Wetting tests

Generally, alkan olamines are analyzed by gas chromatography or wet test methods. Details on gas chromatography conditions are available in the fiterature (1) for packed or glass capillary columns. 

Wet test While an indoor type switchgear assembly requires only a dry power frequency voltage withstand test, the outdoor type switchgear assembly also needs a wet test under wet conditions to check the external insulation. For the test procedure refer to lEC 60060-1. 

The above tests refer to dry power frequency voltage withstand tests for indoor units. Outdoor capacitor units will be subjected to a wet test as in lEC 60060-1. 

Nassmahlen, n. wet grinding, wet milling, nassmechanisch, a. wet mechanical, wet-mill. Nass-metallurgie,/. hydrometallurgy. -mUhle,. f. wet mill, -probe, /. wet test. 

During the development of this procedure, evolution of carbon dioxide was monitored with a wet-test meter. At the bath temperature given (160°), sodium chlorodifluoroacetate... 

The reaction starts spontaneously and is mildly exothermic. Moderating the temperature by use of a water bath diminishes the amount of bromine and product carried off by the carbon dioxide evolved. The reaction can be followed by use of a tetra-chloroethane bubbler, and at the end of the reaction the solvent in the bubbler can be used to wash the mercuric bromide. The checkers followed the reaction with a wet test meter presaturated with carbon dioxide 52-60% of the theoretical amount of carbon dioxide was evolved. 

FIGURE 26.31 Braking coefficient measured on a wet test track with the Mobile Traction Laboratory (MTL) as function of slip. 

After the activation period, the reactor temperature was decreased to 453 K, synthesis gas (H2 CO = 2 1) was introduced to the reactor, and the pressure was increased to 2.03 MPa (20.7 atm). The reactor temperature was increased to 493 K at a rate of 1 K/min, and the space velocity was maintained at 5 SL/h/gcat. The reaction products were continuously removed from the vapor space of the reactor and passed through two traps, a warm trap maintained at 373 K and a cold trap held at 273 K. The uncondensed vapor stream was reduced to atmospheric pressure through a letdown valve. The gas flow was measured using a wet test meter and analyzed by an online GC. The accumulated reactor liquid products were removed every 24 h by passing through a 2 pm sintered metal filter located below the liquid level in the CSTR. The conversions of CO and H2 were obtained by gas chromatography (GC) analysis (micro-GC equipped with thermal conductivity detectors) of the reactor exit gas mixture. The reaction products were collected in three traps maintained at different temperatures a hot trap (200°C), a warm trap (100°C), and a cold trap (0°C). The products were separated into different fractions (rewax, wax, oil, and aqueous) for quantification. However, the oil and wax fractions were mixed prior to GC analysis. 

The rate of decarboxylation can be followed qualitatively by collecting the liberated carbon dioxide over water, e.g., by the use of a wet test meter. 

A full functional wet test of the deluge system is normally accomplished. This test ensures coverage and density patterns are being achieved. A calculated collection pan can be provided during the testing to confirm the density rate per minute. The mechanism to activate the deluge should be tested under conditions that will simulate as real as can be reasonably obtained. Where equipment to be protected is not normally in place, i.e., ships, trucks or rail cars, the test should not be conducted until they are in their normal position during operations. 

Unsymmetrical monosulphonated dyes of Mr 700-900. The presence of the ionic solubilising group reduces manufacturing costs and minimises the staining of adjacents in severe wet tests, but these dyes are more sensitive to dye-affinity differences than are the unsulphonated 1 2 metal-complex types. 

Another terminal bidentate ligand that has been exploited occasionally in bright disazo direct dyes is the sulphated 8-hydroxyquinoline residue (5.15). On aftercoppering, fastness to light and wet tests is enhanced by hydrolysis catalysed by the copper(II) ion and formation of a bidentate 1 2 complex (Scheme 5.3). Apparently, electron withdrawal by sulphur facilitates removal of the sulphite grouping and approach of the copper(II) cation [10]. 

SO2 content of the gas was determined by sparging into a 125 ml gas washing bottle containing a known amount of I2 in acetate buffer at pH A-5.5 with a starch indicator. N2 flow was measured by a wet test meter. 

Wet test meter, bubble tube, rotameter, and manometer Assorted spare parts pumps, fuses, orifices, etc. 

We are currently checking orifices prior to each survey with the direct reading rotameter, and washing them in isopropyl alcohol afterwards. Every six months, the calibration checks are performed with the wet test meter. As long as field checks and rotameter calibration checks agree with the bi-annual wet test meter calibration results, we feel the orifices are performing accurately. 

It is necessary, however, to correct for volume if the calibration tool is not a true primary calibration source. Our wet test meter is supposed to be accurate within 4 0.5%, and the volume has been calibrated by personnel at the University of N.C. at Chapel Hill against their primary standard. There are also small differences in flow rates if there are large temperature changes between the calibration site and the sampling site (3). 

Whole effluent toxicity test species are generally not the same as the resident species that the results of WET testing are aimed at protecting, particularly where nontemperate environments (e.g., tropical and Arctic environments) are concerned, or for estuaries [177]. Also, not all resident species have the same sensitivities to individual or combined contaminants in effluents. Further, differences exist between sensitivities and tolerances of WET species. Such differences are not unexpected hence, it is desirable to use more than one toxicity test organism and endpoint to assess effluent toxicity. 

Methanol or dimethyl ether feeds were fed from an ISCO positive-displacement pump. Liquid products were collected in a room-temperature trap and gaseous products were analyzed by on-line gas chromatography and volumes measured by a wet-test meter. The catalyst could be regenerated in-situ by switching to a nitrogen/air mixture. 

Test Methods. Surface tension (y) measurements were taken by Wil-helmy method (25+0.1°C). Critical micelle concentrations (cmc) were obtained from Y logC curves. Contact angle. Type GI, Japan. Wetting test. Canvas disk method, CIS,HG-2-380-66. Foam test, Ross-Miles lather method. Emulslbillty was determined by mixing 20 ml of 2.5%... 

Different methods used for calibrating samplers include rotometers, wet-test meters, pressure gauges across fixed orifices, mass flow meters, hot wire flow meters and bubble tubes. Each of these calibration devices requires an appropriate correction factor. Some of the devices measure mass flow rather than volumetric flow. Sampling requires volumetric flow calibration. 

The flash gas from the top of F-l passed through a wet-test meter to a sample tap and was vented to the atmosphere. Condensed liquid product was collected through a valve at the bottom of F-7, weighed, and analyzed. 

As can be seen from the results, the composite formed from monomer/-polymer 114a with Celion G30-500 8HS fabric exhibited excellent mechanical properties [28], To a first approximation it would appear that the inherent fracture toughness of the matrix resin has been carried over to the composite panels. The CAI (compressive strength after impact) and OHC (open hole compression) tests are a direct measurements of the toughness of the composite part, the value of 332 MPa for the CAI compares very favorably to the value of 300 MPa typical for the thermoplastic composites. The OHC values under hot-wet test conditions would seem to indicate that the composite has very good retention of its mechanical properties at both 177°C and 203 °C. 

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