Acrylonitrile-butadiene phenolic resin

Methylene-bis-(6-tert-butyl-4-methyl phenol) n. A phenolic-type antioxidant for polyolefins and acrylonitrile-butadiene-styrene resins. 

A phenolic-type antioxidant for polyolefins and acrylonitrile-butadiene-styrene resins. 

During the past four decades phenolic resins have become of increased significance in rubber compounding. For example, the resin based on cashew nut shell liquid, which contains phenolic bodies such as anacardic acid (Figure 23.23), may, when blended with hexamine, be incorporated into nitrile rubber (butadiene-acrylonitrile rubber). 

The principal kinds of thermoplastic resins include (1) acrylonitrile-butadiene-styrene (ABS) resins (2) acetals (3) acrylics (4) cellulosics (5) chlorinated polyelliers (6) fluorocarbons, sucli as polytelra-fluorclliy lene (TFE), polychlorotrifluoroethylene (CTFE), and fluorinated ethylene propylene (FEP) (7) nylons (polyamides) (8) polycarbonates (9) poly elliylenes (including copolymers) (10) polypropylene (including copolymers) ( ll) polystyrenes and (12) vinyls (polyvinyl chloride). The principal kinds of thermosetting resins include (1) alkyds (2) allylics (3) die aminos (melamine and urea) (4) epoxies (5) phenolics (6) polyesters (7) silicones and (8) urethanes,... 

As of 1992, the first specialty platable plastic, acrylonitrile—butadiene—styrene (ABS) terpolymer (see Acrylonitrile polymers, abs resins), is used in over 90% of POP applications. Other platable plastics include poly(phenylene ether) (see Polyethers), nylon (see Polyamides), polysulfone (see Polymers containing sulfur), polypropylene, polycarbonate, phenolics (see Pphenolic resins), polycarbonate—ABS alloys, polyesters (qv), foamed polystyrene (see Styrene plastics), and other foamed plastics (qv). 

Acrylonitrile-Butadiene Elastomers. These polymers, the so-called nitrile rubbers , are used dissolved in ketone or other highly polar solvents. When they are compounded with thermosetting phenolic resins it is possible to obtain good resistance to elevated temperatures. 

Brominated flame retardants (BFRs) are a structurally diverse group of compounds including aromatics, cyclic aliphatics, phenolic derivatives, ahphatics, and phthahc anhydride derivatives (Figure 31.3). The most common BFRs are tetrabromobisphenol A (TBBPA), polybrominated diphenyl ethers (PBDE), hexabromocyclododecane (HBCD), and polybrominated biphenyls (PBB). The primary use of TBBPA is as reactive additive in epoxy resin circuit boards, while decabromodiphenyloxide (DBDO) is primarily used in high impact polystyrene for electronic enclosures. PBDEs are typically used as the additive type of flame retardant in high impact polystyrene, acrylonitrile butadiene styrene, flexible polyurethane foam, textile coatings, wire and cable insulation and electrical connectors. 

The forward bulkhead of the motor case is exposed to stagnant but hot gases, and thus must be lined with an insulative material. The modulus of this insulator is sufficiently low so as to transmit the chamber pressure into the external structural member. Insulators that are brittle tend to crack during the initial pressurization, with possible catastrophic burn-through of the motor case wall. Insulators are composed of an elastomer-modified charring resin (like a copolymer of butadiene-acrylonitrile and phenolic) with various reinforcements and/or low conductivity fillers. The bulkhead insulator is generally premolded in segments and then adhesively (plastic) bonded in place. 

Ki-aton G1600 SEES Perfluorinated ionomers Phenolic resins Polystyrene, head-to-head Poly(yinyl chloride), head-to-head S tyrene- acrylonitrile Styrene-butadiene elastomers Styrene-methylmethacrylate copolymer Sulfo-ethylene-propylene-diene monomer ionomers Vinylidene fluoride-hexafluoropropylene elastomers Chemigum... 

