Administration timing

Some beneficial evidence exists to support administration times of up to 24 h after symptom onset in patients with continuous ischemic symptoms... 

Several adaptive mechanisms by the kidney limit effectiveness of loop diuretic therapy. Postdiuretic sodium retention occurs as the concentration of diuretic in the loop of Henle decreases. This effect can be minimized by decreasing the dosage interval (i.e., dosing more frequently) or by administering a continuous infusion. Continuous infusion loop diuretics may be easier to titrate than bolus dosing, requires less nursing administration time, and may lead to fewer adverse reactions. 

Optimal medication administration time for the patient s lifestyle and other concurrent medications... 

Other potential adverse effects include impaired absorption of fat-soluble vitamins A, D, E, and K hypernatremia and hyperchloremia GI obstruction and reduced bioavailability of acidic drugs such as warfarin, nicotinic acid, thyroxine, acetaminophen, hydrocortisone, hydrochlorothiazide, loperamide, and possibly iron. Drug interactions may be avoided by alternating administration times with an interval of 6 hours or greater between the BAR and other drugs. 

Use a system that ensures that antibiotics are prepared and delivered to the holding area in a timely fashion. Standardize the administration time to less than 1 hour preoperatively. 

Patients and caregivers should be educated so that they can participate in treatment by recording medication administration times and duration of on and off periods. 

Vuksan V, Starve MP, Sievenpiper JL, et al (2000) Similar postprandial glycemic reductions with escalation of dose and administration time of American ginseng in type 2 diabetes. 

The type of fatty acid employed may be a critical factor in the efficacy (or lack thereof). Omega-6 supplementation may have less impact than omega-3 administration (Hodge et ah, 1998). Typical dosing strategies are similar for both children and adults, namely from 3 to 10 g of refrigerated fish oil or 3 tablespoons of refrigerated flax seed oil per day, split into multiple administration times (e.g. three times per day). 

The Mini-International Neuropsychiatric Interview (MINI) is a short structured diagnostic interview for DSM-IV and ICD-10 psychiatric disorders. With an administration time of approximately 15 min, it was designed to meet the need for a short but accurate structured psychiatric interview for multicenter clinical trials and epidemiology studies, and to be used as a first step in outcome tracking in non-research clinical settings (Sheehan et al.y 1998). 

Mouse. A group of 50 female ICR/Ha Swiss mice was treated by topical application with 2 mg dimethylcarbamoyl chloride in 0.1 mL acetone three times per week for up to 615 days. Three control groups, each of 50 mice, received acetone only for 575-665 days. No skin tumours arose in the control groups, whereas 32/50 mice in the treatment group developed tumours at the site of administration. Time to first tumour was 350 days and the tumours were identified as 1 papilloma, 27 squamous carcinomas and 4 kerato-acanthomas (Van Duuren et al., 1987). 

Medicare Part D is threatening to the financial viability of Bell s Pharmacy because of (1) lower reimbursement, (2) slower reimbursements, and (3) increased administrative time for prescriptions. 

Disintegrate in stomach after taken orally Enteric coated tablets to keep tablets intact in stomach and disintegrate in intestines for absorption Release drug slowly for a period of time to reduce administration times... 

The most frequent noncompliance behaviors are deviations from the amount of dose (this includes leaving out doses), the timing of administration, and the duration of treatment. Thus, noncompliances range from short-time deviation from the administration time over randomly omitted doses up to so-called drug holidays where the patient takes a break from medication. The worst case is discontinuation of the medication, which is discussed in Section 17.8.3. 

Toxicity always depends on exposure conditions, such as route of administration, timing and duration of administration, and dose. The conservative default assumption is that, without data to the contrary, treatment of an experimental animal by any route is assumed relevant to human exposure by any route. That default assumption can be dropped when adequate modifying information is available. If, for example, an experimental animal study uses oral dosing, and humans are known not to absorb the agent by the oral route, then the experimental data are irrelevant for human oral exposure (but not necessarily for other routes of human exposure). In another example, if experimental animals are exposed to an agent via the oral route and adverse effects are observed, but exposure to humans is topical and the agent is not absorbed through the skin, then the experimental data are irrelevant to humans. 

In BNCT, the first demand is largely determined by the compound chosen. The way of administration, time point of administration in relation to therapy, and the amount administered are important factors. Additionally, the treatment planning plays a role in maximizing the dose ratio. The second demand is determined by the dose prescribed and the treatment plan. Only this aspect is similar to conventional radiotherapy. 

Duration of administration Time-dependent changes in elimination clearance... 

Meibohm B, Hochhaus G, Rohatoagi S et ai 1997 Dependency of cortisol suppression on the administration time of inhal corticosteroids. 

Characterizing a drug s circadian pharmacokinetics and pharmacodynamics can enable investigators to temporally target the administration time and intensity to maximize patient response and minimize patient toxicity. In these models, the rhythmic displacement in the effect curve is caused by the underlying PK circadian changes in clearance, not any PD interaction. Flence, a direct PD model can stiU be used to model the PD interaction. 

Respondent burden refers to the time, energy, and other demands placed on those to whom the instrument is administered. Administrative burden refers to the demands placed on those who administer the instrument. A practical aspect of the measurement of HRQOL is length of the instrument or the administration time involved. Instruments should be as brief as possible without severely compromising the validity and reliability of the measurement. The longer an in-strumenL the greater is the respondent burden. This can lead to an... 

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