WRITE Research Program

Waste Reduction Evaluations at Federal Sites Program (WREAFS1 

The initial steps for WREAFS pollution prevention projects usually begin with an opportunity assessment of the specific operation. For example, within DOD the greatest quantities of hazardous waste are generated by plating, cleaning and stripping operations. By conducting waste minimization opportunity assessments at several of these operations, pollution prevention alternatives and recommendations can be shared with similar operations. An assessment of a 

as part of the WRAP Program, the EPA in cooperation with the California Department of Health Services is producing a series of industry specific manuals that address waste minimization opportunities in a variety of industries. These manuals are in various stages of development but are expected to be available by the Fall of 1989. The industries addressed in the series include (1) paint shops, (2) pesticides, (3) commercial printing, (4) metal fabricators, (5) circuit board manufacturing, (6) hospitals and (7) research and educational institutions. 

The WRAP Program, in an attempt to practice what we preach, is in the process of carrying out a waste minimization assessment at our own facility, the A. W. Briedenbach Environmental Research Center. The Center houses three major research laboratories as well as several administrative and support 

An assessment of waste minimization opportunities for medical wastes has been scheduled for the Veterans Administration Hospital in Cincinnati. The hospital offers a wide range of services including a large outpatient clinic and dental department. The waste minimization assessment will focus on medical wastes, not including wastes from such support functions as offices, cafeterias, etc. 

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The WRITE Program has three sub-programs the WRITE Pilot Program with State and Local Governments, the WRITE Program with Industry and the WRITE Research Program. 

Nonetheless, despite its religious implications, the Big Bang was a scientific theory that flowed naturally from observational data, not from holy writings or transcendental visions. Most physicists adopted the Big Bang theory and set their research programs accordingly. A few, like Einstein before them, didn t like the extra-scientific implications of the theory and labored to develop alternatives. 

UI will hold solely for your benefit and will fully and promptly disclose to you and assign in writing to you without additional payment all of my right, title and interest in and to all those discoveries, inventions and improvements which have been or shall be made, conceived or reduced to practice by me, either alone or with others, in the courts of my employment with you and which fall within the scope of your business activities, investigations, or research programs, as heretofore or hereafter conducted or definitely contemplated, and whether made within or outside of my usual work hours and whether on or off your premises. 

The authors thank A. L. Beauchamp for writing the program and L. Bergeron for his valuable assistance in obtaining calorimetric data. Thanks are also due to the Editor of this book for his patience and understanding. Financial support of this work by the National Research Council of Canada and the Ministere de l Education du Quebec is gratefully acknowledged. 

This paper was accomplished through the support of the National Research Program and it has benefited substantially from the hosts of geochemical modelers, who have brought the state-of-the-art to its present status. The author is grateful for the reviews and editing of Rob Lee and Tim Drever, who properly questioned writing misdemeanors and awkward styles. 

This research program was supported by the National Science Foundation, most recently by grants PCM-8214064 and DMR-8303610. The continued support by NSF has made the progress in this field possible, and it is deeply appreciated. The results could not have been achieved without the dedicated efforts of many, and one of us (S. K.) wishes to express his deep indebtedness to, and pleasure in working with, his colleagues in these studies. Discussions with Dr. Toon C. Cheam in the course of writing this article were very helpful and are much appreciated. As usual, Ms. Shirley Mieras provided devoted support in preparing the manuscript. 

Most of these expressions were not available to Usoff when he was given the task to write a program for finite arrays. He therefore chose to stay mostly in the spatial domain except for the longitudinal case. The result was a program that was extremely versatile and became the workhorse for our finite array research. It was later given a face lift by Dan Janning and other students that reduced the run time and made it more user friendly. 

Due to these problems for the transverse array in the spectral domain, Usoff decided to write his program SPLAT primarily in the spatial domain as part of his doctoral dissertation [24]. It is extremely fast, accurate, and versatile. It simply became and currently is the workhouse for our research of finite periodic structures. It has over the years been extended and improved by several in the author s group in particular, Dan Janning made it more user-friendly among other things. 

This work was supported by the National Basic Research Program of China (No. 2013CB733500) and the National Natural Science Foundation of China (No. 91334202 and No. 21136004). We would like to express our gratitude to Dr. Fan Shi for his kind help and advice during writing. 

Analyzing the output of a simulation can be one of the most difficult aspects of molecular modeling research. At the end of an MD simulation you are left with a huge collection of energies, forces, atomic positions, and velocities. How do you extract from this the information you want One way is to write utility programs to do the analysis. There are many examples available to help with this, and standard textbooks provide good example codes. " If you do not want to do this, then some of the codes listed above have analysis utility tools that can help. LAMMPS, for example, has a collection of python-based pre- and postprocessing tools associated with it called Pizza.py. It can perform animations, extract thermodynamic data, read and... 

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