Tween 81. See Polysorbate 81 Tween 85 Tween 85LM. See Polysorbate 85 Twinkling Star. See Antimony trioxide Two-stage phenolic resin. See Novolac resin Two-stage resin. See Phenolic resin Ty-lon B11. See Sodium sulfite Tylac 037 Tylac 97-422 Tylac 692 Tylac 757 Tylac 820 Tylac 936 Tylac 979-RG Tylac 68009-00 Tylac 68010-00 Tylac 68012-00 Tylac 68013-00 Tylac 68014-00. See Styrene/butadiene polymer Tylac 68060-00. See Acrylonitrile copolymer Tylac 68073-00 Tylac 68074-00 Tylac 68075-00 Tylac 68076-00. See Butadiene-acrylonitrile elastomer, carboxyl-terminated Tylac 68150-00 Tylac 68151-00. See Butadiene/acrylonitrile copolymer Tylac 68152-00. See Styrene/butadiene polymer... 

Since January 1990, the Federal aviation authority have adopted the developed at Ohio State University method, in which the heat radiation (HR) and the rate of heat release (RHR) are determined. The standard regulates the HR level at 65 kJ. Many aircraft materials do not face this demand for example, the ternary copol mier of acrylonitrile, butadiene and styrene resin, the polycarbonate, phenol and epoxide resins. It is foreseen to substitute these materials by such pol5miers, which meet these requirements. The measurements in combustion chamber of Ohio State University indicated that polyesteresterketone fulfills this standard. 

The other important diol which finds wide application in synthesis of flame retardant epoxy thermosets is 4,4 -isopropylidene bis(2,6-dibromo-phenol) (tetrabromobisphenol-A,TBPA).The primary use of TBPA is as a reactive flame retardant in epoxy resin-based circuit boards and in electronic enclosures made of polycarbonate-acrylonitrile, butadiene-styrene, etc. Hexafluorobisphenol-A (bisphenol-AF, hexafluoroisopropylidene diphenol) has also been used for the synthesis of fluorinated epoxy resin aiming at the anticorrosion coatings market for industrial vessels and pipes. The key disadvantages of fluorinated epoxies are their relatively high costs and low Tg, which limit their commercialisation. Thus utilisation of such diols in vegetable oil-based epoxy resins may result in similar performance. 

In the waterborne phenolic adhesives, a new dispersion system (98) has been reported. This system uses the solubility of some thermoplastics in phenol, and the subsequent polymerization takes place upon the addition of formaldehyde, an emulsifier, and water. The dispersion is then formed in situ. The versatility of this process is indicated by the use of many polymers with a wide range of properties, e.g., polyvinyl formal, polyvinyl butyral, acrylonitrile-butadiene copolymer, bisphenol-A resins, polyvinyl acetate, polycarbonate, polymethyl methacrylate, and nylons. 

Figure 1 Cost-related (specific) flexural strength of major thermoplastics, versus cost-related (specific) thermal tolerance. The unit cost is the market price in US cents (1992) of 1 cm plastics. The thermal tolerance is the temperature difference (AT) over room temperature (AT — T - room T), by which temperature (7 ) the flexural modulus is equal to 1 GPa. Designations, abbreviations WFRP-S, wood fiber reinforced PP (S type) of AECL, Canada (See Table 1) PMMA, polymethylmethacrylate PVC, pol)winyl chloride PS, polystyrene PP, polypropylene UP, unsaturated polyesters PA-GF, glass fiber (35%) reinforced polyamide PHR, phenolic resin EP, epoxy resin ABS, acrylonitrile/butadiene/styrene copolymer UF, urea/formaldehyde LDPE, low density polyethylene PC, polycarbonate POM, polyoxymethylene CAB, cellulose acetate butyrate LCP, liquid crystal polymers PEEK, polyether-etherketone PTFE, polytetrafluorethylene.

