Yeast biochemistry

J. A. Den Hollander, K. Ugurbil, T. R. Brown and R. G. Shulman (1981). Phosphorus-31 nuclear magnetic resonance studies on the effect of oxygen upon glycolysis in yeast. Biochemistry, 20, 5871-5880. 

Teles JH, Breuer K, Enders D, Gielen H (1999) One pot synthesis of 3,4-disubstituted l-alkyl-4H-l,2,4-triazol-l-ium salts. Synth Commun 29 1-9 Thorpe SR, Sweeley C (1967) Chemistry and metabolism of sphingolipids. On the biosynthesis of phytosphingosine by yeast. Biochemistry 6 887... 

Schwartz, B., Green, E. L., Sanders-Loehr, J., and Klinman, J. P., 1998, The relationship between conserved consensus site residues and die productive conformation for TPQ cofactor in a copper-containing amine oxidase from yeast. Biochemistry 37 16591nl6600. 

Qureshi N, Dugan RE, Qeland WW, Porter JS. Kinetic analysis of the individual reductive steps catalyzed by P-hydroxy-fl-methyl-glutaryl-coenzyme A reductase obtained from yeast. Biochemistry 1976 15 4191-4197. 

Kinetic analysis of oxygen utilization during cofactor biogenesis in a copper-containing amine oxidase from yeast. Biochemistry 39, 3699-3707. 

The laboratory strains have been analysed genetically to produce a map denoting the positions of genes on chromosomes, to study gene function, and examine all aspects of yeast biochemistry. Much of the information obtained is of great value in attempting to understand commercial processes and making improvements to commercial yeasts. 

Davies, R.J. and Holdsworth, J.E. (1992) Synthesis of lipids in yeasts biochemistry, physiology, production. Adv. Appl. Lipid Res. 1, 119-159. 

Richter, D. and Lipmann, F, (1970) Separation of mitochondrial and cytoplasmic peptide chain elongation factors from yeast. Biochemistry, 8, 5065-5070. 

Dove JE, Schwartz B, WUhams NK, Klinman JP. 2000. Investigation of spectroscopic intermediates during copper-binding and q>q fomiatioa in wild-t5q)e and active site mutants of a copper containing amine oxidase from yeast. Biochemistry 39 3690-3698. 

Klrtley, M.E., and ITT Rudney.- Some properties and mechanisms of action of the 6-hydroxy-B-methylglutaryl coenzyme A reductase of yeast. Biochemistry 230-238 (1967). 

Minato, S., and Werbin, H., 1971, Spectral properties of the chromophoric material associated with the deoxyribonucleic acid photoreactivating enzyme isolated from baker s yeast. Biochemistry 10 4503. 

Biochemistry resulted from the early elucidation of the pathway of enzymatic conversion of glucose to ethanol by yeasts and its relation to carbohydrate metaboHsm in animals. The word enzyme means "in yeast," and the earfler word ferment has an obvious connection. Partly because of the importance of wine and related products and partly because yeasts are relatively easily studied, yeasts and fermentation were important in early scientific development and stiU figure widely in studies of biochemical mechanisms, genetic control, cell characteristics, etc. Fermentation yeast was the first eukaryote to have its genome elucidated. 

Shibata, N., Kobayashi, H., Tojo, M. and Suzuki, S. (1986) Characterization of phosphomannan-protein complexes isolated from viable cells of yeast and mycelial forms of Candida albicans NIH B-792 strain by the action of Zymolyase-IOOT. Archives of Biochemistry and Biophysics, 251 (2), 697-708. 

Bureik, M., Schiffler, B., Hiraoka, Y. et al. (2002) Functional expression of human mitochondrial CYP11B2 in fission yeast and identification of a new internal electron transfer protein, etpl. Biochemistry, 41 (7), 2311—2321. 

Isobe, K. and Nishise, H. (1994) Enzymic production of glyoxal from ethylene glycol using alcohol oxidase from methanol yeast. Bioscience Biotechnology and Biochemistry, 58 (1), 170-173. 

Chan,J. C., Oyler, N. A., Yau, W. M., and Tycko, R. (2005). Parallel beta-sheets and polar zippers in amyloid fibrils formed by residues 10-39 of the yeast prion protein Ure2p. Biochemistry 44, 10669-10680. 

Bousset, L., Belrhali, H., Melki, R., and Morera, S. (2001b). Crystal structures of the yeast prion Ure2p functional region in complex with glutathione and related compounds. Biochemistry 40, 13564-13573. 

Bousset, L., Redeker, V., Decottignies, P., Dubois, S., Le Marechal, P., and Melki, R. (2004). Structural characterization of the fibrillar form of the yeast Saccharomyces cerevisiae prion Ure2p. Biochemistry 43, 5022-5032. 

Komar, A. A., Melki, R., and Cullin, C. (1999). The [URE3] yeast prion From genetics to biochemistry. Biochemistry (Mosc.) 64, 1401-1407. 

Kwok, E.Y., Severance, S. and Kosman, D.J. (2006) Evidence for iron channeling in the Fet3p-Ftrlp high-affinity iron uptake complex in the yeast plasma membrane, Biochemistry, 45, 6317-6327. 

Phosphoryl group transfer reactions add or remove phosphoryl groups to or from cellular metabolites and macromolecules, and play a major role in biochemistry. Phosphoryl transfer is the most common enzymatic function coded by the yeast genome and, in addition to its importance in intermediary metabolism (see Chapter 5), the reaction is catalysed by a large number of central regulatory enzymes that are often part of signalling cascades, such as protein kinases, protein phosphatases, ATPases and GTPases. 

Larsen, T.M., Wedeking, J.E., Rayment, I. and Reed, G.H. (1996) A carboxylate oxygen of the substrate bridges the magnesium ions at the active site of enolase structure of the yeast enzyme complexed with the equilibrium mixture of 2-phosphoglycerate and phosphoenolpyruvate at 1.8 A resolution, Biochemistry, 30, 4349-4358. 

Interpretation of the process of fermentation by yeast was one of the most controversial issues for vitalists. Its resolution was fundamental for the future development of biochemistry. In the early nineteenth century fermentation was believed to be related to putrefaction and decay. Liebig considered it to result from the breakdown of a substance (sugar) following the admission of air to the nitrogenous components in yeast juices. After the must of grape juice had fermented, the liquid cleared and the yellow sediment, yeast, was deposited. 

Liggins, J.R., F. Sherman, A.J. Mathews, and B.T. Nall. 1994. Differential scanning calorimetric study of the thermal unfolding transitions of yeast iso-1 and iso-2 cytochromes c and three composite isozymes. Biochemistry 33 9209-9219. 

Hu, C.Q. and J.M. Sturtevant. 1987. Thermodynamic study of yeast phosphoglyc-erate kinase. Biochemistry 26 178-182. 

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