Wounds bacteria

The infection appears to be being treated, hence white blood cells are only required to finish off and clear the wounded bacteria. In a viral infection a... 

Wounds can be classified into acute wounds and chronic wounds. While acute wounds take only a few weeks to heal, chronic wounds require several months to heal completely. Chronic wounds include venous leg ulcers and pressure sores. Wounds are not usually sterile. A wound may bear a level of 100,000 microorganisms per gram of tissue. Beyond this number, the wound may become infected. In some wounds the pathogens may be able to colonise (critical colonisation) and this is considered to be detrimental for wound healing. Wound bacteria can be acquired from the patient s own endogenous flora or from exogenous microbial contamination... 

Bismuth subnitrate [1304-85-4] (basic bismuth nitrate) can be prepared by the partial hydrolysis of the normal nitrate with boiling water. It has been used as an antacid and in combination with iodoform as a wound dressing (183). Taken internally, the subnitrate may cause fatal nitrite poisoning because of the reduction of the nitrate ion by intestinal bacteria. 

Mice are utilized for testing antiseptics for appHcation to cuts, wounds, and incisions (339). The test bacteria, type 1 pneumococcus and hemolytic streptococcus, ate appHed to the taHs of anaesthetized mice. The tip of the taH is then dipped into the antiseptic for 2 min, after which one-half inch of the taH is removed and inserted into the peritoneal cavity and the incision is closed. If after 10 days the animals survive, the product is considered satisfactory for use as a skin antiseptic. The blood of dead animals is sampled and streaked on blood agar for confirmation of infection from the test bacteria as the cause of death. Since lack of toxicity is another requirement of a product to be appHed to wounds, this test has been combined with a toxicity test (340). 

Robson MC (1997) Wound infection. A failure of wound healing caused by an imbalance of bacteria. Surg Clin North Am 77(3) 637-650... 

The earliest uses of microorganisms to treat human disease can be traced to the belief that formation of pus in some way drained off noxious humours responsible for systemic conditions. Although the spontaneous appearance of pus in their patients wounds satisfied most physicians, deliberate contamination of wounds was also practised. Bizarre concoctions of bacteria such as ointment of pigs dung and herb sclerata were favoured during the Middle Ages. Both early central European and South... 

Such observations led to the hypothesis that regulated expression of PL3 in transgenic potatoes could contribute to enhanced tissue disintegration during storage or thermal treatment. This report addresses the properties of several independent transgenic potato plant lines that express PL3, either constitutively or tuber-specific. We also describe the results obtained following application of Erwinia bacteria to wounded potato tubers. 

NF typically erupts after an initial trauma, which can range from a small abrasion to a deep penetrating wound. The infection begins in the fascia, where bacteria replicate and release toxins that facilitate their spread.21... 

I Bite-wound infections generally are polymicrobial. On average, five different bacterial species can be isolated from an infected animal bite wound.3 Both the normal flora of the biter s mouth and that of the bite recipient s skin can be implicated. The bacteriology of the cat and dog mouth is quite similar. Pasteurella multocida, a gram-negative aerobe, is one of the predominant pathogens, isolated in up to 50% of dog and 75% of cat bites. S. viridans are the most frequently cultured bacteria from human bite wounds.3,43 Table 70-10 provides a comprehensive list of cat, dog, and human bite-wound pathogens. 

Vulnerary. Elder is an effective remedy for relieving hemorrhoids when applied topically as a salve. Elder has been used to treat erysipelas, an acute inflammation caused by strep bacteria that erupts on the skin. Elder has also served humankind well in applications for bums, cuts and wounds. It can also be used as a sore throat gargle or for inflamed gums and mouth tissue. Parts used flowers, berries, leaves. 

For most bacteria, use infection control guidelines standard precautions. If appropriate, or the identity of the bacteria is unknown, use additional droplet and airborne precautions. Avoid direct contact with wounds or wound drainage. 

O Hydrogen peroxide is often used to sterilize wounds. The fizzing that occurs is caused by catalase in the blood acting on the hydrogen peroxide. Bacteria that do not have catalase to disable the hydrogen peroxide are killed by this chemical. Humans are protected by the presence of catalase. Not all bacteria are killed by hydrogen peroxide, however, because some bacteria do have catalase. 

A common disease caused by soildwelling bacteria It does not appear to survive in the soil, but can survive on plant debris. Infection enters through wounds such as those caused by slugs or carrot rust fly. 

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