Figure 1 Polymer interpretation chart. PAI, polyamideimide PC, polycarbonate UP, unsaturated polyester PDAP, diarylate phtalate resin VC-VAc, vinyl chloride-vinyl acetate copolymer PVAc, polyvinyl acetate PVFM, polyvinyl formal PUR, polyurethane PA, polyamide PMA, methacrylate ester polymer EVA, ethylene-vinyl acetate copolymer PF, phenol resin EP, epoxide resin PS, polystyrene ABS, acrylonitrile-butadiene-styrene copolymer PPO, polyphenylene oxide P-SULFONE, poly-sulfone PA, polyamide UF, urea resin CN, nitrocellulose PVA, polyvinyl acetate MC, methyl cellulose MF, melamine resin PAN, polyacrylonitrile PVC, polyvinyl chloride PVF, polyvinyl fluoride CR, polychloroprene CHR, polyepichlorohydrin SI, polymethylsiloxane POM, polyoxy-methylene PTFE, polytetrafluoroethylene MOD-PP, modified PP EPT, ethylene-propylene terpolymer EPR, ethylene-propylene rubber PI, polyisoprene BR, butyl rubber PMP, poly(4-methyl pentene-1) PE, poly(ethylene) PB, poly(butene-l). (Adapted from Ref. 22, p. 50.)...

Over the years the chemical industry has developed a wide range of synthetic polymers for a diversity of products. Celluloid, developed by Hyatt in 1868, was the forerunner of plastics. Bakelite, a phenol-formaldehyde resin, followed in 1907, nylon in 1938, the polyesters and polyethylene in 1942, the epoxies and acrylonitrile-butadiene-styrene (ABS) in 1947. Large-scale usage of these materials developed in the 1950s. 

Acrylonitrile butadiene rubber rubbers do not crystallize under strain and, without reinforcing fillers, have poor tensile strength and low tear initiation resistance. Therefore, it is usual to have reinforcing fillers like carbon black, phenolic resins, or polyvinyl chloride (PVC) to improve tensile strength. Very hard compounds can be prepared by using phenol formaldehyde... 

Plastic is a material that can be plasticized into certain shapes under certain conditions (temperature, pressure, etc.) and can keep its shape unchanged at room temperature and normal atmosphere pressure. According to their performance after heat treatment, plastics can be divided into thermoplastic and thermosetting plastics. A thermoplastic plastic is generally a linear or branched polymer. It melts when heated and solidifies when cooled, and this kind of behavior can be repeated, so the plastic can be used multiple times. The main varieties are polyethylene, polypropylene, polyvinyl chloride, polystyrene, and acrylonitrile-butadiene-styrene terpolymer. Thermosetting plastic is a space network polymer, which is formed by direct polymerization of monomers or by cross-linking of linear prepolymers. Once the solidification is finished, the polymer cannot be heated back to the plasticizing state. The main varieties are phenolic resin, epoxy resin, amino resin, and unsaturated polyester. 

Even in cases where one cannot unambiguously identify the components of a complex blend by its individual degradation pattern, it stiU may be possible to use the blend s TGA degradation curve as a quality control tool. For example, a commercial blend of an acrylonitrile-butadiene (ACN/BD) copolymer and a phenolic resin yields a tough thermoplastic/thermoset adhesive when cured that can hold brake linings in place and meet other demanding industrial applications. Isothermal cure of this adhesive was described in Section 3.4.3. 

HDPE -1- butadiene/acrylonitrile rubber was compatibilized by addition of dimethylol phenolic resin, which cured and compatibilized the blend [61, 62]. Cure reactions of diene rubbers with phenolic resins have been observed before [159], and probably formed an interpenetrating polymer network in this study. 

Cements prepared from carboxylic butadiene-acrylonitrile copolymers blended with phenolic resins, like the analogous cements prepared with noncarboxylic butadiene-acrylonitrile copolymers, are adhesive agents for steel to rubber. Employed without curative agents, the carboxylic copolymers give better steel-to-rubber adhesion than the analogous noncarboxylic copolymers. Confirmation of this is cited in the patent literature. 

Carboxylic butadiene-acrylonitrile copolymers have been employed in blends with selected phenolic resins as metal-to-metal adhesives. ... 

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