids may inhibit corrosion by bringing about the formation of insoluble ferric salts, which reinforce the metal s oxide film until it becomes impermeable to ferrous ions, thus suppressing the corrosion mechanism. 

Amines, like ammonia NH3, are polar compounds and, except for tertiary amines, form intermolecular hydrogen bonds leading to higher boiling points than non-polar compounds of the same molecular weight, but lower boiling points than alcohols or acids. The smaller molecules, containing up to about six carbon atoms, dissolve in water. Aliphatic amines are similar in basicity to ammonia and form water-soluble salts with acids ... 

The three possibilities of synthesizing a C5 chain, namely, C2 +Ci + C2. C2 -t C2 -I- Cl, or Cl + C3 + Cl, lead to pyrylium salts having identical substituents in positions 2 and 4 in the second case, or 2 and 6 in the first and third cases. Despite this limitation, such syntheses are very convenient because they make the pyrylium salts easily accessible (more so than other six-membered heterocyclic aromatics) from aliphatic starting materials. 

There are many parallels between phosphates and sulfates of aliphatic alcohols. Both types of surfactants contain ester bonds undergoing hydrolysis in acid solutions. In that case the starting materials are received once more. By dry heating of the salts above a temperature of 140°C destruction will occur forming the corresponding alkenes and an inorganic acid salt. In the same way as sulfonic and sulfinic acids are formed by C-S bonds, C-P bonds lead to phosphonic and phosphinic acids. 

Reaction of aliphatic aldehydes with H2S and TCS 14 at room temperature in the presence of pyridine leads to the adducts 596, which can be converted by NaH in DMF, via the adducts 597 and the intermediate thioaldehydes 598, into their sodium salts 599. These sodium salts 599 can be trapped by alkyl- or aUyl hahdes in up to 91% yield to give the vinyl sulfides 600 [147] (Scheme 5.47). 

Carbon dioxide Sulfur dioxide Aliphatic hydrocarbons Aromatic hydrocarbons Cholinesterase inhibitors Paraquat Lead Arsenic Mercury Removal from exposure and administer oxygen Removal from exposure Removal from exposure Removal from exposure Atropine, pralidoxime Gastric lavage and dialysis Dimercaprol, penicillamine Dimercaprol, penicillamine Dimercaprol (elemental), penicillamine, dimercaprol (inorganic salts)... 

A general method for nitrone formation is based on the interaction of nitro compounds with carbanions. Interaction between nitroso compounds (175) and anions of aliphatic nitro compounds (178) leads to nitrones (179). The source of anions are metal salts of nitro compounds, triethylamines, and trimethylsilylni-tronates (Scheme 2.63) (334, 335). 

The present procedure2 describes the conversion of resin-bound, primary aliphatic amines into isothiocyanates and the conversion of the latter into 3-aminothiophenes. The generation of isothiocyanates is related to known procedures,3 in which amines are first treated with carbon disulfide and the resulting dithiocarba-mates are desulfurized by treatment with a condensing agent (alkyl chloroformates, carbodiimides, lead or mercury salts, etc.). The presence of resin-bound isothiocyanates on the polystyrene support could be qualitatively ascertained by infrared spectroscopy (KBr-pellet strong absorption at 2091 cm-1). 

The reaction of primary aliphatic amines and nitramines with nitronium salts also leads to deamination and the formation of alkyl nitrates. 

In our NMR studies 143,147,148,322-324) of amine and other adducts of Ni[R-dtp]2 complexes neat amines were employed in order to eliminate variations in extent of association (H-bonding) of the amines, to permit observation of NH proton shifts, and to maximize the concentration of the preferred adduct. The use of high concentration of primary amines in solutions with Ni[R-dtp]2 complexes can lead to products other than those expected, e.g., with aliphatic diamines, the R-dtp anion salts of f/zs(diamine)nickel(ll) chelates are obtained ). Furlani and co-workers ) have shown that Ni-(ethyl-dtp)2 reacts with n-butyl amine to yield complexes containing the NiS2N4 chromophore, presumably with monodentate ethyl-dtp. In all work with adducts it is necessary to assure that the complexes, adduct molecules and solvent systems are anhydrous. A number of authors 132,284,295,329) shown that Ni[ R-dtp ]2 complexes decompose when in contact with water. 

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