Yellow lupine

Rothwell and Wain (126) have isolated in crystalline form a growth inhibitor from Lupinus luteus (yellow lupine) pods which they have partially characterized. Analytical data suggested that the inhibitor possessed the characteristics of an unsaturated hydroxyketo acid. Inhibition in the wheat coleoptile cylinder test was obtained with concentrations of 0.25 to 1.0 p.p.m. 

An aminovalerianic acid was described in 1883 by Schulze and Barbieri as occurring in the seedlings of yellow lupines, and subsequently Schulze again isolated it from the extracts of other seedlings. It appeared to correspond to n-aminovalerianic acid, which had been synthesised by Lipp. 

Tahara, S., Hashidoko, Y., and Mizutani, J., New 3-methoxyflavones in the roots of yellow Lupin (Lupinus luteus cv. Topaz), Agric. Biol. Chem., 51, 1039, 1987. 

Tahara, S. et al., Prenylated flavonoids in the roots of yellow lupin. Phytochemistry, 36,1261,1994. 

Mullan, B.P., van Barneveld, R.J. and Cowling, W.A. (1997) Yellow lupins (Lupinus luteus) a new feed grain for the Australian pig industry. In Cranwell, P. (ed.) Manipulating Pig Production VI. Australasian Pig Science Association Conference, Canberra, p. 237. 

Roth-Maier, D.A. and Paulicks, B.R. (2004) Blue and yellow lupin seed in the feeding of broiler chicks. In Santen, E. and van Hill, G.D. (eds) Wild and Cultivated Lupins from the Tropics to the Poles. Proceedings of the 10th International Lupin Conference. Laugarvatn, Iceland, 19-24 June 2002, pp. 333-335. 

The enzyme splitting both adenosine-tetraphosphate and guanosine-tetraphosphate was purified to homogeneity from yellow lupin seeds (Guranowski et al., 1997). The polypeptide of 25 kDa catalysed the hydrolysis of nucleoside-5 -tetraphosphate to nucleoside triphosphate and P , and hydrolysed PolyP3, but neither pyrophosphate nor PolyPs The divalent carions Mg2+, Co2+, Ni2+ or Mn2+ were required for the reaction. 

A. Guranowski, E. Starzynska, P. Brown and G. M. Blackburn (1997). Adenosine 5 -tetraphosphate phosphohydrolase from yellow lupin seeds purification to homogeneity and some properties. Biochem. J., 328, 257-262. 

KHOURI, H.E., TAHARA, S., IBRAHIM, R.K., Partial purification, characterization and kinetic analysis of isoflavone 5-O-methyltransferase from yellow lupin roots. Arch. Biochem. Biophys., 1988,262,592-598. 

Sobolev, A.M., Buzulukova, N.P., Dmitrieva, M.I., and Barbashova, A.K., 1976, Structural-biochemical organization of aleurone grains in yellow lupin. Soviet Plant Physiol. 23 739-746. 

In wheat, narrow-leafed lupin and yellow lupin hypoxia affected solute transport, increasing the root pressure (Pr) and decreasing the turgor pressure (Pc), but only significantly in lupin. Different pathways for radial water flow across the roots of lupin and wheat were observable, with increased aquaporin activity in wheat roots [68]. 

Guranowski, A. Nucleoside phosphotransferase from yellow lupin seedling cotyledons. Biochim. Biophys. Acta, 569, 13-22 (1979)... 

Lupin seeds are produced in pods that develop on the main stem of the lupin plant. The seeds of white lupin are 8 to 14 mm in diameter, flattened, and of cream color. Blue lupins have beige or brown-speckled round and relatively light seeds, whereas yellow lupin seeds are round and resemble soybeans (Figure 22.2). 

Lupinine (II), isolated from yellow lupin seeds by Cassola (112) in 1835, was obtained in pure form by Baumert in 1881. Derivatives... 

This enzyme has been demonstrated in a range of plant tissues (Giovanelli and Mudd, 1967 Dodd and Cossins, 1969 Walker and Duerre, 1975) and has been partially purified from spinach beet (Poulton and Butt, 1976) and to homogeneity from yellow lupin seeds (Guranowski and Pawelkiewicz, 1977). The lupin preparation resembled the enzymes from rat liver (de la Haba and Cantoni, 1959) and yeast (Knudson and Yall, 1972) in showing high specificity for both L-homocysteine and adenosine. 

Chloride ions selectively activate the glutamine-dependent AS reaction of the yellow lupin enzyme and decrease the of glutamine 50-fold (Rognes, 1980). 

Lupeol a pentacyclic, triterpene alcohol, M, 426.73, m.p. 215°C, [al + 27.2 (c = 4.8 in CHa,). L. has a Sa-lnpane ring system. It occurs free, esteified and as the aglycon of triterpene Saponins (see) in many plants. It has been found, e.g. in the latex if Ficus spp, in the seed coats of the yellow lupin Lupinus lu-teus) and in the leaves of mistletoe. It has also been detected in the cocoons of the silk-worm, Bombyx mori. 

Isol. from many plants, e.g. twigs of white jasmine, seeds of yellow lupin (Lupinus luteus), lentils and ash manna (Fraxinus ornus). Cryst. + 4 or 5H2O. 

Partially de-coated (about 20% of testa removed) seeds of yellow lupin (Lupinus luteus L. cv Weiko III) were surface sterilized for 5 min, washed thoroughly, and allowed to imbibe water for 2 h at 22° C in the dark. The seeds were then fully de-coated and incubated in water containing 42 /xCi of [U- C]-adenine (296 mCi/mmol Amersham, UK) for 4 h (22°C, dark). Following exposure to [ C]-adenine, the seeds were washed with water and further incubated for 6 h (22 °C, dark). The cotyledons (425 g) and embryonic axes (embryos, 13.5 g) were then separated and extracted individually using solvents known to inactivate phosphatases [19]. The extracts were purified on cellulose phosphate columns, and the... 

From the genus Lupinus more than 400 species ate known, but only four have been domesticated and are of agronomic and commercial interest Lupinus albus (white lupin), Lupinus angustifolius (narrow leaf or blue lupin), Lupinus luteus (yellow lupin), and Lupinus mutabilis (Andean lupin). 

L. luteus is known as European yellow lupine. It is native to the Mediterranean regions of Southern Europe it grows in the Mediterranean countries, including Morocco, Portugal, Spain, Italy, Greece, and Egypt. 

Wang SF, Liu AY, Ridsdill-Smith TJ, Ghisalberti EL (2000) Role of alkaloids in resistance of yellow lupin to red-legged earth mite Halotydeus destructor. J Chem Ecol 26 429-441... 

Occurrence. The tetrasaccharide has been isolated from about forty different plant species, and is usually found associated with sucrose and raffinose. It has been reported in the roots of Stachys species, in the twigs of white jasmine, in the seeds of yellow lupine Lupinus lutens), in soybeans Soja hispida), in lentils (Ervum lens) and in ash manna Fraxinm omm). 

Since zeatin was isolated from immature maize kernels a number of cytokinins have been identified or, on the basis of biological activity, have been shown to be present in seeds. Derivatives of zeatin occur in maize and yellow lupin Lupinus luteus). Most cytokinins are adenine derivatives but one substance which can support cell division and therefore has cytokinin-like activity does not belong to this chemical group. It is diphenylurea from coconut liquid endosperm (Table 3.8 and Fig. 3.30) and it is this substance which is partially respons-... 

In crosses of yellow lupines with lupinine as the major alkaloid with plants bearing only sparteine, the Fi plants had both alkaloids and in Fa a segregation into five groups was observed, the extreme with only one alkaloid comprising each about Viq of the Fa generation. The rest were... 

Figure 5.6. Appearance of yellow lupine plants (Lupinus luteus) used in experiments 21 days after infection. Left— healthy right—infected (Nowacki and Waller, 1973). Courtesy of the journal.

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